FOKALISASI POLLY DALAM FILM "DIE GÄNSEPRINZESSIN" KARYA FRANK STOYE

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study examines the focalization of the character Polly in the film  Die Gänseprinzessin by Frank Stoye, using Gérard Genette's (1980) narratology as the primary theory and Suzanne Keen’s (2006) narrative empathy theory as a supporting framework. This research aims to describe the forms of internal, zero, and external focalization that emerge through the knowledge relation between Polly and the viewer, and to explain the function of focalization in regulating information distribution and construction conflict throughout the film’s narrative. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a narrative analysis approach. Data consist of 41 narrative units purposively selected from the film’s dialogue transcripts and scenes, analyzed through observation, documentation, and literature review techniques. The findings show that fixed internal focalization centered on Polly dominates the film’s narrative structure (28 data units), with the film consistently restricting the viewer’s knowledge to Polly’s experience and awareness ( Viewer = Polly). This dominance remains stable across the palace phase, the escape phase, the revelation of Nepomuk’s identity, and the leadership constructing resolution phase. In addition, zero focalization was found in 11 data units, dramatic irony (Viewer > Polly), while external focalization appeared in 2 data units that display only characters’ outward actions without access to their consciousness (Viewer < Character). Polly’s focalization functions doubly as a mechanism for information distribution and as a constructor of individual, family, and social conflict, while also potentially opening space for cognitive and affective empathy as an additional narrative effect. This research extends the application of Genette's focalization theory to film without a verbal narrator through the operationalization of the formula Viewer = / > / < Polly.

Keywords: focalization, information distribution, narratology, Genette, narrative empathy 

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Stoye, F. (Sutradara). (2023). Die Gänseprinzessin [Film]. KIKA/ARD Mediathek. Diakses pada 15 Oktober 2025, dari https://www.ardmediathek.de/video/maerchen-in-der-ard/die-gaenseprinzessin/kika/Y3JpZDovL3N3ci5kZS9hZXgvbzE5NTUxNDQ