SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOKOMPOSIT Fe3O4-ZnO  SEBAGAI MATERIAL FOTOKATALIS DEGRADASI METHYLENE BLUE

Solikatul Badriyah; Munasir

doi:10.26740/ifi.v15n1.p14-20

Authors

Solikatul Badriyah Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Munasir Universitas Negeri Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v15n1.p14-20

Keywords:

fotokatalis, methylene blue, nanokomposit Fe3O4/ZnO, Photocatalyst, Fe3O4-ZnO Nanocomposite

Abstract

Abstrak

Beberapa tahun terakhir, pencemaran air disebabkan oleh berbagai industri tekstil produksinya menghasilkan limbah yang mengandung zat pewarna methylene blue. Dengan ini diperlukan material semikonduktor (seperti ZnO) yang mampu membantu kinerja fotokatalis untuk mengatasinya. Nanopartikel ZnO mudah rekombinasi pasangan elektron-lubang sehingga diperlukan penambahan Fe₃O₄ dapat membantu mengurangi rekombinasi muatan dan memperpanjang umur pasangan elektron-lubang, sehingga meningkatkan efisiensi degradasi polutan. Nanokomposit Fe₃O₄-ZnO (FZ) telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan metode hidrotermal sebagai kandidat material fotokatalis untuk degradasi polutan organik. Proses sintesis dilakukan dengan menggabungkan nanopartikel Fe₃O₄ dan prekursor ZnO dalam kondisi reaksi terkontrol. Karakterisasi struktur kristal menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa nanokomposit FZ memiliki puncak-puncak khas yang merepresentasikan fasa ZnO dan Fe₃O₄, yang mengindikasikan keberhasilan pembentukan komposit. Ukuran kristalit FZ diperoleh sebesar 33,99 nm dan tergolong dalam kategori nanokristal. Analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) menunjukkan adanya getaran regangan logam–oksigen, yaitu pita serapan Zn–O pada sekitar 440–450 cm⁻¹ dan Fe–O pada sekitar 563 cm⁻¹. Keberadaan kedua gugus ini mengonfirmasi integrasi kedua material dalam struktur nanokomposit. Dengan struktur kristal yang baik dan kehadiran gugus fungsional yang mendukung, nanokomposit Fe₃O₄-ZnO berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai material fotokatalis yang efektif dalam aplikasi pengolahan air limbah yang mengandung zat warna organik.

Abstract

In recent years, water pollution has become increasingly severe due to the discharge of dye-containing wastewater from various textile industries, with methylene blue being one of the most common and persistent pollutants. To address this issue, semiconductor materials such as zinc oxide (ZnO) are widely explored for their photocatalytic properties. However, ZnO nanoparticles suffer from rapid recombination of photo-generated electron–hole pairs, limiting their photocatalytic efficiency. To improve charge separation and enhance photocatalytic activity, the incorporation of magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles into ZnO has been proposed. In this study, Fe₃O₄-ZnO (FZ) nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal method under controlled reaction conditions. The crystal structure analysis using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of a composite material, with diffraction peaks corresponding to both ZnO and Fe₃O₄ phases. The crystallite size of the FZ nanocomposite was determined to be 33.99 nm, indicating the nanocrystalline nature of the material. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed characteristic metal–oxygen stretching vibrations, with absorption bands at approximately 440–450 cm⁻¹ for Zn–O and around 563 cm⁻¹ for Fe–O, confirming the successful integration of both metal oxides in the composite structure. Based on its crystalline properties and the presence of functional groups that facilitate photocatalytic reactions, the Fe₃O₄-ZnO nanocomposite exhibits great potential as an effective photocatalyst for the degradation of organic dyes in wastewater treatment applications.

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