KOHESI GRAMATIKAL DALAM CERITA PENDEK KARYA WOLFGANG BORCHERT

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study aims to describe the forms of grammatical cohesion in three short stories by Wolfgang Borchert, namely Das Brot, Die Küchenuhr, and Nachts schlafen die Ratten doch. The study is motivated by the importance of grammatical cohesion in establishing textual coherence, so that the relationships between sentences can be understood clearly and coherently. This analysis utilises the theory of Beaugrande and Dressler (1981), which covers reference (pro-forms), ellipsis, conjunction, and tense. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach. The data consist of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences containing grammatical cohesion in the three short stories. Data collection involved reading, listening, and note-taking, followed by analysis through the identification and categorisation of forms of grammatical cohesion based on Beaugrande and Dressler's theory. The results show that four forms of grammatical cohesion reference, ellipsis, conjunction, and tense are found in all three stories. Reference is the most dominant form, particularly through pronouns and adverbs that maintain continuity of reference to characters, objects, time, and place. Ellipsis creates linguistic economy without reducing clarity of meaning, while conjunctions establish meaningful connections between clauses and sentences. Furthermore, the past tense (Präteritum) as the narrative tense dominates the storytelling, while the pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) indicates that an event occurred earlier. These findings demonstrate that grammatical cohesion is utilised consistently to establish referential, syntactic, and temporal coherence, ensuring that the narrative flow is cohesive, harmonious, and easy to understand.

Keywords: grammatical cohesion, text linguistics, Wolfgang Borchert, short stories, Beaugrande and Dressler

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Borchert, Wolfgang. 2012b. Nachts schlafen die Ratten doch.

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