Anxiety and Defense Mechanism Analysis in Jenny Han’s To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before

Authors

  • Alya Nurul Izzaty Universitas Diponegoro
  • Sulistya Ningtyas Universitas Diponegoro

Keywords:

To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before, psychoanalytical approach, anxiety, defense mechanism

Abstract

This study aims to examine how conflicts trigger anxiety in Lara Jean, the main character of Jenny Han’s To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before, and how her defense mechanisms emerge to protect her from threats that make her feel uncomfortable. A psychoanalytical approach based on Freud’s theory was applied. This study revealed that Lara Jean experiences three types of anxiety: realistic, neurotic, and moral anxiety. To cope with this anxiety, she uses more specific defense mechanisms, including projection, denial, and displacement. Lara Jean, as a girl who has never been in a love relationship with anyone, experiences a conflict resulting in anxiety within her love relationships. However, Lara Jean uses a defense mechanism that shifts from a form of protection to character development that marks her emotional maturity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abrams, M. H., & Harpham, G. G. (2012). A Glossary of Literary Terms (10th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Brummett, B. (2019). Techniques of close reading (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Cuddon, J. A. (2013). A dictionary of literary terms and literary theory. John Wiley & Sons.

Freud, A. (1966). The writings of Anna Freud. Volume II: The ego and the mechanisms of defense (Revised ed.). International Universities Press. (Original work published 1937)

Freud, S., Freud, A., Strachey, A., et al. (1959). An Autobiographical Study, Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety, the Question of Lay Analysis, and Other Works; Translated Under the General Editorship of James Strachey in Collaboration with Anna Freud, Assisted by Alix Strachey and Alan Tyson.[With Portraits.]. Hogarth Press.

George, M. W. (2008). The elements of library research: What every student needs to know. Princeton University Press.

Han, J. (2014). To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before. Simon and Schuster.

Juliananda, K. R. (2023). Anxiety Experiences by Lara Jean in To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before by Jenny Han (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim).

Karandashev, V. (2017). Romantic love in cultural contexts. Springer International Publishing.

McKee, A. (2003). Textual analysis: A beginner's guide.

Safira, F. N. (2020). Romantic Love as Depicted in To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before by Jenny Han (Doctoral dissertation, Diponegoro University).

Simon & Schuster. (n.d.). To all the boys I’ve loved before: Special keepsake edition. Retrieved February 28, 2026, from https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/To-All-the-Boys-Ive-Loved-Before/Jenny-Han/To-All-the-Boys-Ive-Loved-Before/9781665951647

Yuwana, A. S., Utami, A. R., Clarista Ezra, P. S., & Desalfa, S. (2020). The Psychological Traits: Characters Personalities From Novel To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before.

Downloads

Published

2026-07-13

How to Cite

Nurul Izzaty, A., & Ningtyas, S. (2026). Anxiety and Defense Mechanism Analysis in Jenny Han’s To All The Boys I’ve Loved Before. LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies, 14(1), 44–53. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/litera-kultura/article/view/80518

Issue

Section

Articles
Abstract views: 0 , PDF Downloads: 2