PENGARUH PEREKAT TAPIOKA TERHADAP KUALITAS BIOPELET DARI CAMPURAN TONGKOL JAGUNG, AMPAS TEBU, DAN AMPAS KOPI

Abstract

The increasing global energy demand is caused by the growing human population, leading to a rise in human waste. Renewable energy sources are needed to meet this demand. Bio-pellets are an example of solid biomass produced from waste processing and can be used as fuel for energy needs. In this study, waste materials used as raw materials for bio-pellets are corn cobs, sugarcane bagasse, and coffee grounds. The aim of this research is to determine the quality of bio-pellets, including ash content, calorific value, moisture content, and combustion rate concerning the addition of tapioca flour adhesive composition. The study employs a quantitative research approach with an experimental design. Bio-pellets are made by drying raw materials under sunlight, then grinding them and adding tapioca flour adhesive with composition variations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The mixture is blended using a mixer, and the resulting mixture is molded using a vertical pellet machine. Subsequently, the bio-pellets are dried again using an oven at 100ºC for 30 minutes. The bio-pellets are tested at the Research and Industrial Standardization Institute of Surabaya to determine quality, including ash content, calorific value, and moisture content, and bulk density. Combustion rate testing is conducted independently. The research results show that the adhesive percentage can influence the quality of bio-pellets. The best bio-pellets with tapioca flour adhesive are those with a 10% adhesive composition, which meets the standards according to SNI 8675:2018 in terms of ash content 3,23%, calorific value 4715,53 cal/g, moisture content 6,97%, and combustion rate 0,534 g/minute.

Keywords: Bio-pellet, Tapioca Adhesive, Quality