PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI PEREKAT TEPUNG TAPIOKA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BIOBRIKET CAMPURAN ARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA DAN JANGGEL JAGUNG

Abstract

Energy is one of the main problems in the world today, because its need is always present in everyday life. Along with the increase in human activities that use fuel oil derived from plant and animal fossils, this means that energy needs are increasing every year. It is hoped that making biobriquettes from the abundant biomass of coconut shell waste and corn kernels can be an alternative solution in preventing the accumulation of this waste while maintaining energy reserves in Indonesia. The aims of this research are (1) to make charcoal biobriquettes from organic waste from coconut shells and corn kernels; (2) determine the right variations in adhesive concentration and raw material composition to produce good quality biobriquettes; (3) find out the characteristics of the best charcoal biobriquettes which include calorific value, water content, ash content, volatile matter content and bound carbon content. The method used in this research is an experimental method with several stages as follows: (1) preparation of materials; (2) carbonization; (3) crushing and sieving charcoal; (4) mixing charcoal with adhesive; (5) briquetting; (6) drying biobriquettes; (7) laboratory tests; and (8) data collection. This research used a size 80 mesh sieve, pressing pressure of 100 kg/cm2, with variations in the composition ratio of coconut shell charcoal and corn kernels of 85% : 15%, 50% : 50%, and 15% : 85%, as well as the adhesive concentration levels. used at 5%, 7%, and 9%. The best research results were obtained at a concentration of 5% with variations in the composition ratio of coconut shell charcoal biobriquettes and corn kernels of 85%: 15% with a calorific value of 6171.35 Cal/gram; water content of 2.03%; ash content of 9.84%; volatile matter content of 27.04%; and bound carbon content of 61.09%. From the results of the tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that there are biobriquettes whose characteristics comply with SNI 01-6235-2000 and ASTM D 5142-02, therefore biobriquettes can be an alternative renewable energy fuel.

 Keywords: briquettes, adhesives, coconut shells, corncob, characteristics of briquettes.