GERBANG : Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Jerman
GERBANG: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Jerman merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang menerbitkan artikel hasil penelitian, kajian konseptual, dan tinjauan pustaka di bidang linguistik, sastra, dan budaya Jerman. Gerbang diterbitkan tiga kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan Maret, Juli, dan November oleh Program Studi S-1 Sastra Jerman, Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA). Sebelum diterbitkan, setiap naskah artikel ditelaah sesuai dengan kebijakan tim editorial. Artikel yang diterima dipublikasikan dengan sistem akses terbuka untuk mendukung desiminasi ilmu pengetahuan secara luas. *Untuk keperluan pengetikan nama jurnal ini bisa ditulis "Gerbang".
"LIEBE" DALAM INSTAPUISI JULIA ENGELMANN : KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE
This study aims to describe the signifier and signified of Liebe and examine the relationship between them in Julia Engelmann's Instapoetry based on Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic theory. The research data consist of Instapoetry posts from the Instagram account @_juliaengelmann containing the word Liebe. The study also focuses on revealing the meaning of Liebe as constructed through the relationship between its signifier and signified within the textual context of each Instapoetry. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using documentation and text analysis techniques. The analysis was conducted by identifying the primary signifier, describing the signifier and signified of Liebe, and examining the relationship between them. The findings reveal that the lexical signifier Liebe does not consistently produce the same signified; instead, its meaning varies according to the textual context of each Instapoetry. The relationship between the signifier and signified of Liebe represents various meanings of Liebe/love, namely (1) love as a positive value, (2) non-prioritized love, (3) unattainable love, (4) uncertain love, (5) love as a positive value, (6) memorable love, (7) new love, (8) eternal love, (9) uncertain love, and (10) love as a foundation of truth. These findings indicate that the meaning of signs in Instapoetry is contextual, as the relationship between the signifier and the signified is constructed through the linguistic structure of each poem. Keywords : Liebe, Signifier, Signified, Instapoetry References (Daftar Pustaka) Barzah, A. Z. D. A., & Abdul Muntaqim Al Anshory. (2022). Makna Cinta Dalam Lirik Lagu Bismillah Cinta Karya Sigit Purnomo: Analisis Semiotika Ferdinand De Saussure. Hasta Wiyata, 5(2), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.hastawiyata. 2022.005.02.07 Fatmawati, N. E. (2019). Aspek Citraan dan Bahasa Figuratif pada Buku Antologi Puisi “Suluk Nang, Ning, Nung” Karya Handoko F. Zainsam. Diskursus: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia, 2(1), 69–76. Febiola, D. I. (2022). Analisis Semiotik Puisi Das Göttliche Karya Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe. Kompetensi, 1(10), 837–844. https://doi.org/10.53682/kompetensi.v1i 10.3576 Ismail, N., Samsul Bahrain, & Aishah Humaira. (2022). Aesthetic Objectivism : Instapoetry ‘Dark Love’ through Lang Leav’s Poetry (2013-2016). Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 7(SI9), 83–87. https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI9.425 0 Julianto, I. R., & Umami, A. S. (2023). Simbol Waktu Dalam Puisi Tangan Waktu Dan Yang Fana Adalah Waktu Karya Sapardi Djoko Damono. Seulas Pinang: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, 5(1), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.30599/spbs.v5i1.2019 Lubis, F. W. (2019). Kemampuan Menulis Puisi Bebas Dengan Tema Nilai-Nilai Karakter Bangsa Mahasiswa Semester Genap 2017-2018 STKIP Budidaya Binjai. Jurnal Serunai Bahasa Indonesia, 16(1). Penke, N. (2023). Instapoetry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66834-4 Rahmawati, R., Jumadi, & Dwi Wahyu Candra Dewi. (2023). Gaya Bahasa Dalam Karya Sastra: Eksplorasi Estetika dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Penafsiran. Argopuro: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Bahasa, 1(4). Saksono, L., Suhartono, S., Kurniawati, W. (2025). Representation of Female Identity in Instapoetry: A Study of Works of German Female Poets on Instagram. Proceeding of International Joint Conference on UNESA, 2(2). Retrieved from https://proceeding.unesa.ac.id/index.php /pijcu/article/view/4452 Saksono, L., Suhartono, S., Kurniawati, W., Darni, D., Hardika, M., & Ningrum, P. S. W. (2026). Digital literature and the politics of healing: Leveraging instapoetry for good health and well-being (SDG 3) and gender equality (SDG 5). E3S Web of Conferences, 696, 03002. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/2026696 03002 Saussure, F. de. (1959). Course in General Linguistics (C. Bally & A. Sechehaye, Ed.). The Philosophical Library, Inc. Suge, F., Diva Kirana Gaga, & Ayu Hidayanti Ali. (2025). Analisis Semiotika Dalam Puisi “Tak Sepadan” Karya Chairil Anwar Menggunakan Teori Ferdinand De Saussure. Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Budaya, 15(2), 64–70. Talani, N. S., Sukarman Kamuli, & Gita Juniarti. (2023). Problem tafsir semiotika dalam kajian media dan komunikasi: Sebuah tinjauankritis. Bricolage. Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, 9(1), 103. https://doi.org/10.30813/bricolage.v9i1. 3407 Triyadi, S., & Nurhayati, E. (2021). Kesantunan Berbahasa Dalam Komentar Pembaca Berita. Judika (Jurnal Pendidikan Unsika), 9(2), 181–199. https://doi.org/10.35706/judika.v9i2. 5331
PELANGGARAN PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DALAM FILM DAS LEBEN DER ANDEREN KARYA FLORIAN HENCKEL VON DONNERSMARCK
This study aims to describe the violations of the Cooperative Principle that lead to the formation of conversational implicatures and to explain their functions in the film Das Leben der Anderen (2006) directed by Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck. The film depicts communication in the context of surveillance by the East German State Security (Stasi), where speakers often convey meanings indirectly to achieve particular communicative purposes. These interactions provide a rich source for pragmatic analysis. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The data consist of utterances containing conversational implicatures produced by the characters in the film. The data were collected through observation and note-taking techniques and analyzed using Grice's (1989) Cooperative Principle, Halliday's context of situation, and speech act theory to identify the functions of the resulting implicatures.The findings indicate that conversational implicatures are formed through violations of the maxims of quantity, quality, relation, and manner. Such violations allow speakers to communicate implied meanings that cannot be understood solely from the literal interpretation of their utterances but require consideration of the conversational context. Furthermore, the identified implicatures perform representative, directive, expressive, commissive, and declarative functions. The study concludes that violations of the Cooperative Principle serve as pragmatic strategies for expressing hidden intentions, maintaining interpersonal relationships, and conveying meanings effectively within the social and political context portrayed in the film.. Keywords: context, conversational implicature, Cooperative Principle, Discourse, Film. REFERENCES Bogdan, Robert C., & Knopp Biklen. (1982). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Bordwell, D., Thompson, K., & Smith, J. (2010). Film art: An introduction (Vol. 7). McGraw-Hill New York. Damaris, S. E., & Ridwan, A. (2024). Pelanggaran Prinsip Kerja Sama Dalam Humor Serial Konten Youtube Nicht Lachen. Grice, P. (1989). Studies in the Way of Words. Meibauer, J., Demske, U., Wolfgang, J., Pafel, J., Ramers, K., Rothweiler, M., & Steinbach, M. (2015). Einfuhrung in die germanitische Linguistik. Sudaryanto. (1993). Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa: Pengantar Penelitian Wahana Kebudayaan secara Linguistis. Thomas, J. (2013). Meaning in Interaction.
FUNGSI SINTAKSIS PREPOSISI "IN" DAN "AUF" PADA DONGENG "DAS KLEINE KÄNGURU UND SEINE FREUNDE" KARYA PAUL MAAR
This study presents a contrastive analysis of the syntactic functions of the German prepositions in and auf in the fairy tale Das kleine Känguru und seine Freunde by Paul Maar. As Wechselpräpositionen (two-way prepositions), both in and auf can govern either the Dative or the Accusative case depending on the sentence context, a duality that remains a persistent source of difficulty for learners of German. This study aims to (1) describe the syntactic functions of in and auf as Ergänzung (obligatory complement) and Angabe (optional adjunct), and (2) analyze the case-selection patterns of both prepositions based on their correlation with verbs. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, with data collected through a reading and note-taking technique from all twelve stories in the source text, yielding 208 data points containing in and auf. Data were analyzed through three stages: determining the grammatical case, identifying the syntactic function based on the theories of Helbig and Buscha (2001) and Engel's valency theory (1993) through three criteria (Notwendigkeitskriterium, Fragekriterium, and Verbgebundenheit), and conducting a contrastive analysis of case distribution, syntactic functions, and verb correlations. The findings reveal that both prepositions function as Ergänzung, comprising Situativergänzung, Direktivergänzung, and Präpositivergänzung, as well as Angabe, comprising Lokalangabe, Temporalangabe, and Modalangabe. The Dative case correlates with static-position verbs, whereas the Accusative correlates with motion verbs. The fundamental semantic distinction between the two prepositions lies in containment (in) and surface contact (auf). These findings are expected to contribute to concept-based teaching of Wechselpräpositionen. Keywords: syntactic function, in, auf, Wechselpräpositionen References Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (1998). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods (3rd ed.). Allyn and Bacon. Dusza, S. (2025). Wykorzystanie AI w dydaktyce języka niemieckiego: Na przykładzie zjawiska Wechselpräpositionen. Języki Obce w Szkole, (1), 111–124. https://doi.org/10.47050/jows.2025.1.111-124 Engel, U. (1993). Deutsche Grammatik. Julius Groos Verlag. Götze, L., & Hess-Lüttich, E. W. B. (1999). Grammatik der deutschen Sprache. Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag. Helbig, G., & Buscha, J. (2001). Deutsche Grammatik: Ein Handbuch für den Ausländerunterricht. Langenscheidt. Klingberg, G. (1973). Children's fiction in the hands of the translators. CWK Gleerup. Kridalaksana, H. (2008). Kamus linguistik (Edisi keempat). Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Maar, P. (1991). Das kleine Känguru und seine Freunde. Verlag Friedrich Oetinger. Maulero, R. F., Tomasouw, J., Serpara, H., & Nikijuluw, M. M. (2025). Preposisi an bahasa Jerman dan pemaknaannya dalam bahasa Indonesia. Indonesian Language Education and Literature, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.24235/ileal.v11i1.19946 Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications. Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G., & Svartvik, J. (1985). A comprehensive grammar of the English language. Longman. Suciahesti, f., & Santoso, I. (2024). Analisis frasa preposisi dengan modifikator in sebagai Ergänzungen dan Angaben dalam buku Mein Wunderschöner Schutzengel karya Kerstin Hermelink. Jurnal Linguistik Jerman, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/jclf.v1i1.89 Sudaryanto. (2015). Metode dan aneka teknik analisis bahasa: Pengantar penelitian wahana kebudayaan secara linguistis. Sanata Dharma University Press.
MORALITY OF THE CHARACTER SERGEANT RASMUSSEN IN THE FILM "UNDER SANDET"
This study examines the shift in moral values of the character Sergeant Carl Rasmussen in the film Under sandet (2015) by Martin Zandvliet through the perspective of Friedrich Nietzsche's genealogy of morals. The objective of this study is to describe Rasmussen's initial moral values toward German soldiers, identify the factors influencing the shift in his moral values, and analyze this shift using Nietzsche's framework of the genealogy of morals. The analysis method used is a descriptive qualitative method with a textual analysis approach. The data consists of scenes and dialogues in the film, as well as literature on Nietzsche's philosophy. The results show that at the beginning of the film, Rasmussen's moral values are rooted in slave morality (Sklavenmoral), arising from collective ressentiment due to the German occupation of Denmark. This manifests as a collective opposition between the Danish group and the German occupiers, without acknowledging the individual suffering of the prisoners. The shift in his moral values is driven by the intensity of personal interactions with the prisoners. Genealogically, Rasmussen's initial hatred constitutes Herkunft (a lineage of collective experience) rather than Ursprung (a fixed nature), and these personal interactions fracture the initial good–evil opposition based on group identity. Ultimately, Rasmussen's moral shift is an authentic transvaluation of values (Umwertung der Werte): he creates his own values from personal experience, rather than merely reversing good and evil between two collective groups Keywords: Genealogy of Morals, Nietzsche, Ressentiment, Transvaluation of Values, Under sandet References: Bordwell, D. (2016). Film art: an Introduction. New York: McGraw-Hill Education https://archive.org/details/filmartintroduct0000bord_j3o9/page/73/mode/1up Bertens, K. (2007). Etika. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Cahyanto, D. W. (2023). Moralitas menurut Friedrich Nietzsche: Eksplorasi "mentalitas budak". Proceedings of The National Conference on Indonesian Philosophy and Theology, 1(2), 83–92. https://doi.org/10.24071/snf.v1i2.8372 Hukmi, R. (2015). Asal-usul dan Akhir Moralitas dalam Pemikiran Friedrich Nietzsche. Jurnal Cogito, 2(2). Kant, I. (2022). Dasar-dasar Metafisika Moral (Robby, Trans). Yogyakarta: Insight Reference Martínez, M., & Scheffel, M. (1999). Einführung in die Erzähltheorie. C.H. Beck. Minderop, Albertine. (2005). Metode Karakterisasi Telaah Fiksi. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia Moleong, L. J. (2016). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif, Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya Nietzsche, F. (2007). On the genealogy of morality (K. Ansell-Pearson, Ed.; C. Diethe, Trans.). Cambridge University Press. Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. (2018). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Pranowo, Y. (2017). Genealogi Moral Menurut Foucault dan Nietzsche: Melintas, 33(1), 52–69. Ratna, N. K. (2004). Teori, Metode, dan Teknik Penelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values, New York: Free Press. Trianton, T. (2013). Film Sebagai Media Belajar. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu. Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (1949). Theory of Literature. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company. Wibowo, A. S. (2007). Gaya filsafat Nietzsche. Yogyakarta: PT Kanisiu
KONFLIK SOSIAL ANTAR TOKOH PADA DONGENG KARYA DOERTE MUELLER
Literary works reflect social reality and the conflicts of human life. Modern fairy tales function not only as a form of entertainment but also as social documents that portray the dynamics of interpersonal relationships and the social environment. This study aims to describe the forms of external conflict among characters in three fairy tales by Dörte Müller, namely Der goldene Umhang, Isabella und der reißende Fluss, and Lisa und die Fee. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method using the sociology of literature approach based on the perspectives of René Wellek and Austin Warren. The conflict analysis is based on Burhan Nurgiyantoro's theory of conflict. The research data consist of narrative passages and dialogues among characters that explicitly or implicitly contain elements of external conflict. Data were collected through intensive reading and note-taking techniques, while data analysis was conducted by categorizing the collected data. The findings reveal 10 instances of social conflict manifested through interactions among characters, including quarrels, oppression, domination, conflicting interests, and bullying. Specifically, (1) in Der goldene Umhang, social conflict is manifested in marital disputes between Jochen and Klara, triggered by differences in life perspectives and economic conditions; (2) in Isabella und der reißende Fluss, social conflict is reflected in acts of oppression, exploitation, and restrictions on Isabella's freedom; and (3) in Lisa und die Fee, social conflict is represented through verbal and nonverbal bullying committed by Hannes against Lisa both inside and outside the school environment. This study demonstrates that Dörte Müller's modern fairy tales successfully represent contemporary social conflicts, including dissatisfaction in married life, exploitation, and bullying. References Ahmad, Pana Pramulia dan Zulkifli Pramudya Ahmad. (2025). Konflik Sosial Dalam Novel Yang Telah Lama Pergi Perspektif Lewis A. Coser Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pembelajarannya (JBSP), 15(1), 134-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbsp.v15i1.22128 Rahmayani, Alya, Fransisca S. O. Dedi, Dian Permanasari (2023). Analisis Konflik Internal Dan Eksternal Dalam Novel Laut Bercerita Karya Leila S. Chudori. Warahan: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 5(1), 171-180. https://eskripsi.stkippgribl.ac.id/index.php/warahan/article/view/665 Ara, Siti dkk (2025). Exploration of the Value and Meaning of Local Wisdom in the Fairy Tale “Mentiko Batuah.” International Journal of Multilingual Education and Applied Linguistics, 2(2), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.61132/ijmeal.v2i2.316 Haslinda (2022). Teori Sastra. Makassar: Penerbit Lpp Unismuh Makassar. Henze, Maximilian. (2024). Märchen als Computerspiel - Die Verwendung, Inszenierung und Transformation märchenhafter Stoffe und Erzählstrukturen in Brothers: A Tale of Two Sons, The Path und The Wolf Among Us. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32391.82080 Mariani, Lisa, Muhammad Yakob, dan Muhammad Taufik Hidayat. (2020). Analisis Konflik Dalam Novel Kura-Kura Berjanggut Karya Azhari Aiyub. Jurnal Samudra Bahasa, 4(1), 1-10. https://ejurnalunsam.id/index.php/JSB/article/view/3328 Muchtar, Nurrizati dan Roza Muchtar. (2023). Diskriminasi Gender Dalam Novel 5 Kelopak Mawar Berbisa Karya Ria Jumriati Dan Novel Kapak Karya Dewi Linggasari: Kritik Sastra Feminis. Literasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah, 13(1), 26–43. https://doi.org/10.23969/literasi.v13i1.6695 Müller, Dörte. 2018. Lisa und die Fee: Feengesichten. Jerman: BookRix. Nugroho, Bayu Aji, Eka Pratiwi Sudirman dan Sartika Dewi Max. (2023). Patriarchal Reconstruction In Perempuan Keumala By Endang Moerdopo: A Study Of Horney’s Theory Of Psycho-Feminism. CaLLs (Journal of Culture, Arts, Literature, and Linguistics), 9(1), 171-184. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/calls.v9i1.12121 Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 2002. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Universitas Gajah Mada. Prasetyo, M Rizki, Yuliana Ismiyati dan Sari Yustiana. (2025). Peran Dongeng dalam Membangun Literasi Anak di Sekolah Dasar. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpm.2025.7-14 Pratama, Alvin dkk. (2024). Strategi Interaksi Sosial Dalam Membangun Harmoni Antar Etnis Oleh Masyarakat Etnis Tionghoa Di Komplek Asia Mega Mas Medan. Jurnal Ilmiah Dinamika Sosial, 8(1), 23–39. https://doi.org/10.38043/jids.v8i1.5021 Putri, R. N., & Parnaningroem, R. R. D. W. (2025). Konflik Sosial Tokoh Michael dalam Novel Der Vorleser karya Bernhard Schlink. IDENTITAET, 14(3), 59-68.https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/gerbang/article/view/75619/53762 Safitri, Arnan dan Meli Safitri. (2025). Konflik Sosial dalam Dongeng La Belle Et La Bete Karya Jeanne Marie Leprince De Beaumont. https://journal.fib.uho.ac.id/index.php/leparis/article/view/3261 Siregar, Seftiara Prestia dan Azizah Siregar. (2023). Perbandingan Unsur Penokohan dan Alur Dalam Dongeng “Aschenputtel” Karya Brüder Grimm dan Dongeng “Bawang Merah dan Bawang Putih” Kajian Sastra Bandingan. 3(1), 16–25. https://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/brila/article/view/35689 Stanton, Robert. 1965. Teori Fiksi. Terjemahan Sugihastuti & Rossi Abi Al Irsyad. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Pustaka Pelajar. Sugiyono. 2022. Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Penerbit Alfabeta Bandung. Warren, Austin Warren dan Wellek Warren. 2014. Teori Kesusastraan. Terjemahan Melani Budianta. Jakarta: Pt. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Widaswari, Ni Made, I Nyoman Adi, dan Dewa Gede Bambang Erawan. (2022). Analisis Sosiologi Karya Sastra Dalam Novel “Dia, Tanpa Aku” Karya Esti Kinasih: Kajian Sosiologi Pengarang Dan Sosiologi Sastra. https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/jipbsi/article/view/5105
GAYA HIDUP URBAN DALAM FILM "BETONRAUSCH" (2020) KARYA CÜNEYT KAYA
ABSTRACT This study examines the representation of urban lifestyle in the characters of the film through a film narrative approach, Stuart Hall’s representation theory, and Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of capital. This study aims to identify how narrative elements, language, and signs in the film represent urban lifestyle through economic capital, cultural capital, and social capital in Viktor’s character. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data analysis techniques through the identification of storylines, dialogues, character actions, properties, and social interactions presented in the film. The results show that Viktor’s urban lifestyle is represented through the development of the storyline, which illustrates changes in identity, the achievement of social status, property ownership, the use of false documents, social relationships, and involvement in economic and administrative systems. Through language and signs, the film constructs representations of how individuals build identities and obtain social positions within an urban environment. This study demonstrates that urban lifestyle in the film is not only represented through material aspects but also through individual strategies in constructing identity, utilizing social relations, and adapting to existing social structures. Keywords: representation, urban lifestyle, film, narrative structure. References Ardiansyah, F., & Kurniawati, W. (2025). Representasi Kehidupnan Remaja Pada Tokoh Maik Dalam Film Tschick Karya Fatih Akin. Bogdan, Robert C., & Knopp Biklen. (1982). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Bordwell, D., Thompson, K., & Smith, J. (2010). Film art: An introduction (Vol. 7). McGraw-Hill New York. Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural Representation and Signifying Practices. Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Voigtländer, M. (2012). The Stability of the German Housing Market. Waffel, M. (2008, May 28). Why the Global Housing Market Boom Bypassed Germany. Der Spiegel. (https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/real-estate-doldrums-why-the-global-housing-market-boom-bypassed-germany-a-552901.html?sara_ref=re-xx-cp-sh,
KONFLIK MENDEKAT-MENJAUH PADA TOKOH HUI BUH DALAM FILM "HUI BUH UND DAS HEXENSCHLOSS" KARYA SEBASTIAN NIEMANN
ABSTRACT This research examines the inner conflict experienced by Hui Buh, the main character of the German fantasy-comedy film “Hui Buh und das Hexenschloss” (2022) directed by Sebastian Niemann, using Kurt Lewin’s conflict theory and three-stage change model as the analytical framework. The problems addressed in this research are: (1) what forms of inner conflict does the character Hui Buh experience? and (2) how are those conflicts resolved? This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a documentation technique, namely repeated viewing of the film, marking dialogue and scenes that indicate inner conflict, then analyzing them based on Lewin's (1951) concepts of driving force and restraining force. The findings show that all seven instances of inner conflict experienced by Hui Buh belong to the approach-avoidance conflict category, while no approach-approach or avoidance-avoidance conflict was found. The conflict stems from the tension between Hui Buh's personal ambition to become the most terrifying ghost, his fear of witches, and his responsibility toward the people he loves. This research also finds that the resolution of Hui Buh's inner conflict occurs through three stages of Lewin's change model, consisting of one unfreezing datum, one moving datum, and two refreezing data, showing that Hui Buh's self-awareness develops into concrete action until his new behavior becomes stable and is accepted by his social environment. Keywords: inner conflict, approach-avoidance conflict, Lewin's change theory, Hui Buh. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abrams, Meyer Howard dan Geoffrey Galt Harpham. 2009. A Glossary of Literary Terms. Edisi ke-9. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Afifi, Muhammad Khairul Al-' dan Raden Roro Dyah Woroharsi Parnaningroem. 2025. "Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama dalam Film Im Westen Nichts Neues Karya Edward Berger: Analisis Psikologi Sastra." Journal Gerbang, 14(2015). Burnes, Bernard. 2004. "Kurt Lewin and the Planned Approach to Change: A Re-appraisal." Journal of Management Studies,41(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2004.00463. Bustami, Muhammad Al Al. 2017. Konflik Tokoh Utama dalam Roman Das Erste Mal und Immer Wieder Karya Lisa Moos: Kajian Strukturalisme. Yogyakarta: Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Creswell, John W. dan Cheryl N. Poth. 2018. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Edisi ke-4. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. Lewin, Kurt. 1951. Field Theory in Social Science: Selected Theoretical Papers. London: Polity Press. Mojo, Box Office. 2023. Hui Buh und das Hexenschloss. Tersedia pada: https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt14176696/ Niemann, Sebastian. 2022. Hui Buh und das Hexenschloss. Burbank: Warner Bros. Pictures. Tersedia pada: https://www.primevideo.com/detail/Hui-Buh-und-das-Hexenschloss/0SHAFPV5VDHR50JOZDO1O6XT5L Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 2002. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Ohler, Peter dan Gerhard Nieding. 2002. "Kognitive Filmpsychologie zwischen 1990 und 2000." Dalam Jörg Sellmer dan Hans Jürgen Wulff (Ed.), Film und Psychologie – nach der kognitiven Phase? Marburg: Schüren Verlag. Ryan, Michael. 2012. An Introduction to Criticism:Literature–Film–Culture. Edisi ke-1. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Sari, Aulia Indah, Indrya Mulyaningsih, dan Tri Nuryanto. 2023. "Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama dalam Film Hope Menggunakan Pendekatan Psikologi Sastra." Magistra Andalusia: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.25077/majis.4.2.108.2022 Subtitle Film Hui Buh und das Hexenschloss. 2022 https://www.subtitlecat.com /subs/467/Hui.Buh.Und.Das.Hexenschloss.2022.720p.html Wellek, René dan Austin Warren. 2014. Teori Kesusastraan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
ALUR FILM "DIE GÄNSEPRINZESSIN" BERDASARKAN TEORI TIGA BABAK
This study aims to describe and analyze the plot structure in the film Die Gänseprinzessin (2022) based on Syd Field’s Three-Act Structure theory. This 60-minute television film in the family fantasy genre was chosen as the research object because it presents a clear and well-organized narrative structure suitable for structural analysis. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with content analysis technique. Data were collected through repeated viewing of the film and note-taking on important scenes related to the plot development. The primary data were obtained directly from the film and analyzed using Field’s Three-Act Structure theory, which divides the story into three main acts: Act I (Setup), Act II (Confrontation), and Act III (Resolution). The analysis focuses not only on the internal structure of each act but also on the relationship and continuity between the acts in building a unified and meaningful plot. Special attention is given to key elements such as the inciting incident, Plot Point I, midpoint, Plot Point II, climax, and resolution. The findings reveal that Die Gänseprinzessin has successfully applied the three-act structure. Act II is the longest and most dominant part, serving as the core of conflict development through various complications and rising action. The relationship between the three acts runs logically and coherently, creating effective dramatic tension despite the film’s relatively short duration. Overall, the film demonstrates that even in a limited runtime, a well-structured plot can build strong emotional engagement and deliver a satisfying resolution for the audience. Keywords: Plot structure, Three-Act Structure, Syd Field, Die Gänseprinzessin References: Asri, R. (2020). Membaca film sebagai sebuah teks: analisis isi film “nanti kita cerita tentang hari ini (nkcthi)”. Jurnal Al Azhar Indonesia Seri Ilmu Sosial, 1(2). Bordwell, D., Thompson, K., & Smith, J. (2021). Film art: An introduction. New York: McGraw-Hill. Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. Field, S. (2005). Screenplay: The Foundations of Screenwriting. New York: Delta Publishing. Hadirahardja, E. A., & Santyaputri, L. P. (2020). Perancangan Struktur Cerita Film Pendek "Dipethuk". Prosiding Konferensi Mahasiswa Desain Komunikasi Visual (KOMA DKV). Kristianto, B. R. D., & Goenawan, A. O. (2021). Analisis Struktur Naratif Tiga Babak Film Story of Kale. Komunikologi: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Komunikasi Dan Sosial. Kurniawati, W., Rahman, Y., Saksono, L., Karim, A., & Julaikah, D. I. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Sastra dan Bahasa. Surabaya: PT Revka Petra Media. McKee, Robert. (1997). Story: Substance, Structure, Style, and the Principles of Screenwriting. New York: ReganBooks. Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif (Edisi revisi). PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Nurgiyantoro, B. (2018). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Pratiwi, M. R., & Aulia, Y. (2020). Analisis Naratif sebagai Kajian Teks Pada Film. Jurnal Penelitian Pers Dan Komunikasi Pembangunan, 24(2), 518979. Putra, A., & Manesah, D. (2025). Penerapan Plot Linear Dalam Membangun Suspense Pada Film “Sosok” Menggunakan Struktur 3 Babak. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 5(4). Snyder, Blake. (2005). Save the Cat! The Last Book on Screenwriting You'll Ever Need. Studio City: Michael Wiese Productions. Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta. Yasa, G. P. P. A. (2021). Analisis unsur naratif sebagai pembentuk film animasi bul. Jurnal SASAK: Desain Visual dan Komunikasi, 3(2).
The Indirect Characteristics of the Character Marwood in the Play Miss Sara Sampson
This study aims to describe the characteristics of the character Marwood in the drama Miss Sara Sampson by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. This study is motivated by the complexity of the character Marwood as an antagonist who has a strong psychological conflict and is not described directly by the author, but through dialogue and interaction between characters. The study uses Albertine Minderop's characterization theory (2011) with a focus on indirect characterization. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The research data source is the drama manuscript Miss Sara Sampson (1755) by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. The research data are in the form of dialogue excerpts that show the characteristics of the character Marwood. Data collection techniques are carried out through intensive reading, recording, and classifying data based on indirect characterization categories. Data analysis techniques are carried out by describing and interpreting data based on Minderop's characterization theory. The results of the study show that the characteristics of the character Marwood are built through 37 dialogue excerpts analyzed using indirect characterization. The data consists of 11 action and behavior data, 15 vocabulary data, and 10 other character reaction data.
STRUKTUR NARATIF DALAM DONGENG GRIMM BERSAUDARA "DIE KLUGE ELSE" DAN "LÄUSCHEN UND FLÖHCHEN": KAJIAN FUNGSI NARATIF VLADIMIR PROPP
ABSTRACT This study examines the narrative structure of two folktales from the Brothers Grimm collection, namely Die Kluge Else and Läuschen und Flöhchen, by applying Vladimir Propp's narrative structure theory, which focuses on character functions and spheres of action. These two folktales were purposively selected because they represent two different folktale genres, namely the humorous (comic) tale and the cumulative tale, thereby enabling an examination of the consistency of Propp's framework across genres within the same Brothers Grimm collection. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data consisting of sentences from the original German texts collected through documentation and note-taking techniques and subsequently analyzed through eight systematic stages. The findings reveal that not all of Propp's thirty-one character functions and seven spheres of action are fully represented in the two folktales. Die Kluge Else exhibits the highest number of character functions and spheres of action, comprising twenty-one character functions and two spheres of action, whereas Läuschen und Flöhchen contains the fewest, with eight character functions and one sphere of action. These findings demonstrate that the number of character functions and spheres of action is not necessarily directly proportional but rather depends on the characteristics of the folktale genre and the distribution of character roles within each tale. Furthermore, the findings reaffirm the flexibility and relevance of Propp's structural framework in accommodating the diversity of genres found in the Brothers Grimm folktale collection. Keywords: Grimm Brothers' Fairy Tales, Character Functions, Spheres of Action, Narrative Structure. References: Danandjaja, J. (1984). Folklor Indonesia: ilmu gosip, dongeng dan lain-lain. In Grafiti Pers (hal. 231). https://books.google.co.id/books?id=dtciAAAAMAAJ Dundes, A. (1980). Interpreting Folklore. In Indiana University Press (hal. 304). https://books.google.co.id/books?id=g195nUPUC6gC Fatimah, M. (2017). Analisis Dongeng “Schneeweibchen Und Rosenrot” dan “Jorinde Und Joringel” Dari Kumpulan Dongeng Die Marchen Der Bruder Grimm (Kajian Struktur Naratif Vladimir Prop). Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. https://eprints.uny.ac.id/53528/ Grimmstories.com. (2021). Der Fuchs und das Pferd – Brüder Grimm. Grimmstories.com. https://www.grimmstories.com/de/grimm_maerchen/der_fuchs_und_das_pferd Grimmstories.com. (2022). Die kluge Else – Brüder Grimm. Grimmstories.com. https://www.grimmstories.com/de/grimm_maerchen/die_kluge_else Grimmstories.com. (2023). Die sieben Raben – Brüder Grimm. Grimmstories.com. https://www.grimmstories.com/de/grimm_maerchen/die_sieben_raben Grimmstories.com. (2024). Läuschen und Flöhchen – Brüder Grimm. Grimmstories.com. https://www.grimmstories.com/de/grimm_maerchen/lauschen_und_flohchen Haase, D. (2008). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales. In Greenwood Press (hal. 1160). https://books.google.co.id/books?id=AVKLzQEACAAJ Kasim, U., Kasim, R., Lantowa, J., & Limbanadi, Y. (2022). Struktur Naratif Cerita Rakyat Gorontalo “Bapak Tua.” Cakrawala Indonesia, 7(1), 41–49. https://jurnal.umsrappang.ac.id/index.php/cakrawala/article/view/630 Luthi, M. (1987). The fairytale as art form and portrait of man. In Indiana University Press (Vol. 420). https://iupress.org/9780253204202/the-fairytale-as-art-form-and-portrait-of-man/ Propp, V. (2015). Morphology of the Folktale, edited with an introduction by Svatava Pirkova-Jakobson, translated by Laurence Scott. In Martino Publishing. https://archive.org/details/morphologyoffolk0000prop Putri, K. P. I., & Parnaningroem, D. W. (2018). Struktur Naratif Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp Dalam Dongeng Die Zertanzten Schuhe Karya Brüder Grimm. Universitas Negeri Surabaya. https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/identitaet/article/view/23661/21635 Situmorang, S. A., Purba, L., & Simanjuntak, T. A. (2024). nAnalisis Struktur Naratif Vladimir Propp Dalam Dongeng “Dornröschen” Dan “Schneewittchen” Dari Kumpulan Dongeng Die Märchen Der Brüder Grimm. Inovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(5), 5267–5288. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i5.15625 Stefani, R., & Kurniawati, W. (2021). Analisis Fungsi Narasi Vladimir Propp dalam Kumpulan Dongeng Karya Brüder Grimm. Identitaet, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.26740/ide.v10n2.p94-104 Tatar, M. (2004). The Annotated Brothers Grimm. In W.W. Norton (hal. 462). https://books.google.co.id/books?id=6gX-hNshMJEC Kurniawati, W., Kartika, A., Titaley, A., Prameswari, C., & Andini, E. (2023). Fairy tales in German lesson. In S. Setiawan et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Arts and Humanities 2022 (IJCAH 2022) (ASSEHR Vol. 724, pp. 1843–1850). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-008-4_199 Zipes, J. (2012). The irresistible fairy tale: The cultural and social history of a genre. In The Irresistible Fairy Tale. Princeton University Press. https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781400841820/html
FOKALISASI POLLY DALAM FILM "DIE GÄNSEPRINZESSIN" KARYA FRANK STOYE
ABSTRACT This study examines the focalization of the character Polly in the film Die Gänseprinzessin by Frank Stoye, using Gérard Genette's (1980) narratology as the primary theory and Suzanne Keen’s (2006) narrative empathy theory as a supporting framework. This research aims to describe the forms of internal, zero, and external focalization that emerge through the knowledge relation between Polly and the viewer, and to explain the function of focalization in regulating information distribution and construction conflict throughout the film’s narrative. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a narrative analysis approach. Data consist of 41 narrative units purposively selected from the film’s dialogue transcripts and scenes, analyzed through observation, documentation, and literature review techniques. The findings show that fixed internal focalization centered on Polly dominates the film’s narrative structure (28 data units), with the film consistently restricting the viewer’s knowledge to Polly’s experience and awareness ( Viewer = Polly). This dominance remains stable across the palace phase, the escape phase, the revelation of Nepomuk’s identity, and the leadership constructing resolution phase. In addition, zero focalization was found in 11 data units, dramatic irony (Viewer > Polly), while external focalization appeared in 2 data units that display only characters’ outward actions without access to their consciousness (Viewer < Character). Polly’s focalization functions doubly as a mechanism for information distribution and as a constructor of individual, family, and social conflict, while also potentially opening space for cognitive and affective empathy as an additional narrative effect. This research extends the application of Genette's focalization theory to film without a verbal narrator through the operationalization of the formula Viewer = / > / < Polly. Keywords: focalization, information distribution, narratology, Genette, narrative empathy References: Amelia, L., & Sumadiria, A. H. (2024). Analisis naratif film Budi Pekerti. Annaba: Jurnal Ilmu Jurnalistik, 9(4), 483–502. Azza, N. N., Solihin, I., & Khomisah, K. F. (2024). Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Fokalisasi perundungan dalam film Madrasatur-Rawaby Lil Banat karya Tima Shomali: Kajian naratologi Gérard Genette. Humanities, 8(3), 2971–2987. Bal, M. (2017). Narratology: Introduction to the theory of narrative (4th ed.). University of Toronto Press. Chatman, S. (1978). Story and discourse: Narrative structure in fiction and film. Cornell University Press. Genette, G. (1980). Narrative discourse: An essay in method (J. E. Lewin, Trans.). Cornell University Press. Intania, R. P. (2022). Fokalisasi pada novel Tentang Kamu karya Boy Chandra (Kajian naratologi Gérard Genette). Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 5(2), 89–101. Kurniawati, W., Rahman, Y., Saksono, L., Karim, A., & Julaikah, D. I. (2013). Metodologi penelitian sastra dan bahasa. Surabaya: PT Revka Petra Media Keen, S. (2006). A theory of narrative empathy. Narrative, 14(3), 207–236. https://doi.org/10.1353/nar.2006.0015 Prajahita, R., Mustikawati, T., & Pungkiawan, R. (2023). Fokalisasi dalam film Parasite: Kajian naratologi. Jurnal Kajian Sastra dan Film. Stoye, F. (Sutradara). (2023). Die Gänseprinzessin [Film]. KIKA/ARD Mediathek. Diakses pada 15 Oktober 2025, dari https://www.ardmediathek.de/video/maerchen-in-der-ard/die-gaenseprinzessin/kika/Y3JpZDovL3N3ci5kZS9hZXgvbzE5NTUxNDQ
KOMPARATIF FUNGSI NARATIF VLADIMIR PROPP PADA "SCHNEEWITTCHEN" DAN "ASCHENPUTTEL"
This study aims to compare the narrative structure of the fairy tales Schneewittchen and Aschenputtel from the Brüder Grimm collection (Kinder- und Hausmärchen) by using Vladimir Propp’s morphology of the folktale theory. Utilizing a qualitative method with a comparative analysis approach, this study maps the sequence of narrative functions to identify the similarities and differences in the fundamental structure of both fairy tales. The results show that both fairy tales adhere to Propp’s linear plot rules, beginning with the Initial Situation (α) and Absentation (β) due to the biological mother’s death then came the stepmother, and concluding with the Liquidation of Lack (K), Wedding (W), and Punishment (U). The main differences lie in three aspects. First, the conflict trigger in Schneewittchen is actively driven by the Villainy (A) narrative function, whereas Aschenputtel is driven passively through the Lack (a) function. Second, the variation of triplication in Schneewittchen occurs within the antagonist through the narrative functions of Reconnaissance (ϵ), Trickery (η), and Villainy (A), while in Aschenputtel, it occurs within the Hero character through the functions of Departure (↑), Hero’s Reaction (ϵ), and Receipt of a Magical Agent (F). Third, Aschenputtel experiences a function sequence shift (transposition) in the functions of Branding (J) and Return (↓), whereas the structure of Schneewittchen moves constantly. In conclusion, this study proves Propp’s view regarding the universality of the logical structure of fairy tales amidst the diversity of their motif manifestations. Keywords: Grimm Brothers´ Fairy Tales, Narrative Functions, Vladimir Propp, Schneewittchen, Aschenputtel. References: Bausinger, H. (1984). Zu Sinn und Bedeutung der Märchen. Tübingen: Universität Tübingen. Berghammer, F. (2020). Darstellungsformen der Frauenrolle im Märchen: Eine Analyse aus typologischer, erzähltheoretischer und genderkritischer Sicht anhand ausgewählter Texte der Brüder Grimm und Bettina von Arnim [Masterarbeit, Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg]. Salzburg, Austria. Danandjaja, J. (1984). Folklor Indonesia : ilmu gosip, dongeng, dan lain lain. Pustaka Utama Grafiti. Grimm, J., & Grimm, W. (n.d.). Aschenputtel. Grimmstories.com. https://www.grimmstories.com/de/grimm_maerchen/aschenputtel Grimm, J., & Grimm, W. (n.d.). Schneewittchen. Grimmstories.com. https://www.grimmstories.com/de/grimm_maerchen/schneewittchen Guðmundsdóttir, S. (2011). Was steckt hinter und in dem Grimmschen Märchen [B.A.-Bericht]. Reykjavík: Háskóli Íslands. Haokip, N. (2024). Psychoanalytische Interpretation der Märchen "Aschenputtel". TIJER - International Journal of Engineering Research, 11(10), 1-5. Kurniawati, W., Kartika, A., Titaley, A., Prameswari, C., & Andini, E. (2023). Fairy tales in German lesson. Dalam S. Setiawan et al. (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Arts and Humanities 2022 (IJCAH 2022) (Vol. 724, hlm. 1843–1850). Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-008-4_199 Lundquist-Mog, A. (2012). Märchenhaft: Unterrichtsvorschläge rund um das Thema Märchen. München: Goethe-Institut e.V. Luthi, M. (1986). ̈ The European Folktale: Form and Nature (J. D. Niles, Trans.). University Press of Kentucky. Ningrum, D. K. S., & Zein, T. T. (2024). Struktur Naratif Vladimir Propp dalam Cerita Rakyat Si Pitung Jagoan Betawi. Sintaksis: Jurnal Lintas Mata Pelajaran, 1(2). Nurgiyantoro, B. (2004). Sastra anak: Persoalan genre. Humaniora, 16(2), 107-122. Propp, V. (1968). Morphology of the folktale (2nd ed.). University of Texas Press. Putri, K. P. I. & Parnaningroem, D. W. (2018). Struktur naratif Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp dalam dongeng Die Zertanzten Schuhe karya Brüder Grimm. Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Situmorang, S. A., Purba, L., & Simanjuntak, T. A. (2024). Analisis struktur naratif Vladimir Propp dalam dongeng “Dornröschen” dan “Schneewittchen” dari kumpulan dongeng Die Märchen Der Brüder Grimm. INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(5), 5267-5288. Stefani, R. (2021). Analisis Fungsi Naratif Vladimir Propp Dalam Kumpulan Dongeng Karya Brüder Grimm [Skripsi]. Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Edisi Ke-2). Alfabeta. Wernle, C. I. (2013). Stereotypien des Weiblichen in den Märchen der Gebrüder Grimm [Masterarbeit, Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt]. Klagenfurt, Austria. Zipes, J. (2012). Fairy tales and the art of subversion (2nd ed.). Routledge.
ADAPTASI UNSUR INTRINSIK DALAM EKRANISASI NOVEL "DER VORLESER" KARYA BERNHARD SCHLINK KE FILM "THE READER" KARYA STEPHEN DALDRY
Film adaptation involves transforming a literary work into a cinematic medium, requiring adjustments due to the different characteristics of both media. These adjustments often result in changes to intrinsic elements, including characterization, setting, and plot. This study aims to describe the forms of adaptation applied to these elements in the transformation of Bernhard Schlink’s novel Der Vorleser into Stephen Daldry’s film The Reader. The data sources include the novel Der Vorleser, the film The Reader, and the German subtitle transcription, while the research data consist of textual excerpts and film scenes showing adaptation changes. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method using the simak-catat (observation and note-taking) technique. Data analysis is conducted through a comparative approach based on Eneste’s (1991) adaptation theory of reduction, addition, and variation, as well as Nurgiyantoro’s (2013) theory of intrinsic elements. The findings reveal that the adaptation process applies three strategies: reduction, addition, and variation. Reduction is the dominant strategy, primarily used to achieve narrative efficiency due to film duration limitations. Meanwhile, addition and variation serve as creative adjustments to strengthen characterization, clarify settings, and enhance visual storytelling. These transformations demonstrate that film adaptation is not merely a process of transferring a narrative from one medium to another, but rather an act of reinterpretation aimed at creating a more engaging and effective cinematic experience while preserving the essence of the original work. Keywords: film adaptation, intrinsic elements References: Eneste, P. (1991). Novel dan Film. Flores: Nusa Indah. Harjito. (2005). Sastra dan Manusia: Teori dan Terapannya. Semarang: Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni IKIP PGRI Semarang. Nurgiyantoro, B. (2013). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Pratiwi, H. D. (2019). Kajian Ekranisasi Dongeng Hänsel und Gretel Karya Brüder Grimm dan Film Hänsel and Gretel Karya Uwe Janson. IDENTITAET. Schlink, B. (1997). Der Vorleser. Zürich: Diogenes Verlag.
CHARACTER ARC TOKOH KARL DALAM FILM DIE LIEBESKÜMMERER (2024) KARYA SHIREL PELEG
This study discusses the character development of Karl in the film Die Liebeskümmerer (2024) by Shirel Peleg. The aim of this study is to describe Karl’s character development and to analyze the factors that influence his character development. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data consint of dialogues and scenes from the film. The data are analyzed using K.M. Weiland’s (2016) Character Arc theory and Boggs & Petrie’s (1996) film structure theory. The results show that Karl experiences a positive character arc through the stages of exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. At the beginning of the film, Karl is potrayed as a rational, skeptical, and defensive person toward emotional involvement, because of his past experience (lie ghost), which create a lie belief that love only brings pain and the loss of freedom. Karl’s interaction with Maria and his emotional experiences during the counseling process encourage him to reflect on his beliefs. At the end of the film, Karl becomes more open about his feelings, is willing to accept emotional risks and has the courage to express his love and commitment. This study concludes that Karl’s character development is built through a structured narrative process and is influenced by conflict and social relationships. Keywords: character development, character arc, K.M. Weiland, Die Liebeskümmerer. References Arp, T., & Johnson, G. (2008). Perrine’s Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense. https://www.academia.edu/2539110/Literature_Structure_sound_and_sense Boggs, J. M., & Petrie, D. W. (1996). The Art of Watching Film. Bordwell, D., Thompson, K., & Smith, J. (2010). Film art: An introduction (Vol.7). McGraw-Hill New York. Chatman, S. B. (1978). Story and Disource: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Fim. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259833523_Story_and_Discourse_Narrative_Structure_in_Fiction_and_Film_by_Seymour_Chatman Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2017). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative. https://sk.sagepub.com/hnbk/edvol/the-sage-handbook-of-qualitative-research-design/chpt/18-being-creative-with-resources-qualitative-research#_ Dunlop, W. L., Harake, N., & Wilkinson, D. (2020). Romantic Heartbreak: Prevalence, Personality Traits, and Personal Stories. https://doi.org/10/1111/pere.12353 Jarrot, S. E., Gozali, T., & Gigliotti, C. M (2008). Montessori Programming for Persons with Dementia in the Group Setting: An Analysis of Engagement and Affect. https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301207085370 Mathews, P. G. (2018). It Must Be Love: An Exploration of The Character Arc Moden in Screenwriting Practice and Theory. Bournemouth University. https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/31468/9/MATHEWS%2C%20Philip%20Guy_Ph.D._2018_ch%201%202%204.pdf Petrie, D. W., & Boggs, J. M. (1996). The Art of Watching Films. Poerwadarminta. (1985). Sastra dan Budaya di Perguruan Tinggi: Prosiding. Rizal. (2014). Nilai Moral Bangsa Jepan Jin dalam Film Sayonara Bokutachi No Youchien (Kajian Semiotika John Fiske). https://elibrary.unikom.ac.id/id/eprint/2165/ Weiland, K. M. (2016). Creating Character Arcs. Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (1956). Theory of Literature.
The NEULOGISM IN ADIDAS ADVERTISEMENT PAGE
This research discusses the use of neologism in Adidas advertisements. The purpose of this research is to describe the forms of neologism contained in Adidas advertisements. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data sources in the form of words, phrases, and product names found in Adidas advertisements in digital media and the official Adidas website. The theory used in this study is the neologism theory according to Shchipitsina (2009) and the word formation theory according to George Yule (2010). Data collection techniques are carried out through a documentation study by observing and recording words that contain neologism elements in Adidas advertisements. The data was then analyzed based on the type and process of word formation. The research results show that there are several types of neologisms in Adidas advertisements, namely compounding, blending, acronym, borrowing, coinage, and derivation. The most dominant form of neologism used is compounding and blending. Some examples of neologism found include "Ultraboost", "Adizero", "Climacool", "Runfalcon", and "NMD". The use of neologism in Adidas advertising has the function of attracting consumer attention, building brand identity, creating a modern and innovative impression, and strengthening global marketingstrategies. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the neologism in Adidas advertisements not only serves as a language variation, but also as an effective persuasive communication strategy in the modern world of advertising and marketing.
THE USE OF THE TRANSPOSITION TRANSLATION TECHNIQUE FOR GERMAN NOUN PHRASES IN "NADI MAGAZINE", VOLUME 28, 2021
This study aims to describe the use of the transposition translation technique for German noun phrases in Indonesian in NADI Magazine, Volume 28, 2021. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data sources consisting of bilingual articles in German and Indonesian published in the magazine. The research data consist of noun phrases that underwent transposition during the translation process. Data collection was conducted using the documentation technique, while data analysis was based on Catford’s (1965) theory of translation shifts, which includes class shift, structure shift, unit shift, and intra-system shift. The results of the study indicate that all of these shift categories were found in the translation of noun phrases. Structural shift was the most dominant type due to differences in phrasing patterns between German—which tends to use an attributive pattern where the attribute (atribute) precedes the head (kern)—and Indonesian, which uses a pattern where the head of the noun phrase comes first and is then modified by its attributes. In addition, shifts in grammatical category, shifts in units resulting from the translation of German compound words into Indonesian phrases, and intra-system shifts related to the number system were also identified. These findings indicate that the technique of transposition plays a crucial role in producing translations that are accurate, natural, and consistent with the rules of the target language. Keywords: transposition, noun phrases, German, Indonesian. References: Catford, J. C. (1965). A Linguistic Theory of Translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Chaer, A. (2015). Sintaksis bahasa Indonesia: Pendekatan proses. Rineka Cipta. Engel, U. (1996). Deutsche Grammatik. Heidelberg: J. Groos. Fitria, T. N. (2021). Translation technique of English to Indonesian in literary texts. Journal of English Language Teaching and Literature, 4(1), 45–52. Helbig, G., & Buscha, J. (2018). Deutsche Grammatik: Ein Handbuch für den Ausländerunterricht. Langenscheidt. Kridalaksana, H. (2008). Kamus Linguistik. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Moleong, Lexy J. (2012). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Molina, L., & Hurtado Albir, A. (2002). Translation techniques revisited: A dynamic and functionalist approach. Meta: Translators’ Journal, 47(4), 498–512. https://doi.org/10.7202/008033ar Nababan, M., Nuraeni, A., & Sumardiono. (2019). Pengembangan model penilaian kualitas terjemahan. Kajian Linguistik dan Sastra, 24(1), 39–57. Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation. Hertfordshire: Prentice HaH International vUIO Ltd. Putrawan, G. E. (2021). Translation techniques and translation competence. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(2), 667–684. 41 Ridwan, Agus. (2017). Stilistika Bahasa Jerman. Universitas Negeri Malang: Penerbit IKIP Malang. Sneddon, J. N. (2012). Indonesian reference grammar. Allen & Unwin. Vinay, J. P., & Darbelnet, J. (1958). Comparative stylistics of French and English. John Benjamins. Widyastuti, R. (2020). Analisis struktur frasa nomina dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Jerman. Jurnal Linguistik Terapan, 10(2), 120–134.
"SATZMETAPHER" DALAM LAGU DU KARYA PETER MAFFAY
ABSTRACT This study aims to describe the forms and meanings of sentence metaphor (Satzmetapher) found in the lyrics of the song Du by Peter Maffay. The song Du, released in 1970 and which became a number-one hit in Germany, was selected as the object of this study because it contains the strongest theme of the totality of love compared to the other songs in the album Für das Mädchen, das ich liebe, in which the beloved is frequently identified directly with abstract concepts such as "everything" and "purpose of life". This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with documentation and reading-note-taking techniques used for data collection, as well as the interactive analysis model of Miles et al. (2013), which refers to the stylistic theory of Aurnhammer et al. (in Ridwan, 2017). The findings reveal three instances of Satzmetapher in the song Du: "Du bist alles, was ich habe auf der Welt", "Ich lebe nur noch für dich", and "Ich hab' ein Ziel und dieses Ziel bist Du". These three data show that sentence metaphor is formed through a combination of several sentence elements that reinforce one another, thereby producing a complete figurative expression that cannot be reduced to a single word or phrase. These findings confirm that Satzmetapher functions as the primary means of portraying love as the center of the lyrical subject's existence, while also reinforcing the view that sentence metaphor plays a distinctive role in expressing emotional experiences that are total and comprehensive in nature. Keywords: Satzmetapher, stylistic References: Kumala, Y. H., & Saksono, L. (2021). Metafora dalam Album Jetzt Erst Recht oleh Lafee. Surabaya, 10(02), 9. Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (2003). Metaphors We Live By.pdf (p. 129). Lexy J Moleong. (2021). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. PT: Remaja Rosdakarya. Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. SAGE Publications. Richards, I. A. (1936). The Philosophy of Rhetoric. Oxford University Press. Ridwan, A. (2017). Stilistika Bahasa Jerman. Malang: UM Press. Sudaryanto. (1993). karya ilmiah 2 template sltn (2). 1–219. Sugiyono, P. D. (2019). metode penelitian pendidikan (kuantitatif, kualitatif, kombinasi, R&D dan penelitian pendidikan). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan, 67, 18. Zeitzeugen : Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte. (n.d.). Retrieved February 9, 2026, from https://hdbg.eu/zeitzeugen/detail/bayern-in-den-1960er-jahren/peter-maffay/2105
REPRESENTASI AKTOR DALAM WACANA KONFLIK ISRAEL-GAZA PADA ARTIKEL BERITA DEUTSCHE WELLE ‘ISRAEL BEREITET VERSCHÄRFUNG DER GAZA-ANGRIFFE VOR’: ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS
ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the representation of actors in Deutsche Welle's news article ‘Israel bereitet Verschärfung der Gaza-Angriffe vor’ by applying Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework. This study applied a qualitative approach using a single news article published on May 4, 2025, as the primary data source. Data were collected through documentation and analyzed at three levels: macrostructure, microstructure, and social cognition, focusing on thematic organization, schematic structure, lexical choices, syntactic patterns, rhetorical strategies, local coherence, and the relationship between discourse and its socio-political context. The findings reveal that actor representation is constructed through discursive strategies that reflect particular ideological perspectives rather than neutral reporting. At the macrostructural level, the article frames Israel's military escalation as a legitimate response to security threats, while at the microstructural level Israel is predominantly represented through institutional and technical language that reinforces its legitimacy, whereas Hamas is consistently portrayed using negatively charged lexical expressions emphasizing violence and barbarity. Furthermore, humanitarian representation is asymmetrical, as Israeli civilian suffering is described in greater detail and evokes empathy, whereas Palestinian civilian casualties are more frequently presented through passive constructions, omission of agency, and less personalized descriptions. From the perspective of social cognition, these discursive patterns are closely associated with Germany's Staatsräson doctrine, which functions as a shared ideological framework influencing journalistic practices. Overall, the study demonstrates that actor representation emerges from the interaction of textual structures, social cognition, and socio-political context, thereby reproducing ideological positions and power relations within international media discourse. Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, The Representation of Actors, Deutsche Welle, Gaza, Israel. REFERENCES Deutsche Welle. 2025. "Israel bereitet Verschärfung der Gaza-Angriffe vor". (Online), (https://www.dw.com/de/israel-bereitet-versch%C3%A4rfung-der-gaza-angriffe-vor/a-72428845, diakses 27 Juni 2025). Deutscher Bundestag. (2023, November 30). Entstehung, Wandel und Entwicklung des Staatsräson-Begriffs in Deutschland. Wissenschaftliche Dienste, (Online), (https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/984994/b6599ace70df398d643cc9e584d29caf/WD-1-024-23-pdf.pdf, diakses 18 April 2026). Kartika, A. D. 2014. "Strategi penyusunan wacana Der Spiegel: Studi Kasus pada dua teks berita tentang awal Revolusi Mesir 2011". Tesis Tidak Diterbitkan. Depok: Ilmu Linguistik FIB UI. Van Dijk, Teun A. (1988). News As Discourse. University of Amsterdam. Van Dijk, Teun A. (2006). Politics, Ideology, and Discourse. Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
KONSTRUKSI MAKNA PASCAPERANG DALAM CERPEN WOLFGANG BORCHERT
This study examines the representation of post-war life in five short stories by Wolfgang Borchert, namely Das Brot, Die Küchenuhr, Nachts schlafen die Ratten doch, Die drei dunklen Könige, and An diesem Dienstag. The research employs Stuart Hall’s theory of representation, which views representation as a process of constructing meaning through language, signs, and cultural codes rather than as a direct reflection of reality. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and literary text analysis, the data consist of narrative excerpts, dialogues, symbols, settings, and characters’ actions that function as signifying practices. The analysis is conducted by identifying the relationship between sign, concept, and meaning in each datum. The findings reveal that post-war life is represented through six dominant patterns of meaning: food scarcity, psychological trauma, loss, social destruction, moral shifts, and solidarity and hope. These categories are analytical classifications developed by the researcher based on recurring representational patterns and are not concepts proposed by Stuart Hall. The study also demonstrates that ordinary objects, domestic spaces, and everyday actions are transformed into cultural signs whose meanings are constructed through the historical and socio-cultural context of post-war Germany. Consequently, Borchert’s short stories represent post-war life not merely by depicting historical events but by constructing cultural meanings concerning suffering, survival, humanity, and collective memory through interconnected signifying practices. These findings reinforce Hall’s argument that meaning is culturally produced through representation rather than inherently embedded in objects or events. Keywords: representation, Stuart Hall, post-war life, Wolfgang Borchert, Trümmerliteratur. Abrams, M. H., & Harpham, G. G. (2005). A glossary of literary terms (9th ed.). Cengage Learning. Barker, C., & Jane, E. A. (2016). Cultural studies: Theory and practice (5th ed.). Sage. Beutin, W., Ehlert, W., & Haasis, H. G. (2001). Deutsche Literaturgeschichte: Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. J. B. Metzler. Chandler, D. (2007). Semiotics: The basics (2nded.). Routledge. Farras, M. G., & Kurniawati, W. (2022). Elipsis dalam cerpen-cerpen karya Wolfgang Borchert. Identitaet https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/identitaet/article/view/48609 Fulbrook, M. (2008). A concise history of Germany (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. Sage Publications. Jens, W. (Ed.). (1996). Wolfgang Borchert. In Kindlers Neues Literatur-Lexikon (Vol. 2, pp. 927–928). Kindler Verlag. Keraf, G. (1984). Diksi dan gaya bahasa. Gramedia. Kurniawati, W., Rahman, Y., Saksono, L., Karim, A., & Julaikah, D. I. (2013). Metodologi penelitian sastra dan bahasa. PT Revka Petra Media. Metzler. (2007). Metzler Literatur Lexikon: Begriffe und Definitionen (3., völlig neu bearb. Aufl.). J. B. Metzler. Nurgiyantoro, B. (2018). Teori pengkajian fiksi. Gadjah Mada University Press.
METAFORA KONSEPTUAL DALAM BERITA POLITIK "DEUTSCHE WELLE" KARYA CRISTOPH HASSEL BACH
Language in news texts does not merely function to convey facts, but also serves as a means of framing reality to make it more comprehensible to readers, and one method frequently employed to achieve this is metaphor. In cognitive linguistics, metaphor is understood not merely as a linguistic ornament but as a mode of thinking that helps humans comprehend abstract concepts through other, more familiar concepts, and it is this cognitive function of metaphor that becomes the central concern of the present study. This research examines the conceptual metaphors found in Deutsche Welle political news texts written by journalist Christoph Hasselbach, with two main research questions: first, what forms do conceptual metaphors take in these political news texts, and second, what meanings are contained within those metaphors. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to describe both the forms and the meanings of conceptual metaphors used in the news texts under analysis. The data sources consist of five political news articles obtained from the official Deutsche Welle website, published between 2025 and 2026, namely "Nach einem Jahr Trump droht der transatlantische Bruch," "G20-Gipfel in Afrika ohne Trump, Xi und Putin, aber mit Merz," "Deutschlands Flirt mit Indien," "Deutschlands Außenpolitik 2026," and "Deutschland setzt im Streit mit Trump auf die Hilfe Melonis." The data were collected through a note-taking observation technique before being analyzed using Lakoff and Johnson's (2003) Conceptual Metaphor Theory to determine both the types and the meanings of the metaphors present in the texts. The findings of this study reveal that there are fifteen instances of conceptual metaphors identified in the analyzed news texts, encompassing structural, ontological, and orientational metaphors. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that metaphors in political news texts function not merely as stylistic choices but as cognitive tools that help readers understand political issues in ways more closely connected to their everyday experiences. Keywords: conceptual metaphor, cognitive linguistics, political news, Deutsche Welle Agiftia Alya Luthfiani, W. K. (2024). Metafora Konseptual dalam Lagu-Lagu Namika E-Journal Identitaet , Volume 13 , Nomor 2 , Tahun 2024. Akbar, M. R., & Yunanfathur, R. (2016). Metafora Lakoff dan Johnson dalam Surat Kabar BILD Muhamad Rizal Akbar Yunanfathur Rahman. E-Jurnal Identitaet, 5(3), 1–14. Alfandi, H. (2021). Pengantar Jurnalistik (Haryanto (ed.)). CV. Bildung Nusantara. Dewi, N. A. (2021). Analysis of Conceptual Metaphors in Deutsche Welle Newspaper based on the Perspective of Linguistic Relativity. 11(2), 136–152. Elena, S. (2008). Metaphor in Discourse. Cambridge University Press. Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing : Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm. 43(4). Hardiani, D., & Sholihat, H. (2022). Gaya Bahasa dalam Antologi Puisi Perjamuan Khong Guan Karya Joko Pinurbo Kajian Stilistika. 1(4). Keraf, G. (1991). Keraf Diksi Dan Bahasa. Jakarta. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama (p. 127). Lakoff & Johnson. (2003). Metaphors we live by . London : The university of Chicago press . In Journal of Philosophy. Payzidinovna, S. M., & Johnson, M. (2024). The Analysis of Metaphors in Media. 2(12), 69–71. Spencer, M. L. (2009). The Project Gutenberg eBook of News writing. D. C. Heath & Co. Wati, kurnia, K. (2022). Makna Ungkapan Metaforis Lirik Lagu Dalam Album Feelings Tahun 2022. Widiasri, F. S., & Nur, T. (2021). Metafora Konseptual Dalam Rubrik Teknologi Koran Elektronik Kompas. Kajian Linguistik Dan Sastra, 5(2), 137–144. https://doi.org/10.23917/kls.v5i2.11057 Nach einem Jahr Trump droht dertransatlantische Bruch https://p.dw.com/p/56w1k Deutschland setzt im Streit mit Trump auf die Hilfe Melonis https://p.dw.com/p/57BUb Deuschlands Flirt mit Indien https://p.dw.com/p/513Ou Deutschlands Außenpolitik 2026: Die Suche nach Orientierung https://p.dw.com/p/55E3K G20-Gipfel in Afrika ohne Trump, Xi und Putin, aber mit Merz https://p.dw.com/p/53vvZ
INTROVERT THINKING SEBAGAI TIPE KEPRIBADIAN DOMINAN TOKOH JOSEF K. DALAM NOVEL "DER PROZESS" KARYA FRANZ KAFKA
Literary psychology is an approach that examines the psychological dimensions of their behavior, thoughts, and emotions. Frans Kafka’s Der Prozess presents Josef K. as a protagonist with a complex psychological condition, making the novel relevant for personality analysis. This study aims to identify the personality type of Josef K. based on Carl Gustav Jung’s personality typology. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a literary psychology approach. The data source was the German novel Der Prozess by Franz Kafka. Data were collected using the reading and note-taking technique by identiying quaotations the reflected Josef K.’s personality traits. The collected data were analyzed through data reduction, data classification according to Jung’s personality indicators, data interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed 81 data representing introverted personality types. The dominant personality type was Introverted Thinking with 50 data, followed by Introverted Feeling (13 data), Introverted Sensing (12 data), and Introverted Intuition (6 data). The dominance of Introverted Thinking indicates that Josef K. predominantly responds to situations through logical reasoning, critical analysis, and internal reflection rather than emotional expression or external influence. These findings demonstrate that Jung’s personality typology provides an effective framework for understanding the psychological complexity of literary characters and contributes to the development of literary psychologi studies, particulary in the analysis of character personality in literary works. Keywords: Literary Psychology, Carl Gustav Jung, Introvert Thinking, Der Prozess. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Aminuddin. 2015. Pengantar Apresiasi Karya Sastra. Bandung: Sinar Baru Algesindo. Amral S., &. S. 2022. Bahasa, Budaya dan Realitas Budaya dalam Sastra. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 22. Endraswara, Suwardi. 2013. Metodologi Penelitian Psikologi Sastra. Yogyakarta: MedPress. Feist, Gregory J., Jess Feist. 2021. Theories of Personality (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Ghosh, B. 2024. Absurdity of Law and Order: An existentialist reading of Franz Kafka's The Trial. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 150-157. Goebel, Rolf. J. 2002. The Cambridge Companion to Kafka: The exploration of the modern city in The Trial. Cambridge University Press. Jung, Carl Gustav. 1971. Psychological Types. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Kafka, F. 1925. Der Prozess. Berlin https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/69327/pg69327-images.html Malik, e. a. 2022. Trial by Franz Kafka. Tasdiq. Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 2019. Teori pengkajian fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Putri, V. A. (2022). Tipe Kepribadian Tokoh Sena dalam Novel Podcast Karya Kara Thani: Kajian Psikoanalisis Carl Gustav Jung. Piktorial. Rahma, A. 2017. Sosok Franz Kafka melalui tokoh utama Josef K dalm erzählung Der Prozess: Sebuah pendekatan ekspresif. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Ratna, Nyoman Kutha. 2013. Teori, metode, dan teknik penelitian sastra. Pustaka Pelajar. Sembiring, Renni Handayani. 2018. Kepribadian Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Negeri Para Bedebah Karya Tere Liye Kajian Psikoanalisis Carl Gustav Jung. Transformatika: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 157-172.
BENTUK ORKESTRASI BUNYI DALAM PUISI INSTAGRAM KARYA @_JULIAENGELMANN
Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis bentuk orkestrasi bunyi serta pola nada dalam puisi Instagram (Instapoetry) karya @_JuliaEngelmann. Menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan stilistika, penelitian ini berfokus pada unsur fonik teks. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa asonansi dan aliterasi merupakan elemen dasar pembentuk harmoni yang secara mutlak digunakan. Guna mempertegas makna, penyair juga memanfaatkan repetisi leksikal, anafora, serta epifora, tanpa melibatkan unsur onomatope sama sekali. Perpaduan unsur-unsur tersebut bermuara pada dominasi pola efoni (bunyi merdu) yang dibangun melalui konsonan nasal dan vokal terbuka untuk menciptakan ruang keintiman psikologis. Sebaliknya, pola kakofoni (bunyi kasar) sangat jarang muncul, dan hanya disisipkan secara taktis untuk merepresentasikan ketegangan emosi. Secara keseluruhan, orkestrasi bunyi dalam karya Engelmann tidak sekadar berfungsi estetis, melainkan beroperasi sebagai instrumen psikologis yang memfasilitasi pemulihan batin dan kesehatan mental bagi pembacanya.
SKEMA "AKTAN" DAN MODEL FUNGSIONAL A.J. GREIMAS DALAM CERPEN-CERPEN HEINRICH VON KLEIST
ABSTRACT Heinrich von Kleist’s short stories arrange psychological pressure, social conflict, and the pursuit of justice through intricate relations among characters and forces that drive their actions. This study aims to describe the actantial schemes and functional models that construct the narrative structures of Das Bettelweib von Locarno, Der Findling, Der Zweikampf, Das Erdbeben in Chili, and Die heilige Cäcilie. A qualitative descriptive design was employed using A. J. Greimas’s structural narratology. The data consisted of German-language quotations, dialogue, and narrative passages drawn from the five stories in the digital collection Ausgewählte Schriften. Data were collected through close reading, note-taking, and literature study, then classified according to six actantial positions, that is subject, object, sender, receiver, helper, and opponent and five functional stages comprising the initial situation, qualifying test, main test, glorifying test, and final situation. The analysis identified 37 units, including 32 actantial schemes and five functional models. Twenty-four actantial schemes contained all six positions, whereas eight lacked an explicit position. Der Zweikampf produced the most complex pattern with nine actantial schemes, while the other stories contained five or six. Despite variations in actantial completeness, each story displayed a continuous functional movement from the initial condition through transformation to a final condition. The findings demonstrate that Kleist’s narratives are organized not merely by individual characters but by changing functions, values, social pressures, supernatural forces, and conflicts that occupy actantial positions. Greimas’s framework therefore clarifies both interfunctional relations and the transformation of conflict across the five stories. Keywords: actantial scheme, functional model, narrative structure, short story References: Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif (P. Rapanna, Ed.). CV. Syakir Media Press. Afrilla, T., Permadi, T., & Adi Nugroho, R. (2025). Skema aktan dan struktur fungsional A.J. Greimas dalam cerita rakyat Riau “Si Umbut Muda Gelang Banyak.” Jurnal Genre (Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pembelajarannya), 7(1), 42–55. https://doi.org/10.26555/jg.v7i1.10645 Arminingsih, Y. (2022). Analisis Novel Karya Anshela Kajian: Strukturalisme A.J. Greimas. Greimas, A. Julien. (1987). On meaning : selected writings in semiotic theory. University of Minnesota Press. Kurniawati, W., Rahman, Y., Saksono, L., Karim, A., & Julaikah, D. I. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Sastra dan Bahasa. PT Revka Petra Media. Rahayu, E. (2024). Analisis Naratif Model Aktan pada Karakter Film Oppenheime. Universitas Bina Sarana Informatik. Rasyid, F. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif: Teori, Metode, dan Praktek. IAIN Kediri Press. Rimawan, I., Purba, A., & Oktaviana, K. (2020). Cara Mudah Menulis Cerpen: Bahan Ajar untuk Tingkat SMA Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Guepedia. Schleifer, R. (1987). A J . Greimas and the nature of meaning: linguistics, semiotics and discourse theory (Vol. 23). Croom Helm Ltd. Stanton, R. (1965). An Introduction to Fiction. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Suwarno, A. K. D. (2012). Analisis Struktural Pada Novel Sirah! Karya A.Y. Suharyono Dan Pembelajarannya di SMA. Universitas Muhamadiyah Purworejo. Suwondo, T. (2011). Studi Sastra Konsep Dasar Teori dan Penerapannya pada Karya Sastra. Gama Media. Taum, Y. Y. (2011). Studi Sastra Lisan: Sejarah, Teori, Metode dan Pendekatan disertai Contoh Penerapannya (cet. 1). Lamera. Umami, E. A. (2023). Actant and Functional Scheme of Greimas in the Short Story Wa Kanat Al-Dunya By Taufiq Al-Hakim. Islah: Journal of Islamic Literature and History, 4(2), 129–146. https://doi.org/10.18326/islah.v4i2.307 Wellek, R. ., & Warren, Austin. (1994). Theory of literature. Harcourt Brace & Company. Wicaksono, H., & Utari, N. (2024). Penulisan Kreatif Sastra: Puisi, Cerpen, dan Drama. PT. Literasi Nusantara Abadi Grup.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN SEMANTIS SEBAGAI PEMBENTUK KOHESI PADA RUBRIK "DEIN SPIEGEL"
ABSTRACT Semantic relations constitute one of the cohesion devices that establish textual coherence by connecting lexical units and maintaining the continuity of meaning across a text. This study aims to analyze semantic relations as a means of creating lexical cohesion in the Mein Beruf – Jobs für Kinder erklärt category of the Dein Spiegel section on the Der Spiegel online news portal. This research employed a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The data consisted of lexical units indicating semantic relations collected through documentation techniques. The data were classified according to the semantic relations proposed by Linke, Nussbaumer, and Portmann (2004) and analyzed based on the forms and functions of lexical cohesion. The findings revealed a total of 61 instances of semantic relations functioning as lexical cohesion, comprising 42 instances of recurrence and 19 instances of substitution. Recurrence was realized through complete and partial repetition of lexical items, whereas substitution was realized through synonymy, hyponymy, hypernymy, and metaphor. The findings further indicate that recurrence maintains topic continuity by repeating lexical items referring to the same referent, while substitution preserves textual coherence through semantically related lexical variations without disrupting the continuity of meaning. This study is expected to contribute to the development of research on semantic relations as a means of creating lexical cohesion in German texts and serve as a reference for future studies on text linguistics using different linguistic data sources. Keywords: lexical cohesion, semantic relations, recurrence, substitution, Dein Spiegel. Reference: Abidin, S. (2024). Pengantar Jurnalistik Indonesia. https://upbpress.upbatam.ac.id Chaer, Abdul. (2014). Linguistik umum. jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Dianing, A., Pujosusanto, A., & Herawanto, B. (2018). Konferensi Linguistik Tahunan Atma Jaya 16. Dijk, T. A. van. (1997). Discourse as structure and process. SAGE. Halliday, M. A. K. ., & Hasan, Ruqaiya. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman. Jen, Y. A. G., & Saksono, L. (2023). Penanda Kohesi pada Artikel Bertema Digitalisasi dalam Majalah Nadi. Kridalaksana, Harimurti. (1993). Kamus Linguistik. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Linke, A., Nussbaumer, M., & Portmann, P. R. (2004). Studienbuch Linguistik. M. Niemeyer. Nurjanah, S. D., & Rahman, Y. (2022). Analisis Kohesi Leksikal Dalam Majalah Nadi Edisi Vol. 28 2021. Romli, A. S. M. (2018). Jurnalistik Online. Sinambela, S. I., Nurlela, & Zein, T. T. (2021). The Study of Lexical Cohesion on Germany Prime Minister’s Speech Angela Merkel. Asian Social Science and Humanities Research Journal (ASHREJ), 3(1), 82–87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37698/ashrej.v3i1.65 SPIEGEL-Verlag. (2009). Nachwuchs für den SPIEGEL: „Dein SPIEGEL“ erscheint monatlich. Spiegel Group. https://gruppe.spiegel.de/news/pressemitteilungen/detail/nachwuchs-fuer-den-spiegel-dein-spiegel-erscheint-monatlich Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D.
DEIKSIS TEMPORAL "VORZEITIGKEIT" DALAM TEKS BERITA "DEUTSCHE WELLE"
ABSTRACT Pragmatics is the study of linguistics that views an utterance in relation to its context, not merely its literal meaning (Yule, 1996). Within pragmatics, deixis is a linguistic phenomenon whose meaning depends on the situation of utterance (Lehmann, 2013), one type of which is temporal deixis, whose meaning depends on the utterance's reference point, or origo. Temporal deixis has three categories, one of which is Vorzeitigkeit, events that precede the origo or have already occurred before the utterance. This study examines the forms and meanings of Vorzeitigkeit in five German-language news texts from the Deutsche Welle portal published in 2024 - 2025, using a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through documentation techniques and analyzed through identification, determination of the Jetzt-Origo, classification, and contextual analysis. The results show that Vorzeitigkeit is the most dominant category found in the news texts, realized through three types. The Implicit type, marked by verb forms such as Präteritum (wurde aufgeteilt), Perfekt (hat versucht), and Plusquamperfekt (hatte blockiert), is the most frequent, proving the texts convey past-time information more often through the Tempus system than through explicit words. The Explicit type is marked by lexical markers such as in der Vergangenheit and kürzlich, while the Combination type, a novelty of this study, is marked by both markers occurring together, as in vergangenen Jahr accompanied by gekratzt hat. Most Vorzeitigkeit markers are referential, such as kürzlich, while some are anaphoric, such as in den Jahren zuvor, referring back to a previously mentioned event rather than the Jetzt-Origo. Keywords: Temporal Deixis, Vorzeitigkeit, Deutsche Welle, Jetzt-Origo References DAFTAR PUSTAKA Bühler, K. (1982). Sprachtheorie. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Caple, H., & Bednarek, M. (2013). Delving into the Discourse: Approaches to News Values in Journalism Studies and Beyond. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. Creswell, J. W., & Guetterman, T. C. (2019). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (6th ed.). Pearson. Deutsche Welle. (2024). "EU: Dilemma bei Nickelproduktion in Indonesien." Diakses 18 November 2025, dari https://www.dw.com/de/eu-dilemma-bei-nickelproduktion-in-indonesien/a-69705309 Deutsche Welle. (2025). "3. Oktober: 5 Fakten zum Tag der Deutschen Einheit." Diakses 30 Oktober 2025, dari https://www.dw.com/de/tag-der-deutschen-einheit-2025-1990-berlin-mauerfall-wiedervereinigung-deutschland-ddr-brd/a-74204805 Deutsche Welle. (2025). "Gen Z erhebt sich: Globale Proteste unter Piratenflagge." Diakses 21 November 2025, dari https://www.dw.com/de/gen-z-proteste-korruption-machtmissbrauch-soziale-ungerechtigkeit-v1/a-74205670 Deutsche Welle. (2025). "Oktoberfest 2025 in München startet – Rekord beim Bierpreis." Diakses 15 Oktober 2025, dari https://www.dw.com/de/oktoberfest-m%C3%BCnchen-wann-wiesn-bierpreise-preise-ma%C3%9F-liter-bier-theresienwiese-sicherheit-v4/a-74009240 Deutsche Welle. (2025). "Südkorea will zweite Amtszeit für Präsidenten möglich machen." Diakses 12 Oktober 2025, dari https://www.dw.com/de/suedkorea-will-zweite-amtszeit-f%C3%BCr-praesidenten-moeglich-machen-verfassung-lee-jae-myung-v2/a-74132918 Kartika, A. D. (2016). Citra Pengungsi dan Pencari Suaka di Jerman: Studi Kasus Pada Forum Komentar Pembaca Surat Kabar Online Zeit. International Seminar Language Maintance and Shift (LAMAS) 6, 38–44. Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University in Collaboration with: Balai Bahasa Jawa Tengah. Kartika, A. D. (2016). Citra Pengungsi dan Pencari Suaka di Jerman: Studi Kasus Pada Forum Komentar Pembaca Surat Kabar Online Zeit. International Seminar Language Maintance and Shift(LAMAS) 6, 38–44. Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University in Collaboration with: Balai Bahasa Jawa Tengah. https://eprints.undip.ac.id/55623/1/PROCEEDING_OF_INTERNATIONAL_SEMINAR__LAMAS_6._Ajeng_Dianing_Kartika.pdf Lehmann, C. (2013). Grundbegriffe der Linguistik. Diakses dari https://www.christianlehmann.eu/ling/elements/?open=deixis.inc Purwono, P. Y. (2021). Deiksis Spasial dan Temporal dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Berbahasa Jerman Karya Raphael Herzog. Metahumaniora, 11(2), 159–171. https://doi.org/10.24198/metahumaniora.v11i2.34671 Rahman, Y. (2017). Bentuk dan Fungsi Deiksis Temporal dalam Bahasa Jerman dan Bahasa Indonesia. Journal Deutsch als Fremdsprache in Indonesien. Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta. Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
BENTUK DEHUMANISASI TERHADAP PRAJURIT DI FILM "IM WESTEN NICHTS NEUES (2022)"
ABSTRACT Dehumanization is the act of treating individuals by stripping them of their human attributes. Dehumanization is divided into two forms: animalistic dehumanization and mechanistic dehumanization. This study aims to analyze the forms of dehumanization represented in the film Im Westen nichts Neues (2022). The film depicts the impact of war on humanity through the experiences of young German soldiers at the end of World War I. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach using content analysis of scenes, dialogue, and visual elements that demonstrate dehumanization practices. Data were analyzed by identifying forms of dehumanization based on Nick Haslam’s (2006) theory, and data were collected through observation and documentation techniques. The results indicate that mechanistic dehumanization is more dominant than bestial dehumanization. The dominance of mechanistic dehumanization suggests that individuals in the study are more frequently treated as tools, objects, or machines whose existence is evaluated solely based on their function and utility. This study concludes that the film Im Westen nichts Neues (2022) portrays war as a system that systematically strips away human values and transforms people into instruments of political and military interests. Keywords: Dehumanization, Forms of dehumanization, Animalistic dehumanization, Mechanistic dehumanization. References: Al-Afifi, M. K., & Parnaningroem, R. R. (2025). KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH UTAMA DALAM FILM "IM WESTEN NICHTS NEUES" KARYA EDWARD BERGER: ANALISIS PSIKOLOGI SASTRA. IDENTITAT : Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra Jerman, 14(2), 12-21. Allberlinanda, S. (2022). Dehumanisasi Tokoh Sari dalam Novel Perempuan Bersampur Merah karya Intan Andaru. Jurnal Penelitian, Pendidikan, dan Pembelajaran, 17(9). Bastian, B., & Haslam, N. (2011). Experiencing dehumanization: Cognitive and emotional effects of everyday dehumanization. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 33(4), 295-303. Burhan, N. (2009). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada. Choiriyah, F. N. (2024). Dehumanisasi Pada Tokoh Rea dan Fara Dalam Web Series My Nerd Girl 2022 (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang). Endraswara, Suwardi. (2008). Metode Penelitian Psikologi Sastra. Yogyakarta: Media Pressindo. Haslam, N. (2006). Dehumanization: An Integrative Review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(3), 252-264. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr1003_4 (Original work published 2006). Haslam, N., & Loughnan, S. (2014). Dehumanization and Infrahumanization. Annual review of psychology, 65(1), 399-423. Karantzas, G. C., Simpson, J. A., & Haslam, N. (2023). Dehumanization: Beyond the Intergroup to the Interpersonal. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 32(6), 501-507. https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214231204196 (Original work published 2023). 55 Pebrianti, N. P. (2022). Dehumanisasi Pandangan Sigmund Freud Tentang Manusia: Analisis Tafsir al-Azhar Buya Hamka (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu). Pötzsch, H. (2024). Guilt and Grievability at War: Military Accountability and the Other in Mark of Cain and Battle for Haditha. Journal of War & Culture Studies, 17(2), 138-153. Sugiyono, (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: CV Alfabeta. Utoyo, M. G., & Witarti, D. I. (2019). Representasi Patriotisme Dalam Film Dokumenter Apocalypse: The Second World War II. Jurnal Pantarei, 3(4), 1-9. Westwell, G. (2019). Peace Cinema: Religious Pacifism and Anti-War Sensibility in Friendly Persuasion (1956). Open Screens, 2(1), 1. Zhang, H., Chan, D. K-S., Xia, S., Tian, Y., & Zhu, J. (2017). Cognitive, Emotional, and Motivational Consequences of Dehumanization. Social Cognition, 35(1), 18–39. DOI: 10.1521/soco.2017.35.1.18
REPRESENTASI KETIMPANGAN SOSIAL DALAM SERIAL "MAXTON HALL" MELALUI PERSPEKTIF BOURDIEU
This study aims to identify and analyze forms of social inequality portrayed in the series Maxton Hall: Die Welt Zwischen Uns (2024), produced by Amazon Prime Video. The series was selected because it clearly depicts social inequality within an elite school environment through the relationship between Ruby Bell, a lower-middle-class student, and James Beaufort, a student from an influential upper-class family. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach grounded in Pierre Bourdieu's theory of social practice, covering capital, habitus, field, and power and social reproduction. Data consisting of dialogues, scenes, characters' actions, and visual elements across six episodes were collected through documentation and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña (2014). The findings show social inequality emerges through four interrelated aspects. First, James Beaufort's ownership of economic, social, cultural, and symbolic capital far exceeds Ruby Bell's. Second, Ruby's limited capital shapes a habitus of caution and self-restraint reflecting her social background. Third, the Maxton Hall environment functions as a field favoring the dominant group, where social acceptance depends on family background rather than merit. Fourth, upper-class dominance is sustained through financial dependence and social evaluation embedded in the school, allowing inequality to persist. This study concludes that social inequality in the series results from capital interacting with habitus, field, and symbolic power, reproducing each character's social position as an ongoing structural process. Keywords: Social Inequality, Capital, Habitus, Field References: Aini, A., Amilia, D., Dzarna, D., & Susetyo, B. (2024). Exploring social critique in the film Ali & Ratu Ratu Queens through Pierre Bourdieu's sociological framework. JOLLS: Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 4(4), 851–855. Ardiansyah, F., & Kurniawati, W. (2025). Representasi kehidupan remaja pada tokoh Maik dalam film Tschick karya Fatih Akin. Identitaet, 14(2), 108–118. https://doi.org/10.26740/ide.v14n2.p108-118 Asnawi, A. L. P., & Maulina, E. D. (2024). Membaca kritik seni dalam film “Like and Share” (2022): Realitas sosial dalam industri kapitalis. Besaung: Jurnal Seni, Desain dan Budaya, 9(1), 57–72. Boggs, J. M., & Petrie, D. W. (2012). The art of watching films (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill. Bordwell, D., & Thompson, K. (2008). Film art: An introduction (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill. Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241–258). Greenwood. Bourdieu, P. (1990). The logic of practice. Stanford University Press. Bourdieu, P. (1993). The field of cultural production. Columbia University Press. Celep, T. (2021). Pierre Bourdieu kavramları ekseninde Pleasantville filmi analizi. Aydın İnsan ve Toplum Dergisi, 7(2), 231–242. Chatterjee, P., Chen, J., Yousafzai, A., Kawachi, I., & Subramanian, S. V. (2023). When social identities intersect: Understanding inequities through intersectionality. International Journal for Equity in Health, 22(115). Couldry, N. (2012). Media, society, world: Social theory and digital media practice. Polity Press. Creswell, J. W. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage. Effendy, O. U. (2002). Ilmu komunikasi: Teori dan praktek. PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Fitz Gibbon, H., Nurse, A., & Hurst, C. E. (2023). Social inequality: Forms, causes, and consequences (10th ed.). Routledge. Kurniawati, W., Rahman, Y., Saksono, L., Karim, A., & Julaikah, D. I. (2013). Metodologi penelitian sastra dan bahasa. PT Revka Petra Media. Maharani, D. A., & Pesulima, T. L. (2025). Representasi stratifikasi sosial dalam film Zoete Dromen (2023). Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage. Moleong, L. J. (2019). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Pratista, H. (2008). Memahami film. Homerian Pustaka. Sobur, A. (2016). Semiotika komunikasi. PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta. Swartz, D. (2018). Kültür ve iktidar: Pierre Bourdieu'nün sosyolojisi. İletişim Yayınları. Tran, T., Rousseau, M. A., Farris, D. P., Bauer, C., Nelson, K. C., & Doan, H. Q. (2023). The social vulnerability index as a risk stratification tool for cancer disparities research. Cancer Causes & Control, 34, 407–420. Turner, G. (1999). Film as social practice (3rd ed.). Routledge.
Kohesi Pronomina pada Teks Berita "Die Zeit" edisi Februari 2025
Research on cohesion is an interesting topic to study in German linguistics, due to the flexible nature of the German language and its strict and complex grammar. Cohesion in the German language functions uniquely; not only does the word order determine the relationships between elements in a German sentence, but there are also grammatical markers that bind them together. In this study, the researcher will conduct an analysis of pronominal reference cohesion in Die Zeit news texts. The aim of this research is to describe the forms and types of pronominal reference cohesion in Die Zeit news texts. The analysis method used in this study is Descriptive-Qualitative with a reading-note technique. This technique involves reading the locations of pronominal reference cohesion in the Die Zeit news texts. The researcher then interprets the pronominal reference cohesion markers. The source of data and the data itself are in the form of news articles taken from the online news site Die Zeit, February 2025 edition, titled Ist der Guardiola Fußball noch zeitgemäß. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it can be stated that the pronouns used as markers of grammatical cohesion related to reference cohesion can change pronouns (Er, sie, es, die, and man). These reference cohesion markers can be endophoric and exophoric. The endophoric pronouns in this study consist of Er, sie, es, and die. Meanwhile, the exophoric pronouns include man and es.
EMOSI KEBAHAGIAAN DALAM INSTAPUISI @MISSCLARALOUISE : ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA ROLAND BARTHES DAN TEORI EMOSI DASAR PAUL EKMAN
Instapoetry is a form of digital poetry published on Instagram that employs concise language, minimalist visual presentation, and symbolic expressions to convey emotional experiences. As a growing form of digital literature, Instapoetry reflects contemporary emotional and cultural issues through brief yet meaningful poetic texts. This study aims to describe the denotative and connotative meanings that represent the emotion of happiness in Instapoems published on the Instagram account @missclaralouise. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using content analysis. The data consisted of three German Instapoems selected through purposive sampling based on their symbolic content, the representation of happiness, and high audience engagement. The analysis integrated Roland Barthes' semiotic theory (1977) to examine denotative and connotative meanings through the Expression–Relation–Content (ERC) model and Paul Ekman's basic emotion theory (1992, 1999, 2004) to identify emotional representation through the stages of antecedent, automatic appraisal, and affective response. The findings indicate that, at the denotative level, the poems portray concrete experiences of rediscovering the self and affirming personal worth. At the connotative level, these meanings develop into symbolic representations of self-acceptance, self-worth, emotional recovery, and personal growth. The resulting connotative meanings function as antecedents that trigger positive automatic appraisal, leading to an affective response characterized by happiness. These findings confirm that integrating Roland Barthes' semiotics with Paul Ekman's emotion theory provides an effective analytical framework for examining the representation of emotions in digital literature while contributing to the broader study of contemporary digital poetry. Keywords: Barthes' Semiotics, Digital Literature, Basic Emotions. Instapoetry DAFTAR PUSTAKA @missclaralouise. (t.t.). Akun Instagram @Missclaralouise. https://www.instagram.com/missclaralouise?igsh=MWZscXRwNzZzMWVsZA%3D%3D <diakses pada 30 Maret 2026>. Aspany, N. F., & Lutviani Murni, S. N. (2024). Insta-Poetry as a Popular Product: A Case Study on Rupi Kaur Milk &amp; Honey. Poetika, 12(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v12i1.96334 Barthes, R. (1967). Elements of Semiology, (Vol. 14). Hill and Wang. Barthes, R. (1977). Image, Music, Text. Fontana. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=n4h-Gvdj3rIC Ekman, P. (1992). An argument for basic emotions. Cognition & Emotion, 6(3–4), 169–200. Ekman, P. (1999). Basic Emotions. In Handbook of Cognition and Emotion (pp. 45–60). John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Ekman, P. (2004). Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life. Henry Holt and Company. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=AoIUp5fJkIcC Habibie, A. R., & Saksono, L. (2022). Makna konotasi bulan, bintang dan matahari dalam puisi-puisi karya hermann hesse. Identitaet, 11(2), 277–288. Hoed, B. H. (2011). Semiotik & dinamika sosial budaya: Ferdinand de Saussure, Roland Barthes, Julia Kristeva, Jacques Derrida, Charles Sanders Peirce, Marcel Danesi & Paul Perron, dll. Komunitas Bambu. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=iKoCfAEACAAJ Irfanudin, A. (2025). Analisis makna denotatif dan konotatif dalam puisi aḥinnu ilā khubzi ummī karya mahmoud darwish. Maliki Interdisciplinary Journal, 3(6), 50-59. Kamaluddin, R. N. (2022). Pemaknaan Puisi Pada Kumpulan Puisi Sangkolan Mata Celurit Mata Sabit Karya Roz Ekki: Suatu Pendekatan Semiologi Roland Barthes. Aksarabaca Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya, 3(2), 433–44 Moleong, J. L. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Dalam Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. PT. Remaja Rosdakarya. Moleong, L. (2005). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. PT. Remaja Rosdakarya. Saksono, L., Suhartono, S., & Kurniawati, W. (2025). Representation of female identity in instapoetry: A study of works of German female poets on Instagram. Proceeding of International Joint Conference on UNESA, 2(2). Saksono, L., Suhartono, S., Kurniawati, W., Darni, D., Hardika, M., & Ningrum, P. S. W. (2026). Digital literature and the politics of healing: Leveraging instapoetry for good health and well-being (SDG 3) and gender equality (SDG 5). In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 696, p. 03002). EDP Sciences. Serafini, F. (2014). Reading the visual: An introduction to teaching multimodal literacy. Teachers College Press. Siswantoro. (2014). Metode penelitian sastra: Analisis struktur puisi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Sobur, A. (2003). Semiotika komunikasi. Remaja Rosdakarya. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=2y4lAAAACAAJ Sugiarti, S., & Andalas, E. F. (2018). Prespektif Etik dalam Peneltian Sastra (Teori dan Penerapannya). UMM Malang. Zhang, F., Chen, J., Tang, Q., & Tian, Y. (2024). Evaluation of emotion classification schemes in social media text: an annotation-based approach. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 503. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-02008-w
NILAI MORAL DALAM DONGENG "DIE BIENENKÖNIGIN","DIE WEIßE SCHLANGE" DAN "DER FROSCHKÖNIG"
This study aims to describe the moral values contained in three fairy tales by the Brothers Grimm, namely Die Bienenkönigin, Die Weiße Schlange, and Der Froschkönig. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach using content analysis. The data source consisted of the original texts of the three fairy tales published in the Kinder und Hausmärchen collection (Reclam Edition, 2005). The analysis was based on Nurgiyantoro's (2013) taxonomy of moral values, which classifies moral values into four categories: the relationship between humans and themselves, humans and others, humans and the environment or other living beings, and humans and God. The findings revealed 38 instances of moral values, consisting of 13 data (34.2%) related to the relationship between humans and themselves, 11 data (28.9%) related to the relationship between humans and others, 10 data (26.3%) related to the relationship between humans and the environment and other living beings, and 4 data (10.5%) related to the relationship between humans and God. Die Bienenkönigin predominantly emphasizes compassion toward living creatures and the environment, Die Weiße Schlange highlights honesty, integrity, and responsibility, while Der Froschkönig focuses on commitment to keeping promises and moral responsibility. Overall, the three fairy tales consistently present moral values through the principles of reward and punishment, empathy, compassion, and integrity as the foundation of character building. The findings are expected to contribute to children's literature studies and character education. Keywords: moral values, children's literature, character education, content analysis. References: Bettelheim, B. 1976. The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales. New York: Knopf. Bertens, K. 2011. Etika. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Garrard, G. 2012. Ecocriticism (Edisi ke-2). London: Routledge. Grimm, J., & Grimm, W. 2005. Kinder und Hausmärchen. Stuttgart: Reclam. Haase, D. (Ed.). 2008. The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales. Westport: Greenwood Press. Lickona, T. 1991. Educating for Character: How Our Schools Can Teach Respect and Responsibility. New York: Bantam Books. Nodelman, P., & Reimer, M. 2003. The Pleasures of Children's Literature (Edisi ke-3). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Nurgiyantoro, B. 2013. Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Propp, V. 1968. Morphology of the Folktale (Edisi ke-2). Austin: University of Texas Press. Rasiawan, M. F. 2021. Nilai Moral dalam Dongeng Frau Holle, Die Sterntaler, dan Hans im Glück karya Brüder Grimm (Skripsi). Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Tatar, M. 2003. The Hard Facts of the Grimms' Fairy Tales (Edisi revisi). Princeton: Princeton University Press. Zipes, J. 2014. The Original Folk and Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Abrams, M. H., & Harpham, G. G. (2015). A glossary of literary terms (11th ed.). Cengage Learning. Arikunto, S. (2019). Prosedur penelitian: Suatu pendekatan praktik (Edisi revisi). Rineka Cipta. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). : Qualitative, Research designtitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. Endraswara, S. (2013). Metodologi penelitian sastra. CAPS (Center for Academic Publishing Service). Faruk. (2017). Metode penelitian sastra: Sebuah penjelajahan awal. Pustaka Pelajar. Luxemburg, J., Bal, M., & Weststeijn, W. G. (1992). Pengantar ilmu sastra (D. Hartoko, Trans.). Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Ratna, N. K. (2015). Teori, metode, dan teknik penelitian sastra. Pustaka Pelajar. Semi, M. A. (2012). Metode penelitian sastra. Angkasa. Sugiyono. (2023). Metode penelitian kualitatif. Alfabeta. Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (2014). Theory of literature. Harcourt, Brace & World
This study examines the representation of post-war life in five short stories by Wolfgang Borchert, namely Das Brot, Die Küchenuhr, Nachts schlafen die Ratten doch, Die drei dunklen Könige, and An diesem Dienstag. The research employs Stuart Hall’s theory of representation, which views representation as a process of constructing meaning through language, signs, and cultural codes rather than as a direct reflection of reality. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and literary text analysis, the data consist of narrative excerpts, dialogues, symbols, settings, and characters’ actions that function as signifying practices. The analysis is conducted by identifying the relationship between sign, concept, and meaning in each datum. The findings reveal that post-war life is represented through six dominant patterns of meaning: food scarcity, psychological trauma, loss, social destruction, moral shifts, and solidarity and hope. These categories are analytical classifications developed by the researcher based on recurring representational patterns and are not concepts proposed by Stuart Hall. The study also demonstrates that ordinary objects, domestic spaces, and everyday actions are transformed into cultural signs whose meanings are constructed through the historical and socio-cultural context of post-war Germany. Consequently, Borchert’s short stories represent post-war life not merely by depicting historical events but by constructing cultural meanings concerning suffering, survival, humanity, and collective memory through interconnected signifying practices. These findings reinforce Hall’s argument that meaning is culturally produced through representation rather than inherently embedded in objects or events. Keywords: representation, post-war life, Trümmerliteratur Abrams, M. H., & Harpham, G. G. (2005). A glossary of literary terms (9th ed.). Cengage Learning. Barker, C., & Jane, E. A. (2016). Cultural studies: Theory and practice (5th ed.). Sage. Beutin, W., Ehlert, W., & Haasis, H. G. (2001).Deutsche Literaturgeschichte: Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. J. B. Metzler. Chandler, D. (2007). Semiotics: The basics (2nd ed.). Routledge. Farras, M. G., & Kurniawati, W. (2022). Elipsis dalam cerpen-cerpen karya Wolfgang Borchert. Identitaet, 11(2). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/identitaet/article/view/48609 Fulbrook, M. (2008). A concise history of Germany (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. Sage Publications. Jens, W. (Ed.). (1996). Wolfgang Borchert. In Kindlers Neues Literatur-Lexikon (Vol. 2, pp. 927–928). Kindler Verlag. Keraf, G. (1984). Diksi dan gaya bahasa. Gramedia. Kurniawati, W., Rahman, Y., Saksono, L., Karim, A., & Julaikah, D. I. (2013). Metodologi penelitian sastra dan bahasa. PT Revka Petra Media. Metzler. (2007). Metzler Literatur Lexikon: Begriffe und Definitionen (3., völlig neu bearb. Aufl.). J. B. Metzler. Nurgiyantoro, B. (2018). Teori pengkajian fiksi. Gadjah Mada University Press. Putri, R. R. A., & Kartika, A. D. (2022).Pandangan dunia dalam cerita pendek karya Wolfgang Borchert. Identitaet, 11(2). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/identitaet/article/view/48292 Storey, J. (2024). Cultural theory and popular culture: An introduction (10th ed.). Routledge. Surya, P. J. A., & Rahman, Y. (2021). Deiksis dalam cerita pendek karya Wolfgang Borchert. Identitaet, 10(2). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/identitaet/article/view/41486
POLA STRUKTUR DAN ASPEK MAKNA KOLOKASI BAHASA JERMAN DALAM "KURSBUCH NETZWERK NEU A1"
ABSTRACT Collocations are conventional word combinations commonly used by native speakers and constitute an essential aspect of German language learning. However, collocations in Kursbuch Netzwerk Neu A1 are presented implicitly, causing learners to perceive them as separate lexical items rather than fixed combinations. This study aims to describe the structural patterns and analyze the semantic aspects of German collocations found in Kursbuch Netzwerk Neu A1. This research employed a qualitative approach with descriptive statistical methods. The data consisted of linguistic units containing German collocations collected through documentation and note-taking techniques. The data were classified according to collocational structural patterns and analyzed using Quasthoff's (2011) theory of collocation structure and Hausmann's (2004) theory of collocational semantics. The findings revealed a total of 108 collocations distributed across various learning topics. The most dominant structural pattern was Substantiv specifically Substantiv (als Objekt), followed by Adverb and Adjektiv. In terms of semantic aspects, most collocations exhibited a literal degree of transparency, while the remaining collocations were classified as semi-idiomatic (teilidiomatisch). No metaphorical collocations were identified. The findings further indicate that the relationship between the base and the collocator is determined not only by lexical restrictions but also by conventional usage in German. This study is expected to contribute to the development of German collocation studies and serve as a reference for vocabulary instruction and future research on German collocations using different linguistic data sources. Keywords: collocation, structural patterns, semantic aspects, German language, Kursbuch Netzwerk Neu A1. References Abubakar, R. (2021). Metodologi Penelitian. SUKA-Press UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Asadova, B. (2024). The Role of Collocations in English Language Teaching. Acta Globalis Humanitatis et Linguarum, 1(2), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.69760/aghel.01024061 Dengler, Stefanie., Rusch, Paul., Schmitz, Helen., & Sieber, Tanja. (2019). Netzwerk neu A1 : Kursbuch mit Audios und Videos. Ernst Klett Sprachen. Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. (n.d.). Retrieved June 19, 2026, from https://www.dwds.de/ Hausmann, F. J. (2004). Was sind eigentlich Kollokationen? In Wortverbindungen - mehr oder weniger fest (pp. 309–334). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110622768-015 Heuken, Adolf., & Sinaga, E. R. Tjahjono. (2000). Deutsch - Indonesisches Wörterbuch = Kamus Jerman - Indonesia. Yayasan Cipta Loka Caraka : Gramedia. Palupi, S., & Ridwan, A. (2018). Kolokasi dalam Buku Ajar Studio D A1: Deutsch als Fremdsprache. https://kbbi.web.id, Quasthoff, Uwe. (2011). Wörterbuch der Kollokationen im Deutschen. De Gruyter. Ridwan, A. (2017). Stilistika Bahasa Jerman. Rita Fiantika, F., Wasil, M., Jumiyati, S., Honesti, L., Wahyuni, S., Mouw, E., Jonata, Mashudi, I., Hasanah, N., Maharani, A., Ambarwati, K., Noflidaputri, R., Nuryami, & Waris, L. (2022). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (Y. Novita, Ed.; 1st ed.). PT. Global Eksekutif Teknologi. www.globaleksekutifteknologi.co.id Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (25th ed.). Alfabeta. Widodo, P. (2015). Bentuk Kolokasi Bahasa Jerman dan Bahasa Indonesia Penelitian Mandiri Gb. Yamagata, S., Nakata, T., & Rogers, J. (2024). On effective learning of English collocations: From perspectives of distributed practice and semantic restructuring. TESOL Journal, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.767
PERUBAHAN KONDISI PASIF KE KONDISI AKTIF TOKOH UTAMA PEREMPUAN DALAM DONGENG "DER RÄUBERBRÄUTIGAM" KARYA BRÜDER GRIMM
This article examines the forms of patriarchal oppression and the agency of the female protagonist in the Grimm fairy tale Der Räuberbräutigam. Unlike previous studies that emphasize this tale's representation of gendered violence and survival, this study focuses on how the protagonist's agency unfolds gradually across five existential stages, moving from a passive condition to an active one. Data were collected through observation and note-taking techniques applied to the German source text, followed by data coding. Forms of oppression were analyzed using Kate Millett's (1970) view of patriarchy as a system of power, while agency was analyzed using Simone de Beauvoir's (1956) existentialist feminism, encompassing the condition of immanence, three stages of agency (awareness, strategy, action), and the condition of transcendence. The results show five instances of patriarchal oppression, consisting of body objectification, physical oppression, structural oppression, domestic marginalization, and psychological oppression, imposed on the protagonist by two male authority figures, her father and her fiancé. Furthermore, ten instances of agency were identified, showing that the protagonist's awareness develops progressively from intuitive fear into a fully conscious understanding of danger, followed by four collaborative strategies, two concrete actions, and culminating in transcendence when she publicly exposes her fiancé's crime at his own wedding feast. These findings demonstrate that although the protagonist is bound within an oppressive patriarchal structure, she is able to transform herself gradually into an active subject who reclaims authority over her own fate through awareness, cunning, and courage rather than through direct physical confrontation. Keywords: Grimm's fairy tale, Der Räuberbräutigam, patriarchal oppression, female agency, existentialist feminism Daftar Pustaka Abdussamad, Z. 2021. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif (P. Rapanna, Ed.). CV. Syakir Media Press. Altamimi, R. H. 2024. Gender Representations in the Grimms' Fairy Tales: A Corpus-Based Study. Beauvoir, S. de. 1956. The Second Sex (H. M. Parshley, Terj.). Jonathan Cape. Grimm, J., & Grimm, W. (t.t.). Der Räuberbräutigam. Diakses dari https://www.grimmstories.com Haase, D. 2004. Fairy Tales and Feminism. Lüthi, M. 1968. Das europäische Volksmärchen: Form und Wesen (3rd ed.). A. Francke Verlag. Millett, K. 1970. Sexual Politics. Doubleday. Reed, R. 2003. Storytelling and Survival in the "Murderer's House": Gender, Voice(lessness) and Memory in Helma Sanders-Brahms' Deutschland, bleiche Mutter. Zipes, J. 2006. Fairy Tales and the Art of Subversion (2nd ed.). Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
KOHESI SUBSTITUSI DALAM TEKS BERITA BERBAHASA JERMAN
ABSTRACT Cohesion is a fundamental aspect of discourse because it links linguistic elements into a unified and comprehensible text. In journalistic discourse, cohesive devices are particularly important since news reports must present information concisely, objectively, and coherently while maintaining continuity of meaning. One grammatical cohesive device that contributes to textual cohesion is substitution. Through substitution, writers avoid unnecessary repetition by replacing previously mentioned linguistic elements with semantically related forms. This study aims to identify the forms of substitution used as grammatical cohesive devices in German-language news texts published by Deutsche Welle in 2024 and to explain their functions in establishing discourse cohesion. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach using textual discourse analysis. The data consist of linguistic units containing substitution markers found in three Deutsche Welle news articles discussing the conflict in Sudan and the resulting humanitarian crisis. Data were analyzed based on Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) theory of grammatical cohesion through identifying substitution forms, classifying their types, and interpreting their cohesive functions within the discourse context. The findings reveal that nominal substitution is the most frequently used form. The use of substitution not only reduces lexical repetition but also maintains topic continuity, strengthens relationships between sentences, improves the efficiency of information delivery, and supports the concise and communicative style characteristic of journalistic writing. Furthermore, substitution reflects an effective information-presentation strategy that enables journalists to communicate complex issues clearly and systematically without reducing the accuracy or coherence of the intended meaning. Keywords: grammatical cohesion, substitution, news text, Halliday and Hasan. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Brinker, K. (2010). Linguistische Textanalyse: Eine Einführung in Grundbegriffe und Methoden (7. Aufl.). Erich Schmidt Verlag. Deutsche Welle. (2024). Deutsche Welle. https://www.dw.com Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman. Hoffmann, L. (2006). Deutsche Grammatik. Erich Schmidt Verlag. Kunz, K., & Steiner, E. (2013). Towards a Comparison of Cohesion in English and German. De Gruyter. Linke, A., Nussbaumer, M., & Portmann, P. R. (2011). Studienbuch Linguistik (5. Aufl.). Niemeyer. Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Sudaryanto. (2015). Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Sanata Dharma University Press. van Dijk, T. A. (1988). News as Discourse. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Wedig, T., & Strobl, C. (2022). Die Bewertung von Kohärenz und Kohäsion in narrativen DaF-Texten: Eine korpusbasierte Untersuchung sprachlicher Einflussfaktoren. Zeitschrift für Interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht.
TEMPORAL DEIXIS IN HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN'S COLLECTION OF FAIRY TALES
Deixis is an important aspect in pragmatics that plays a role in understanding meaning based on the context of utterance. In narrative texts such as fairy tales, the use of deixis helps readers understand temporal relations within the storyline. This study aims to analyze temporal deixis in the fairy tales Däumelieschen, Der Schneemann, and Das alte Haus by HansChristian Andersen. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data in the form of words and phrases containing elements of temporal deixis, collected through documentation techniques using reading and note-taking methods. The data are analyzed by identifying forms of temporal deixis based on George Yule’s theory (2014) and interpreting their meanings by considering Karl Christian Lehmann’s concept of origo as the temporal reference point in utterances. The results show that temporal deixis in the three fairy tales appears in various forms, such as jetzt, nun, gestern, morgen, am Morgen, am Abend, später, bald, dann, and damals, which can be classified into proximal and distal temporal deixis. Overall, the use of temporal deixis in these fairy tales indicates that temporal meaning is relative to the context of utterance and highly dependent on the position of the origo, both in dialogue and narration.
PERAN HUMOR SEBAGAI RESISTENSI DALAM FILM DIE GÄNSEPRINZESSIN
ABSTRACT This study aims to describe the role of humor and the forms of carnivalesque humor that appear in the fil “Die Gänseprinzessin” and to analyze how humor function as a form of resitance against the hierarchy of power in the film. This study employs a qualititave approach using narrative analysis. Data were collected through repeated film viewings, dialogue transcripts, and notes on scenes containing elemnts of carnivalesque humor. Data analysis employs Sugiyono’s (2017) model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The theotrical framework consists of Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the carnivalesque and James C. Scott’s theory of resistence, which underpin the analysis of the research data, specially scenes and dialogues containing humorous elements in the film. There are 7 data points in this Study with three carnivalesque indicators, as follow : 1.) Ambivalent Laughter : There are 3 data points that have been analyzed and contain this element; 2.) Grotesque Forms : While there are no literal examples in this study, three of the analyzed data points contain this element; 3.) Suspession of Hierarchy : Regarding this carnavalesque indicator, this study analyzed one data point that contained this element. The results of the analysis of the three carnivalesque indicators and the mechanisms of resitensce theory underlying each presented data point indicate that humor in fairy-tale films does not merely serve as entertainment but rather plays a role in the characters’strategies of symbolic resistence. Keywords: Humor, Resistence, Carnivalesque, Die Gänseprinzessin. References Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Metode penelitian kualitatif. Syakir Media Press. Bakhtin, M. (1984). Rabelais and his world (H. Iswolsky, Penerj.). Indiana University Press. Biddle, B. J. (1986). Recent developments in role theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 12(1), 67–92. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.12.080186.000435 Billig, M. (2005). Laughter and ridicule: Towards a social critique of humour. SAGE Publications. Brock, H. (2013). Die Brüder Grimm: Pioniere deutscher Sprachkultur des 21. Jahrhunderts. Hessisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst. Hadi, Y. (2020). Humor sebagai simbol resistensi dalam budaya populer (Analisis semiotika Roland Barthes terhadap film “Joker”. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga. Juminto, A., & Saksono, L. (2021). Resistensi dalam naskah film Sophie Scholl-Die Letzten Tage karya Fred Breinersdorfer. LITERA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, 7(1), 45–56. Kumar, V., & Jyothirmai, D. (2023). An analysis of Michel Bakhtin’s theory of carnivalesque in Shakespeare’s King Lear. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 10(2), 443–448. Metz, C. (1991). Film language: A semiotics of the cinema. University of Chicago Press. Pramayanti, M., Anjani, S. L., Az-Zahra, J. B., & Danyanindhitya, T. (2025). Universal signals of humor in the live adaptation and cartoon of Mr. Bean. WACANA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi, 24(1), 76–84. https://doi.org/10.32509/wacana.v24i1.4681 Scott, J. C. (1985). Weapons of the weak: Everyday forms of peasant resistance. Yale University Press. Scott, J. C. (1990). Domination and the arts of resistance: Hidden transcripts. Yale University Press. Stevens, A. (2007). Carnival and comedy: On Bakhtin’s misreading of Boccaccio. Opticon1826, 3, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5334/opt.030707 Suaib, E., Rafli, Z., & Muliastuti, L. (2019). Tipe dan fungsi humor dalam acara Indonesia Lawak Klub di Trans 7. Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, 10(1), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.26499/madah.v10i1.893 Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta. Suhaeb, I. (2025). Tawa dan identitas lokal: Figur Kedok Menyon sebagai representasi sosial dalam kesenian Singa Dangdut. Jurnal Penyelidikan Budaya, 9(2), 101–115.
KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE TERHADAP KATA "SONNE" PADA INSTAPUISI @allesorten
ABSTRACT This study aims to uncover the meaning of the word "Sonne" in the Instagram poems posted by @allesorten using Charles Sanders Peirce’s theory of semiotics. This study employs a qualitative approach using descriptive-analytical methods. The data sources for this study are a collection of Instagram poems by Lena Nellissen posted on the @allesorten Instagram account. The data consist of six Instagram poetry posts containing the word "Sonne," which were analyzed through the triadic relationship (representamen, object, and interpretant) and the typology of signs (icon, index, and symbol). To get a clear understanding, this research looks at how the word is used in different situations within the poems. The results indicate that the word "Sonne" carries not only a basic, denotative meaning as the sun. It also evolves into a symbol of hope, happiness, warmth, and tranquility for the readers. The analysis shows that the sun often represents a positive change after a difficult time. The process of making meaning, or semiosis, is very dynamic. It is influenced by the linguistic and visual contexts in the posts, as well as the personal background and experience of the reader. Furthermore, the visual format of Instagram helps to make the message stronger. It was concluded that simple words in Instagram poetry are highly capable of constructing complex meanings. This shows how modern digital literature on social media platforms can connect deeply with human emotions and everyday struggles. Keywords : Semiotics, Instapoetry, Meaning, Digital Literature REFERENCES Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif (P. Rapanna (ed.); 1 ed.). CV. Syakir Media Press. Aditya, A. R., Haniah., Kasim, A., & Hamzah, N. (2025). Dekonstruksi Makna Feminisme Postmodern pada Puisi رحةل جبلية، رحةل صعبة Karya Fadwa Tuqan. 6(1), 589–605. https://doi.org/10.37680/aphorisme.v6i1.77 Ambirini, A. S., & Umaya, N. M. (2012). SEMIOTIKA TEORI DAN APLIKASI PADA KARYA SASTRA. Semarang: IKIP PGRI SEMARANG PRESS. Ansyor, & Nugroho, A. (2020). STRUKTUR BATIN PUISI BERTEMA CINTA KARYA W.S RENDRA DAN ADRIANSYAH. Aulia Zahra Fadhila, H. B. Q. (2021). KAJIAN SEMIOTIK PUISI “DALAM DOAKU” KARYA SAPARDI DJOKO DAMONO. http://www.e-a.gr/axaia/articles/article.jsp?context=103 &articleid=6501 Azzahra, E. A., Rahmawati, T. O., & Dewi, R. A. (2025). ANALISIS PUISI SAJAK DESEMBER KARYA SAPARDI DJOKO DAMONO DENGAN PENDEKATAN STRUKTURAL. 7(1), 7–21. Eisenberg, B., Zeichenbegriff, D., Peirce, C. S.,Schwierigkeit, D., & Bild, W. (2022). Der Zeichenbegriff des Charles S. Peirce : Ein Erklärungsversuch von einem mittelalten Studenten dieser Wissenschaft. 1–25. Endraswara, Suwardi. 2018. Metodologi Penelitian Gastronomi Sastra. Yogyakarta: Textium. Envivas. (2022, May 10). Sommer, Sonne, Glücksgefühle: Warum wir im Sommer meistglücklichersind. https://www.envivas.de/magazin/gesundhei tswissen/sommer-Sonne-gluecksgefuehle Ersyad, A. F (2021). Semiotika Komunikasi Dalam Perspektif Charles Sanders Pierce. Solok: Mitra Cendekia Media Gerung, J. , Meruntu, O.S., & Senduk, T. (2023). REPRESENTASI PERLAWANAN MAHASISWA DALAM LIRIK LAGU DARAH JUANG DAN PEMBEBASAN (ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE). 3(9), 2533-2546. Ikhsani, M. I., Albiruni, F. F., & Syahirah, N. E. (2023). Bukti-Bukti Semiotika Triadik Charles Pierce dalam Puisi Erlkönig. Proceedings Seminar Nasional Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra (SELASAR) 7, 60-68. Kurniawan, A. (2019). Analisis Semiotika Haus der Zeichen pada Puisi-Puisi Benda Rainer Maria Rilke. Skripsi. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Jerman, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Laia, F. (2026). ANALISIS MAKNA KONOTATIF DALAM KUMPULAN PUISI KISAHKU KARYA MIEKE NURHAYATI. FAGURU: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Keguruan. Mardi, M. , Putri, D. E., Morelent, Y., Sastra, K. , Sastra, P., & Bung, U. (2025). Peranan Penting Teknologi Digital dalam Pelestarian Karya Sastra pada Generasi Zdi Indonesia. 192–198. https://doi.org/10.47709/jbsi.v5i01.6090 NeuroNation. (n.d.). Warum die Sonne uns glücklich macht. NeuroNation. https://www.neuronation.com/science/de/w arum-die-Sonne-uns-glucklich-macht/ Penke, N. (2022). Populäre Schreibweisen. October. Rahayu, I. S. (2021). ANALISIS KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA DALAM PUISI CHAIRIL. SEMIOTIKA, 15(1), 30–36. Resta, A. N., Mustika, R. I., & Lestari, R. D. (2022). Analisis semiotika puisi “sendiri” karya chairil anwar. 5, 67–76. Saksono, L., & Kurniawati, W. (2025). Representation of Female Identity in Instapoetry: A Study of Works of German Female Poets on Instagram. PIJCU, 2(2). https://proceeding.unesa.ac.id/index.php/pi jcu Saksono, L., Suhartono, S., Kurniawati, W., Darni. D., Hardika. M., & Ningrum. P. S. (2026). Digital literature and the politics of healing: Leveraging instapoetry for good health and wellbeing (SDG 3) and gender equality (SDG 5). E3S Web of Conferences, 696, 03002. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202669603 Supriatin, Sri Eneng. 2020. Kajian Makna Puisi Keagamaan (Metode Hermeneutika). Jakarta: Guepedia. Tagesschau. (2023, November 26). Warum wir im Winter ständig müde sind ("Winterschlaf light [https://www.tagesschau.de/wissen/gesundheit/winterdepression-100.html](https://www.tagesschau.de/wissen/gesundheit/winterdepression-100.html) ([tagesschau.de]
PARALELISME LEKSIKAL DALAM KUMPULAN INSTA-PUISI @POESIE.REVEUR
This study aims to identify and analyze lexical parallelism in five poems on the theme of a mother's love, namely "Mama, wer hält dich?", "Es ist deine Mama", "Mama irgendwann", "Liebesbrief aus deinem Bauch", and "Ich werde immer deine Mama sein", which belong to a poetry collection entitled "Mama." These five poems were published through the Instagram account @poesie.reveur, an account that regularly shares poems on family themes and personal life in German, so that the data in this study reflect the style of contemporary poetry that has developed on social media. Parallelism is understood as a form of foregrounding according to Leech (1969), namely the prominence of a linguistic element through the regular repetition of a pattern, reinforced by Hall (2005) view that such repetition directs readers' attention while also strengthening their memory of the ideas the poet emphasizes. The analysis was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method, drawing on the six subcategories of lexical parallelism formulated by Macabenta et al., (2025), namely epanalepsis, anaphora, epistrophe, anadiplosis, chiasmus, and epizeuxis. The results show that all six subcategories appear in this poetry collection, with anaphora as the most dominant form and distributed throughout the poems, followed by epistrophe and epanalepsis, which appear as refrains or framing devices in several poems, while anadiplosis, chiasmus, and epizeuxis are found only in limited numbers. These findings indicate that the poet tends to make use of parallelism that builds meaning gradually and repeatedly to reinforce the collection's central theme, namely a mother's love that remains consistent and unaffected by time or by the changes experienced by the child. This study is expected to enrich stylistic studies of digital poetry circulating on social media, particularly within the German-language context.. Keywords: Lexical parallelism, foregrounding, stylistics, insta-poetry References: Ahmad, S., & Rahman, B. (2024). Foregrounding Dalam Kumpulan Puisi Pada Laman Basa-Basi Oleh Salman Aristo : Analisis Stilistika Atas Diksi. Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra, 02(03), 1–9. Hall, G. (2005). Language in Literature. Stylistics, including Corpus Linguistics. Readability Studies. Literature in Language Education, 129–140. Imani, W. N., Wardani, N. E., & Waluyo, H. J. (2020). Konflik Batin Dan Nilai Pendidikan Novel Di Tanah Lada Karya Ziggy Zezsyazeoviennazabrizkie Serta Relevansinya Dengan Pembelajaran Sastra Di Sma. Basastra: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 8(2), 298. Lafamane, F. (2020). Karya Sastra (Puisi, Prosa, Drama). Leech, G. N. (1969). A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry. Macabenta, dkk.\ (2025). Foregrounding in Spoken Word Poetry: a Stylistic Analysis. European Journal of Literary Studies, 6(2), 79–128. Meleong, L. J. (2016). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Ridwan, A. (2017). Stilistika Bahasa Jerman. Rumidah, P. M. A., Munaris, M., & Heru Prasetyo. (2023). Analisis Foregrounding Pada Puisi “Antara Tiga Kota” Karya Emha Ainun Nadjib. J-CEKI : Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah, 3(1), 17–23. Saksono, L., & Kurniawati, W. (2025). Representation of Female Identity in Instapoetry: A Study of Works of German Female Poets on Instagram. Proceeding of International Joint Conference on UNESA, 2(2), 1–5. Saksono, L., Suhartono, S., Kurniawati, W., Darni, D., Hardika, M., & Ningrum, P. S. W. (2026). Digital literature and the politics of healing: Leveraging instapoetry for good health and well-being (SDG 3) and gender equality (SDG 5). E3S Web of Conferences, 696, 1–7. Siddiqui, S. J. (2022). Freedom in Creativity , Foregrounding and Deviations. 3(January), 70–74. Yanti, P. G. (2021). Seminar Nasional Bahasa Dan Sastra. Sastra Digital Dan Keunggulannya. Prosiding Samasta, 22, 945–950.
MORAL KARAKTER POLLY MELALUI KARAKTERISASI TIDAK LANGSUNG DALAM FILM "DIE GÄNSEPRINZESSIN" KARYA FRANK STOYE
ABSTRACT This study aims to describe Polly's moral character in Frank Stoye's film Die Gänseprinzessin through the method of indirect characterization (showing) proposed by M.H. Abrams. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with the film Die Gänseprinzessin as the primary data source, while Polly's dialogues and actions serve as the research data. The data were collected through repeated viewing, observation, and note-taking, and were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, comprising data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Abrams's theory of characterization served as the primary framework to identify Polly's character through showing, while Franz Magnis-Suseno's moral theory served as a supporting framework to interpret her moral character. The findings reveal that Polly's moral character is constructed indirectly through her dialogues and actions, reflecting three aspects: morality, moral autonomy, and moral courage. Morality is shown through Polly's concern for others and her willingness to take responsibility for her actions. Moral autonomy is reflected in her ability to make decisions based on her own conscience, even when they contradict the King's authority. Moral courage appears in her willingness to take responsibility, protect others from punishment, and speak the truth despite personal risk. Therefore, Polly's moral character is not presented explicitly by the narrator, but is constructed through characterization interpreted from her dialogues and actions, demonstrating the close relationship between characterization and moral formation in narrative film. Keywords: characterization, moral character, Polly, M.H. Abrams, Franz Magnis-Suseno REFERENCES Abrams, M. H. (1999). A Glossary of Literary Terms (7th ed.). Heinle & Heinle. Desrianto, R., Yusra, D., & Nurfadilah. (2026). Nilai Moral Tokoh Utama dalam Film Ali Topan Karya Sidharta Tata: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.37630/jpb.v16i2.4450 Magnis-Suseno, F. (2016). Etika Dasar: Masalah-Masalah Pokok Filsafat Moral (Edisi Elektronik). Kanisius. (Karya asli diterbitkan 1987) Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. Ramdan, M., Sudrajat, R. T., & Kamaluddin, T. (2020). Unsur Intrinsik dan Ekstrinsik dalam Film "Jokowi." Parole: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 3(4), 549–558. Rondonuwu, T. (2020). Analisis Karakterisasi Tokoh Utama dalam Film Barbie of Swan Lake (2003) [Skripsi]. Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Septiana, D. B., & Kurniawati, W. (2021). Analisis perwatakan dan nilai moral tokoh utama dalam kumpulan dongeng Ludwig Bechstein. Identitaet, 10(2). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/identitaet/article/view/41012 Stoye, F. (Sutradara). (2025). Die Gänseprinzessin [Film]. KIKA/ARD Mediathek. https://www.ardmediathek.de/video/maerchen-in-der-ard/die-gaenseprinzessin/kika/Y3JpZDovL3N3ci5kZS9hZXgvbzE5NTUxNDQ Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
REPRESENTASI AKTOR DALAM WACANA KONFLIK ISRAEL-GAZA PADA ARTIKEL BERITA "DEUTSCHE WELLE": "ISRAEL BEREITET VERSCHÄRFUNG DER GAZA-ANGRIFFE VOR" ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS
DINAMIKA POSISI PEREMPUAN PADA SERIAL "DIE KAISERIN"
ABSTRACT This study examines the representation of women's positions in the Netflix series Die Kaiserin using Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The research aims to describe how women are positioned as subjects and objects, how power relations are constructed, and how the audience is directed to interpret the female protagonist within the discourse of the series. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach. The primary data consist of dialogues, narratives, and scenes from the first and second seasons of Die Kaiserin, while secondary data are obtained from relevant literature on Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis, gender studies, and film studies. Data were collected through observation and note-taking techniques and analyzed using the concepts of subject position, object position, power relations, and audience position. The findings reveal that Elisabeth's position is constructed dynamically throughout the narrative. Initially, she is predominantly represented as an object constrained by the patriarchal monarchy through various forms of control over her body, behavior, and social role. As the story develops, Elisabeth gradually establishes her subjectivity by expressing her opinions, questioning royal conventions, and negotiating existing power structures. Furthermore, the series encourages audiences to critically reflect on gender inequality within the monarchical system. This study demonstrates that women's representation is continuously constructed through discourse and highlights the relevance of Sara Mills' Critical Discourse Analysis in examining gender representation in audiovisual media. Keywords: women's representation; Sara Mills; Critical Discourse Analysis; gender; power relations. References Beauvoir, S. de. (2011). The second sex (C. Borde & S. Malovany-Chevallier, Trans.). Vintage Books. (Karya asli diterbitkan 1949) Chatman, S. (1978). Story and discourse: Narrative structure in fiction and film. Cornell University Press. Dianing Kartika, A., Nurhadi, D., & Adhimas, Y. B. (2025). Representation of Burnout among Adolescents in East Java. Proceeding of International Joint Conference E-Journal Gerbang, Volume 15, Nomor 2, Tahun 2026. on UNESA, 3(1). https://proceeding.unesa.ac.id/index.php/pij cu Fitri Ramadhani, A., & Dias Adiprabowo, V. (2023). Inferioritas Perempuan dalam Film Perempuan Tanah Jahanam (Analisis Wacana Kritis Sara Mills). Jurnal PIKMA: Publikasi Media Dan Cinema, 5(2), 320 336. Gill, R. (2007). Gender and the media. Polity Press. Kozłowski, K. (2024). Feature film as a literary work. Przestrzenie Teori, 41, 1–15. Mills, Sara. (1995). Feminist stylistics. Routledge. Mills, Sara. (2004). Discourse. Routledge. Pujiastuti, K. (2023). Analisis Wacana Kritis Sara Mills Dalam Film Before, Now & Then (Nana). Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif Dan R & D. Trikandi, S., Supriyanto, T., & Haryadi, H. (2024). Konstruksi model kooperatif tipe student teams achievement division pada pembelajaran apresiasi cerpen siswa kelas X SMA. DIKBASTRA: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.22437/dikbastra.v7i1.36 528 Wardani, S. J., Nurhadi, J., & Sudana, U. (2024). Stereotip Gender Penggambaran Utama Episode Perempuan Pertama dalam Karakter pada Serial Netflix Gadis Kretek. Jurnal Darma Agung, 195–212. https://doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v32i1.407 7
SINISME DALAM KUMPULAN INSTAPUISI @MELISSA.EBELING
ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the use of cynical language style in Melissa's instapoetry (@melissa.ebeling) as a medium for expressing emotional experiences and conveying criticism of life realities in the digital era. The development of digital literature, particularly instapoetry on Instagram, demonstrates that social media functions not only as a platform for publishing literary works but also as a medium of expression that combines language, emotion, and social reflection in a concise form. Therefore, this study focuses on how cynicism is employed to construct meaning and strengthen the messages conveyed by the poet. This research applies a stylistic approach using a qualitative descriptive method. The study employs Gorys Keraf's theory of figurative language and Ivo Braak's theory of literary functions. Keraf's theory is used to identify the forms of cynicism, while Braak's theory is applied to analyze the rhetorical, aesthetic, and emotional functions found in the texts. The data consist of instapoetry posts published on Melissa's Instagram account (@melissa.ebeling), selected based on the presence of cynical language. Data were collected through the observation and note taking method and then analyzed descriptively using the selected theoretical framework. The findings reveal that cynicism is consistently used to express distrust, disappointment, and criticism of life realities. In addition to creating aesthetic value through diction and language structure, cynicism also functions as a rhetorical strategy to reinforce emotional messages and social criticism. These findings indicate that instapoetry serves as an effective form of literary communication in the digital space. Keywords: Cynicism, Instapoetry, Stylistics, Digital Literature. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abrams, M. H. (1999). A Glossary of Literary Terms (7th ed.). Boston: Heinle & Heinle. Azka, M. A. K., Purwanto, B. E., & Triana, L. (2022). Gaya Bahasa Ironi dan Sarkasme dalam Kolom Komentar Akun Instagram @tempodotco. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, 7(2), 123–135. Braak, I. (1993). Stilistik: Der Deutsche Unterricht. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzlersche Verlagsbuchhandlung. De, S., & Lu, J. (2024). Understanding Instagram Poetry Communities: A Study of Digital Literary Practices and Online Creative Expression. arXiv. Edhi, N. A., & Parnaningroem, R. D. W. (2020). Gaya Bahasa Satire Dalam Film Er Ist Wieder Da Karya David Wnendt. Identitaet, 9(3), 48-56. Endraswara, S. (2016). Metodologi Penelitian Sastra: Epistemologi, Model, Teori, dan Aplikasi. Yogyakarta: CAPS. Heru, A. (2018). Gaya Bahasa Sindiran dalam Berita Utama Harian Kompas Edisi April 2015. Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, 9(1), 55–67. Keraf, G. (2020). Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa Gorys Keraf. In Journal GEEJ (Vol. 7, Issue 2, p. 155). Kerbrat-Orecchioni, C. (1990). L'ironie comme trope. Paris: Minuit. Leech, G., & Short, M. (2007). Style in Fiction: A Linguistic Introduction to English Fictional Prose (2nd ed.). London: Pearson Longman. Luxemburg, J. van, Bal, M., & Weststeijn, W. G. (1992). Pengantar Ilmu Sastra. Jakarta: Gramedia. Moleong, Lexy J. (2017). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (Edisi Revisi). Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Nurgiyantoro, B. (2018). Stilistika. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Penke, N. (2023). Instapoetry: Springer Berlin Hiedelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66834-4 Rettberg, J. W. (2018). Electronic Literature. Cambridge: Polity Press. Ridwan, A. (2017). Stilistika Bahasa Jerman. Malang: Universitas Negeri Malang Press Räwel, J. (2007). The Relationship between Irony, Sarcasm and Cynicism. Zeitschrift Für Literaturwissenschaft Und Linguistik, 37(145), 142–153. Saksono, L., & Kurniawati, W. (2025). Representation of Female Identity in Instapoetry: A Study of Works of German Female Poets on Insta. Pijcu, 2(2), https://proceeding.unesa.ac.id/index.php /pijcu/article/view/4452 Saksono, L., Suhartono, S., Kurniawati, W., Darni, D., Hardika, M., & Ningrum, P. S. W. (2026). Digital literature and the politics of healing: Leveraging instapoetry for good health and wellbeing (SDG 3) and gender equality (SDG 5). E3S Web of Conferences, 696, 03002. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202669603002 Sari, R. P., & Kurniawati, W. (2021). Ironi Dan Sarkasme Dalam Album Lafee KARYA Lafee. IDENTITAET, 10(2), 39-49. Sugiyono. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Alfabeta. Tana, I. A. R. (2023). Penggunaan Gaya Bahasa Sinisme dan Sarkasme oleh netizen Indonesia di Twitter= The use of Cynicism and Sarcasm by Indonesian netizens on Twitter (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Hasanuddin). Tarigan, H. G. (2013). Pengajaran Gaya Bahasa. Bandung: Angkasa. Tjikoe, Q. R., & Kartika, D. (2024). BENTUK MAJAS SINDIRAN IRONI, SINISME, DAN SARKASME PADA TUTURAN TOKOH SENJOUGAHARA HITAGI DALAM ANIME BAKEMONOGATARI KARYA NISIO ISIN. Hikari: Jurnal Bahasa dan Kebudayaan, 4(1), 268-275. Waluyo, H. J. (2002). Teori dan Apresiasi Puisi. Jakarta: Erlangga. Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (2016). Theory of Literature. New York: Harcourt Brace.
KONFLIK BATIN TOKOH ISI DALAM FILM "ISI UND OSSI" KARYA OLIVER KIENLE
ABSTRACT Inner conflict is a psychological contradiction within an individual; nearly everyone experiences it, yet not everyone can resolve it. Studying it in literary works offers deep insight into human psychological dynamics—including in film, which portrays the clash of interests, desires, and social pressures. This study aims to analyze the forms and causal factors of inner conflict experienced by Isi in the film Isi & Ossi by Oliver Kienle. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach within a literary psychology framework, grounded in Kurt Lewin’s field theory, which classifies inner conflict into approach-approach, avoidance-avoidance, and approach-avoidance. Data consist of Isi's dialogue and monologue excerpts gathered through observation and note-taking, then classified based on conflict indicators and analyzed to reveal their causes. A screen-capture technique was applied to key scenes to provide visual evidence of her psychological condition. The findings reveal six data points: three concerning the form of inner conflict, all identified as approach-avoidance, and three concerning its causal factors, predominantly induced force and forces corresponding to personal needs. These results show that Isi’s inner conflict is largely triggered by the clash between socio-economic environmental pressure and her need for self-actualization. This study affirms the relevance of Kurt Lewin’s field theory for examining inner conflict in film, while contributing to literary psychology studies on German-language audiovisual works. Keywords: Inner Conflict, Kurt Lewin, Field Theory, Literary Psychology DAFTAR PUSTAKA Al,M.K., & Parnaningroem, R. R. D. W. (2025). Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama dalam Film “Im Westen Nicht Neues” Karya Edward Berger: Analisis Psikologi Sastra. IDENTITAET, 14(2), 12-21. Alwisol. (2019). Psikologi Kepribadian. Malang: Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Endraswara, S. (2014). Metodologi penelitian posmodernisme sastra. Media Pressindo. Haslinda, (2019). Teori Sastra Memahami Genre Puisi, Prosa Fiksi dan Drama/Teater. Unismuh Press. Karsono, O. M. F. (2013). Aplikasi Teori Mimesis Dalam Novel Tarian Setan Karangan Saddam Hussein. online 1(1) 1-11. Khanifah, P. U. (2025). Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama Dan Nilai Moral Dalam Novel Sendiri Karya Tere Liye: Kajian Psikologi Sastra (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung). Lestari, D., Trisfayani, T., & Mahsa, M. (2023). Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama Dalam Novel Rindu Karya Tere Liye (Pendekatan Psikologi Sastra). Kande: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 4(1), 101–114. Masruroh, N. (2021). Analisis Kepribadian Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Genduk karya Sundari Mardjuki (Kajian Psikologi Sastra). Edu-Kata, 7(1), 49–58. Meigita, E. (2018). Konflik batin tokoh mei rose dalam novel surga yang tak dirindukan karya asma nadia (kajian psikologi sastra Kurt Lewin). Minderop, A. (2010). Psikologi Sastra: Karya, Metode, Teori, Dan Contoh Kasus. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia. Muzakki, A. (2007). Karya Sastra: Mimesis, Realitas Atau Mitos?. Lingua: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra, 2(1). Nathaniela, A. O. D., & Israhayu, E. S. (2025). Konflik Batin pada Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Lost in Ningxia Karya Asma Nadia. Jurnal Pendidik Indonesia, 6(2), 75–87. Nurbaya, N., Nur, Y., & Lembah, G. (2020). Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama Novel Tanpa Kata Karya Endry Boeriswati: Pendekatan Konflik Kurt Lewin. Jurnal Kreatif Online, 8(1), 102–117. Nurgiyantoro, B. (2015). Teori pengkajian fiksi. Gadjah Mada University Press. Nurhaya, D., & Indarti, T. (2022). Poligami Dalam Novel Dua Barista Karya Najhaty Sharma (Kajian Psikologi Sastra Kurt Lewin). Bapala, 9(3), 82-90 Putri, A., & Kartika, A. D. (2015). Konflik Mendekat Menjauh Tokoh Utama pada Film Dein Herz Tanzt Karya Stefan Westerwelle. IDENTITET, 12(1), 1-10. Ramdhan, M. (2021). Metode penelitian. Cipta Media Nusantara. Rejagukguk, Y. D., & Nucifera, P (2025). Mengakji Unsur Intrinsik dan Ekstrinsik Novel Home Sweet Loan Karya Almira Bastari. Kande: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 6(2), 197-209. Ridha Prikusuma, A., & Pamungkas, Y. (2024). Konflik Batin Tokoh Ibu dalam Novel Ibuku (Tidak) GIla Karya Anggie D. Widowati: Studi Psikologi Kurt Lewin. Journal of Language and Literature Studies, 4. Ridwan, A. (2017). Stilistika Bahasa Jerman. Malang: Universitas Negeri malang. Rohman, S., & Wicaksono, A. (Eds.). (2018). Tentang Sastra: Orkestrasi Teori dan Pembelajarannya. Garudhawaca. Roosinda, F. W., Lestari, N. S., Utama, A.G.S., Anisah, H. U., Siahaan, A. L. S., Islamiati, S.H.D., … & Fasa, M. I. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Zahir Publishing. Saragih, A. K., Manik, N. S., & Samosir, R. (2021). Hubungan Imajinasi dengan Karya Sastra Novel. Asas: Jurnal Sastra, 10(2), 100–110. Siregar, V. A. (2024). Analysis of slang in the film "Isi & Ossi". Asian Journal of Applied Education (AJAE), 3(7), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajae.v3i3.9131 Sunarso, B. (2023). Resolusi Konflik Sosial. Penerbit Adab. Wahyuni, N., Utami, P. I., Yessi Fitriani, Razak, A. Z. B. M., Zainal, A. S. B., & Rahman, N. I. B. (2025). Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama Dalam Film Berbalas Kejam Karya Teddy Soeriaatmadja. Jurnal Pembahsi (Pembelajaran Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia), 15(1), 46–59. Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (1995). Teori Kesusastraan: Diindonesiakan oleh Melani Budianta. Penerbit PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Winata, F. P., & Adiyadmo, D. A. (2025) Analisis Konflik Batin Mendekat-Menjauh Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Dilan Tahun 1990 Karya Pidi Baiq. Jurnal Genre (Bahasa, Sastra, dan, Pembelajaran), 7 (20, 230-239. Wulandari, A. (2021). Konflik Batin Tokoh Utama Dalam Film Cry Me A Sad River/悲伤逆流成河/Bēishāng Nìliú Chénghé karya 落落 Luò Luò. Skripsi :Malang Universitas Negeri Brawijaya. Zahrani, T.F., & Kurniawati, W. (2025). Konflik Mendekat-Menjauh (Approach-Avoidance) dalam Film Das Leben Der Anderen Karya Florian Henckel Von Donnersmarck. IDENTITAET, 14(2), 35-44.