DINAMIKA HIERARKI KEBUTUHAN TOKOH ARKAN DALAM NOVEL BARANANTA KARYA ZULFAMBR: KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI HUMANISTIK ABRAHAM MASLOW

Abstract

This study aims to describe the dynamics of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs in the character Arkan in Zulfambr's novel Barananta. The research approach is literary psychology with research data in the form of sentences, paragraph excerpts, and dialogue quotations relevant to the research question. The data source is Zulfambr's novel Barananta. The data collection technique uses reading and note-taking. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis. The results of the study found that (1) the form of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs for the character Arkan includes five levels that are not fully satisfied. Ultimately, Arkan's need for self-actualization was fulfilled through self-acceptance, dedication, and nationalism, which Arkan demonstrated despite his weakened physical condition. (2) The dynamics of fulfilling Arkan's needs were influenced by obstacles and support. Obstacles included illness and his social environment, which also provided motivation, emotional encouragement, and self-esteem reinforcement. (3) Factors influencing the fulfillment of needs include physical condition, social environment, and self-concept. Although he was not able to fully achieve all levels of needs perfectly, Arkan managed to find meaning in life through sacrifice and nationalism, making him a representation of humanity in the struggle to achieve self-actualization.

Keywords: dynamics, hierarchy of needs, Arkan, Novel Barananta