RANCANG BANGUN ALAT TAPERING FIBER OPTIK BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO DENGAN SISTEM PEMANAS DAN PENARIKAN TERKENDALI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v15n1.p84-91Keywords:
alat tapering, termokopel tipe K, Arduino UNO, kalibrasi sensor, tapering device, type K thermocouple, sensor calibratioAbstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas perancangan dan pengembangan alat tapering fiber optik berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino UNO yang dilengkapi dengan sistem pemanas dan sistem penarik otomatis. Tujuan utama dari alat ini adalah untuk menghasilkan fiber optik bertaper yang presisi dan konsisten untuk mendukung aplikasi sensor berbasis gelombang evanescent. Sistem pemanas menggunakan kawat nikrom sebagai elemen pemanas yang dikendalikan oleh logika PID melalui sinyal PWM untuk menjaga suhu stabil pada kisaran 50–55 °C. Suhu diukur secara real-time menggunakan sensor termokopel tipe K yang terhubung ke modul MAX6675. Proses penarikan fiber dilakukan menggunakan motor stepper 28BYJ-48, yang hanya aktif ketika suhu telah mencapai suhu yang ditargetkan, untuk menghindari kesalahan yang tidak diinginkan pada fiber. Untuk menjamin kestabilan proses, sistem juga dilengkapi dengan sensor load cell yang dikalibrasi dan digunakan untuk memantau gaya tarik selama tapering berlangsung. Seluruh sensor, termasuk suhu dan gaya, telah melalui proses kalibrasi terhadap alat ukur standar untuk memastikan akurasi pembacaan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat mampu bekerja secara stabil dan menghasilkan fiber taper dengan bentuk waist yang halus, meruncing, dan simetris. Diameter hasil tapering bervariasi tergantung panjang penarikan, dan konsisten dengan prinsip penyempitan fiber. Sistem ini tidak hanya bekerja secara fungsional, tetapi juga sederhana, hemat biaya, dan fleksibel untuk digunakan di lingkungan laboratorium. Dengan demikian, alat ini sangat potensial untuk mendukung penelitian dan pengembangan sensor fiber optik untuk deteksi logam berat seperti Kadmium (Cd) dalam air.
Abstract
This study discusses the design and development of an Arduino UNO microcontroller-based optical fibre tapering tool equipped with a heating system and an automatic pulling system. The main purpose of this tool is to produce precise and consistent tapered optical fibres to support evanescent wave-based sensor applications. The heating system uses nichrome wire as the heating element, controlled by PID logic via PWM signals to maintain a stable temperature within the range of 50–55°C. Temperature is measured in real-time using a type K thermocouple sensor connected to the MAX6675 module. The fibre drawing process is performed using a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor, which only activates once the target temperature has been reached to avoid unintended errors in the fibre. To ensure process stability, the system is also equipped with a calibrated load cell sensor used to monitor the pulling force during tapering. All sensors, including temperature and force, have undergone calibration against standard measuring instruments to ensure reading accuracy. Test results show that the device operates stably and produces tapered fibres with a smooth, tapered, and symmetrical waist shape. The diameter of the tapered fibre varies depending on the drawing length and is consistent with the principle of fibre narrowing. This system not only functions effectively but is also simple, cost-effective, and flexible for use in a laboratory environment. As such, the device holds significant potential for supporting research and development of fibre optic sensors for detecting heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) in water.
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References
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