RANCANG BANGUN DAN PENGUJIAN KOMPOR BIOMASS DENGAN GENERATOR DOWNDRAFT BERBAHAN BAKAR TEMPURUNG KELAPA

Abstract

Energy is a necessity that cannot be separated in almost all aspects of human life. Therefore, energy use will continue to increase. Unfortunately, the energy that is widely available today is non-renewable fossil energy which can lead to energy scarcity. It is necessary to use other renewable alternative energy, one of which is biomass which has the potential to become one of the main energy sources in the future. Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest potential for producing biomass, especially from the field of agricultural waste, such as coconut shells. This research was conducted to utilize coconut shell as an alternative fuel for biomass stoves. This study uses an experimental method to determine the effect of the burner hole diameter variable on the biomass stove. Data retrieval is carried out to determine the effective flame duration, thermal efficiency, and the resulting stove power. Data taken from experiments using the water boiling test method are moisture content, effective flame duration, water temperature, water weight, fuel weight. From the results of the research conducted, syn-gas has been produced from the gasification of 60% sono wood charcoal and 40% coconut shell. For the results, it was found that stoves with a burner diameter of 12 mm were better in terms of effective flame duration, thermal efficiency, and stove power compared to stoves with burner diameters of 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm. With an effective flame length of 18 minutes, a thermal efficiency of 2,74% and a stove power of 464,4 Watt. Then it is found that the larger the diameter of the burner, the better. However, on the other hand, further testing is needed such as the effect of the number of diameter holes on the burner, the shape of the burner, and the diameter of the air holes on the burner.

Keywords: Renewable energy, Biomass, Downdraft gasifier, Coconut shell