PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION (CAI) BERBASIS ANDROID TENTANG SISTEM IMUN PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI KELAS XI DI SMA NEGERI 1 TARIK SIDOARJO

Abstract

Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal pengembang di SMA Negeri 1 Tarik Sidoarjo, selama kegiatan pembelajaran Biologi materi sistem imun, siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi yang disampaikan oleh guru, dikarenakan materi sistem imun berisi proses-proses mekanisme imunitas yang sifatnya tidak dapat diamati siswa secara langsung, karena terjadi secara fisiologis di dalam tubuh manusia. Sedangkan guru menjelaskan mengenai proses-proses tersebut hanya dijelaskan secara lisan. Serta terbatasnya sumber belajar siswa dan guru yang hanya berpedoman pada lembar kerja siswa, sedangkan dalam buku lembar kerja siswa sendiri tidak banyak ilustrasi gambar yang dapat menjelaskan proses tersebut. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh materi Sistem Imun yang merupakan materi pembelajaran baru yang dimasukkan ke dalam kurikulum mata pelajaran Biologi SMA Kelas 11 IPA pada tahun 2009. Oleh karena itu, guru Biologi masih mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukan proses kegiatan belajar mengajar pada siswa. Berdasarkan beberapa masalah tersebut, mendasari pengembang untuk mengembangkan media CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) berbasis Android di SMA Negeri 1 Tarik Sidoarjo.

Pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk media CAI berbasis Android tentang sistem imun pada mata pelajaran Biologi yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model pengembangan Research Research and Development (R&D), dikarenakan setiap langkahnya jelas dan efisien dalam pelaksanaannya.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) sampai dengan tahap delapan diperoleh data kualitatif hasil uji validasi, ahli materi I diperoleh setuju dan tanpa revisi, ahli materi II diperoleh sangat setuju dan tanpa revisi, ahli media I diperoleh setuju dan tanpa revisi, ahli media II diperoleh setuju dan tanpa revisi, sedangkan hasil kuantitatif uji coba perorangan diperoleh 78,33% (kategori baik), uji coba kelompok kecil diperoleh 81,22% (kategori baik sekali), hasil uji coba kelompok besar (lapangan) diperoleh 81,16% (kategori baik sekali). Berdasarkan analisis data nilai rata-rata post test (81,5) lebih besar daripada nilai rata-rata pre test (45,67). Sedangkan hasil perhitungan dengan taraf signifikan 5%, db = N-1 = 30-1= 29, sehingga diperoleh t tabel 2,045. Jadi t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 5,083 > 2,045, dengan demikian perbedaan hasil pre-test dan post-test tersebut dinyatakan signifikan. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan media CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) berbasis Android layak dan efektif dalam proses belajar mengajar pada mata pelajaran Biologi tentang sistem imun kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Tarik Sidoarjo.

Kata Kunci : Pengembangan, Media CAI, Android, Sistem Imun, Mata Pelajaran Biologi.

Abstract

Based on the observation of the early developers at SMA Negeri 1 Tarik Sidoarjo, during the learning activities Biology main materi immune system, students have difficulty in understanding the materi presented by the teacher, because the materi immune system contains processes mechanisms of immunity that are not observable students directly, as occurs physiologically in the human body. While the teacher explains the processes are only described verbally. And the limited learning resources students and teachers are only based on student worksheet, while the student worksheets themselves are not a lot of illustrations that can explain the process. It is influenced by the materi immune system which is a new learning materi are incorporated into the curriculum subjects High School Biology Class 11 Sains in 2009. Therefore, Biology teachers are still experiencing difficulties in the process of learning in students. Based on some of those problems, the underlying developers to develop media CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) based Android on SMA Negeri 1 Tarik Sidoarjo.

This development aims to produce media CAI on based Android materi the immune system in the subject of Biology which is expected to improve student learning outcomes. The development method used is the model of development of Research Research and Development (R & D), because each step is clear and efficient implementation.

Based on the results of research in the Research and Development (R & D) to stage eight data showed qualitative results of the validation test, the professional person in materi I obtained excellent agreement and without revision, the professional person in materi II obtained excellent strongly agree and without revision, the professional person in media I obtained excellent agreement and without revision, the professional person in media II obtained excellent agreement and without revision, while the quantitative results the individual trying report obtained 88.4% (good category), the trying report of small group obtained 80.90% (excellent category), the trying report of great group (field) obtained 82.95% (excellent category). Based on the data analysis of the average value of post test (81,5) is greater than the value of the average pre-test (45,67). While the results of the calculation with significant standart of 5%, db = N-1 = 30-1 = 29, so obtained t table 2,045. So tarithmetic is greater than ttable is 5,083 > 2,045, thus the differences in the pre-test and post-test is deemed significant. It can be concluded that the development of media CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) based Android feasible and effective in teaching and learning process in the subject of Biology of the immune system in class XI SMA Negeri 1 Tarik Sidoarjo.

Key word : Development, Media CAI, Android, the immune system, Biology Subject