KAJIAN TENTANG TKI DARI DESA DALEGAN KECAMATAN PANCENG KABUPATEN GRESIK KE MALAYSIA

Abstract

Banyaknya jumlah penduduk di Indonesia dapat memberikan dampak positif ataupun dampak negatif, salah satu dampak negatifnya adalah meningkatnya jumlah pengangguran di Indonesia, sehingga pemerintah melalui Menteri Tenaga Kerja No.02/MEN/1999 membuka kesempatan untuk menjadi TKI. Desa Dalegan adalah desa yang memiliki jumlah prosentase tertinggi TKI terhadap angkatan kerja di Kecamatan Panceng,
dan Kecamatan Panceng adalah kecamatan yang memiliki prosentase tertinggi TKI di Kabupaten Gresik. Dalam penelitian ini TKI dikaji oleh peneliti untuk mengetahui (1) profil TKI dari Desa Dalegan, (2) faktorfaktor yang menjadi pertimbangan penduduk Desa Dalegan menjadi TKI, (3) faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan pengiriman remitan, dan (4) pemanfaatan remitan bagi keluarga di Desa Dalegan. Populasi
ditentukan secara purposive yaitu seluruh TKI di Desa Dalegan yang ada di Negara Malaysia sebanyak 1.198 TKI, besarnya sampel dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin adalah 100 TKI, yang pengambilannya dilakukan dengan teknik sample random sampling selanjutnya pengambilannya dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik undian. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka, (1)penduduk Desa Dalegan yang menjadi TKI adalah paling banyak berusia 25-29 tahun sebesar 35%, berjenis kelamin laki-laki sebesar 80%, berstatus kawin sebesar 62%, memiliki tanggungan sebesar 2-3 orang sebesar 71%, berpendidikan tamat SMA sebesar 29%, bekerja sebagai petani di daerah asal sebesar 26%, bekerja sebagai buruh bangunan di negara tujuan sebesar 61%, melalui PJTKI sebesar 98%, dan sebesar 72% tidak mengikuti program pelatihan ketrampilan. (2) faktor pendorong penduduk Desa Dalegan menjadi TKI adalah untuk mensejahterakan kehidupan keluarga sebesar
36%, dan dorongan saudara yang telah menjadi TKI sebesar 34%, faktor penariknya adalah karena upah yang tinggi di negara tujuan sebesar 61%, dan faktor penghalangnya adalah biaya sebesar 50,58%. (3) faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan pengiriman remitan dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu besarnya remitan dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan terakhir, lama merantau, jenis pekerjaan, status perkawinan dan jumlah tanggungan sedangkan intensitas pengiriman remitan dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin, jarak tempat tinggal dengan layanan pengiriman, dan pemanfaatan remitan. (4) pemanfaatan remitan paling banyak digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga sebesar 29%.

Kata Kunci: Tenaga Keja Indonesia (TKI), Malaysia, Remitan

Abstract

The lot of the people amount in Indonesia can give positive impact or negative impact. One of negative impact is increasing amount of unemployment in Indonesia until the government through the cabinet minister of man-power No. 02/MEN/1999 opens the opportunity to be TKI (Man-Power of Indonesia). Dalegan village is the village which has the highest prosentase in amount of TKI about labor in the Panceng sub district.
Panceng sub district is the sub district which has the highest prosentase in the Gresik regency. In this observation, TKI was observed by observer to know (1) profile of TKI from Dalegan village, (2) factors which as judgment by inhabitant of Dalgen village to be TKI, (3) Factors which as judgment of sending the
remittance, and (4) utilization of remitan for the family in Dalegan village. Population is determined purposively, that is all of TKI in the Dalegen village who are in the Malaysia country as many 1,198 TKI, the big sample by using Slovin formula is 100 TKI that it was taken by using sampling random technique furthermore it was taken by using lottery technique. The Analyze technique was used in this observation is analyze of descriptive quantitative. Based on the result of observation, so (1) inhabitant of Dalegan village who be TKI are: the most of it is who has the age in average 25-29 years old as many 35%, male gender or sex as many 80%, person who has the marriage status as many 62%, person who has the burden 2-3 people
as many 71%, person who only graduate in senior high school as many 29%, person who works as farmer in the origin territory as many 26%, person who works as building worker in the destination country as many 61%, through PJTKI as many 98% and as many 72% who does not follow skill training. (2) Booster factors of Dalegan village inhabitant to be TKI is for making prosperous family life as many 36% and the encouragement of relative (who has the relation family with TKI) who was be TKI before as many 34%, drag or interest factor is the high fee in the destination country as many 61% and obstruction factor is expense as many 50.58%. (3) Factor which as judgment of  sending remittance is divided into two, these are: the big of remittance was affected by the last education, log time of wander about, the kind of work, marriage status and the amount of burden whereas the intensity of remittance is affected by gender or sex, distance of domicile with the sending service and remittance utilization. (4) Utilization of remittance, the most of it was used to full fill family need as many 29%.

Key word: Man Power of Indonesia (TKI), Malaysia, Remittance.