ANALISIS EMISI GAS BUANG SEPEDA MOTOR DENGAN BAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN BIOETANOL UMBI BATANG PISANG RAJA (MUSA PARADISIACA) DAN PERTALITE

Abstract

In this era of globalization, the increasing number of motorized vehicles, especially in transportation in Indonesia, causes an increasing need for fuel. However, the excessive use of petroleum fuels causes environmental pollution. For this reason, it is necessary to have environmentally friendly fuels, namely fuel from vegetable or bioethanol. Bioethanol is an alternative energy source made from materials containing carbohydrates or glucose, one of which is banana tree trunk tubers. The use of bioethanol is expected to reduce environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in exhaust emission levels in motor vehicles. This type of research is experimental research. This study used a Honda Vario 150cc motorcycle in 2019 which was tested with a mixture of bioethanol fuel from plantain stem tubers and pertalite (E0, E15, E25, E35, E45 and E55). Standard test characteristics of bioethanol and pertalite mixture (viscosity ASTM D445, density ASTM D1298, heating value ASTM D240, octane number ASTM D2699). Gas emissions tested include: O2, CO, CO2, and HC. Testing of engine exhaust emissions is guided by SNI 19-7118.3-2005, with the changing speed method starting from idle rotation to high speed (1500 rpm-9500 rpm). Data analysis used quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. In this study, the best exhaust gas emission levels were E55 fuel, with the highest O2 emission levels at AFR 18.36 at 7.88% vol., the lowest CO emission levels at AFR 18.36 at 3.03% vol., The highest CO2 emission was at AFR 15.13 at 12.68% vol., and the lowest HC emission was at AFR 15.13 at 75 ppm. So it can be concluded that biopertalite using a mixture of bioethanol from plantain stem tubers has the advantage of increasing O2 and CO2 emission levels, and decreasing CO and HC emission levels when compared to pure pertalite (E0).

Keywords: plantain tubers, bioethanol, exhaust emissions.