PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN METANOL PADA BAHAN BAKAR PERTALITE TERHADAP EMISI GAS BUANG SEPEDA MOTOR YAMAHA NMAX 2020

Abstract

Current natural conditions are very worrying because global warming is caused by human activities which are not balanced with efforts to protect the environment. One of the human activities that causes global warming is the use of motorized vehicles that use fossil fuels and incomplete combustion processes. In Indonesia the fuel commonly used is gasoline. The high fuel consumption and levels of exhaust emissions using fossil fuels can basically be controlled by using alternative fuels, one of which is methanol (CH₃OH). The aim of this research is to find out how much influence the mixture of methanol and pertalite fuel has on exhaust emissions on the 2020 Yamaha NMAX motorbike. This research is an experimental study with variations of petalite and methanol fuel mixtures (M₀, M₁₀, M₂₀, M₃₀, and M₄₀) using a 2020 Yamaha NMAX motorbike. The standard characteristic tests for methanol and petalite mixtures carried out are the ASTM D1298 density test and the ASTM D445 viscosity test, ASTM D240 heating value, ASTM D93 flash point, and ASTM D2699 standard octane value. Engine exhaust emissions testing to determine the O₂, CO, CO₂, and HC gas content of the best fuel mixture. The engine exhaust emission testing method is guided by SNI 09-7118.3-2005, carried out at throttle body opening conditions from engine idle to high speed (1500 rpm-9500 rpm) with a range of 1000 rpm. Data analysis uses quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The results of research into the mixture of perlite and methanol fuel on Yamaha NMAX motorbikes in 2020 showed that the highest increase in O₂ emission levels was M₃₀ fuel at lambda 1.17 of 28.03% vol with an average increase of 19.13% vol. The highest increase in CO₂ emission levels was M₃₀ fuel at lambda 0.97 of 11.45% vol with an average increase of 8.54% vol. The greatest reduction in CO emission levels was M₃₀ fuel at lambda 1.21 of 28.85% vol with an average decrease of 17.78% vol. Meanwhile, HC emission levels experienced the largest decrease, namely M₃₀ fuel at lambda 1.04 amounting to 25.22% ppm with an average decrease of 14.87%.

Keywords: methanol, fuel mixture, exhaust gas emissions