PENGARUH LAJU ALIRAN UDARA TERHADAP KUALITAS NYALA API DAN EFISIENSI KOMPOR GASIFIKASI BIOMASSA TIPE UPDRAFT DENGAN BAHAN BAKAR TEMPURUNG KELAPA

Abstract

Coconut shell is one of the biomasses that has the potential to produce energy. One alternative technology for household scale, especially in rural areas with the above conditions is a biomass gasification stove by utilising coconut shells as stove fuel. Gasification is a thermochemical conversion with heat that can convert dry biomass into gaseous fuel by regulating the air pressure in the gasifier. The amount of air entering the gasifier will affect the mass flow rate of syn-gas and the quality of syn-gas. This research was conducted with a quantitative descriptive experimental method which aims to determine the effect of the updraft type gasifier inflow rate on flame temperature, flame height and width, flame duration, flame colour, effective flame length, stove thermal efficiency, and power produced by the biomass gasification stove. In this study using variations in air flow rates of 6 m / s, 8 m / s, and 10 m / s. The results of the study obtained the highest average flame temperature obtained from 10 m / s air flow which is 925 ° C. The more flammable gas content in syngas will increase the flame temperature. The longest flame duration was 22 minutes at 6 m/s air flow. The highest flame height and width were 60 cm with a flame width of 16 cm at 10 m/s air flow. The colour of the flame produced in all variations was orange. The best effective flame duration of the 10 m/s air flow rate is 8.71 minutes. The largest thermal efficiency results were obtained at an air flow of 10 m/s, namely 3.31%. And the highest power value at 10 m/s air flow is 105.8 kW.

 Keywords: coconut shell, biomass gasification stoves, air flow rate, flame quality, thermal efficiency.