ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN AIR HUJAN UNTUK PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN AIR DOMESTIK PENDUDUK DI KECAMATAN KEDAMEAN KABUPATEN GRESIK PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR

Abstract

Abstrak

Kabupaten Gresik termasuk daerah yang mempunyai curah hujan relatif tinggi, tetapi ancaman akan bencana kekeringan dan krisis air bersih masih terjadi di beberapa Kecamatan, termasuk Kecamatan Kedamean. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan guna mengetahui ketersediaan air terhadap kebutuhan air domestik dan tingkat kekritisan air di Kecamatan Kedamean Kabupaten Gresik.

Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian survey. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian dengan cara wawancara terstruktur, pengukuran lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Teknik wawancara terstruktur digunakan untuk menggali data penggunaan air domestik masyarakat daerah penelitian. Teknik Pengukuran lapangan digunakan untuk mengetahui koordinat astronomi. Teknik dokumentasi digunakan untuk menggali data-data dari dinas terkait seperti data curah hujan dan data suhu udara.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan perhitungan neraca air dan diperoleh nilai ketersediaan air sebesar 29339,18 juta liter/tahun. Standar kebutuhan air domestik di daerah penelitian tahun 2017 sebesar 135,3 liter/orang/hari. Kebutuhan air domestik di daerah penelitian tahun 2017 sebesar 3199,5 juta liter dengan rata-rata per bulan sebesar 266,625 juta liter. Tingkat kekritisan air pada daerah penelitian memiliki nilai <50% artinya tidak krisis air. Secara kuantitas ketersediaan air di daerah penelitian sangat melimpah, namun distribusi waktu hujan dipengaruhi oleh musim sedangkan kebutuhan air cenderung tetap bahkan meningkat sehingga perbandingannya tidak tepat. Bulan Desember-April ketersediaan air dalam kondisi surplus, tetapi pada bulan Mei-Nopember kondisi ketersediaan air mengalami defisit. Kebutuhan air domestik tersebut masih dapat dipenuhi karena pasokan air pada bulan sebelumnya menjadi air permukaan dan air tanah.

Kata kunci : ketersediaan air, kebutuhan air domestik, kekritisan air, Kecamatan Kedamean

Abstract

Gresik district has relatively high rainfall, but the threat of drought and clean water crisis still occured  in several sub-districts, including Kedamean Sub-district. This study was to know the availability of water to domestic water requirement and water level in Kedamean sub-district Gresik district.

Thi study used survey research. Data  were collected using structured interviews, field measurements, and documentation. Structured interview technique was  used to collect data of domestic water usage of research area community. Field measurement techniques were used to determine astronomical coordinates. Documentation techniques were used to extract data from related agencies such as rainfall data and air temperature data.

The results showed the calculation of water balance and the value of water availability  was 29339.18 million liters/ year.  the standard of domestic water demand in the research area in 2017 was 135.3 liters / person / day. Thus the domestic water demand in the research area in 2017 was  3199.5 million liters with an average per month of 266.625 million liters. The value of  water level  in area  was <50% meaning  that there was no water crisis. The quantity of water availability in the study area was  very abundant, but distribution of rain was affected by the season whereas the water demand tended to remain even increased so that the comparison was not appropriate. water availability was in surplus condition In December-April, but in May-November the condition of water availability was deficit. However, the domestic water needs could still be fullfiled because the water supply in the previous months became surface water and ground water. 

Keywords: water availability, domestic water demand, water criticality, Kedamean sub-district