STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH VARIASI LUAS SUDU PADA PLAT DATAR TERHADAP DAYA DAN EFISIENSI TURBIN PELTON

Abstract

Limited electrical energy is the most basic problem in Indonesia. Microhydro Power Plant (PLTMH) is one option as an effort to overcome these problems. Pelton turbine  is one type of PLTMH turbine. The purpose of this study was to determine the blade area on the flat plate of  the Pelton  turbine which has the most optimal power and efficiency. This study used an experimental method by varying the blade area by 30 cm2, 40 cm2, and 50 cm2 on the Pelton turbine.  The number of blades is 8 pieces to be tested with variations in water flow capacity of 0.001854 m3/s, 0.002005 m3/s, 0.002434 m3/s and 0.003114 m3/s using a nozzle with a diameter of 25.4 mm with a spray distance of 50 mm and loading variations as well. The results of this study on variations in  the blade area of 30 cm2, 40 cm2, and 50 cm2 obtained the highest turbine power produced of 38.678 watts at a  blade area of 50 cm2 with a water flow capacity of 0.003114 m3 / s loaded 40 kg.  While the most optimal efficiency produced is 48.97% at a blade area of 50 cm2 with a water flow capacity, 0.002005 m3 / s loaded 15 kg.

 Keywords: Power, Efficiency, Blade Area, Pelton Turbin.