KOMPARATIF FUNGSI NARATIF VLADIMIR PROPP PADA "SCHNEEWITTCHEN" DAN "ASCHENPUTTEL"

Abstract

This study aims to compare the narrative structure of the fairy tales Schneewittchen and Aschenputtel from the Brüder Grimm collection (Kinder- und Hausmärchen) by using Vladimir Propp’s morphology of the folktale theory. Utilizing a qualitative method with a comparative analysis approach, this study maps the sequence of narrative functions to identify the similarities and differences in the fundamental structure of both fairy tales. The results show that both fairy tales adhere to Propp’s linear plot rules, beginning with the Initial Situation (α) and Absentation (β) due to the biological mother’s death then came the stepmother, and concluding with the Liquidation of Lack (K), Wedding (W), and Punishment (U). The main differences lie in three aspects. First, the conflict trigger in Schneewittchen is actively driven by the Villainy (A) narrative function, whereas Aschenputtel is driven passively through the Lack (a) function. Second, the variation of triplication in Schneewittchen occurs within the antagonist through the narrative functions of Reconnaissance (ϵ), Trickery (η), and Villainy (A), while in Aschenputtel, it occurs within the Hero character through the functions of Departure (↑), Hero’s Reaction (ϵ), and Receipt of a Magical Agent (F). Third, Aschenputtel experiences a function sequence shift (transposition) in the functions of Branding (J) and Return (↓), whereas the structure of Schneewittchen moves constantly. In conclusion, this study proves Propp’s view regarding the universality of the logical structure of fairy tales amidst the diversity of their motif manifestations.

Keywords: Grimm Brothers´ Fairy Tales, Narrative Functions, Vladimir Propp, Schneewittchen, Aschenputtel.

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