PENGEMBANGAN TES DIAGNOSTIK MATERI STRUKTUR ATOM, BENTUK MOLEKUL, DAN GAYA ANTAR MOLEKUL (THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC TEST ON ATOMIC STRUCTURE, MOLECULAR SHAPES, AND INTERMOLECULAR FORCES)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan tes diagnostik pada materi struktur atom, bentuk molekul dan gaya antar molekul yang memenuhi kelayakan dari segi validitas empiris, validitas logis, kelayakan media, dan kemampuan mendiagnosis kesulitan belajar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Research and Development (R&D) dari Sugiono yang dipadukan dengan metode pengembangan tes dari Djemari Mardapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tes diagnostik yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kelayakan dari segi empiris yang meliputi tingkat kesukaran, daya pembeda dan reliabilitas tes. Tes ini memiliki reliabilitas yang tinggi yaitu 0,7576. Dari hasil tersebut soal yang layak berdasarkan karakteristik tingkat kesukaran dan daya pembeda tes diagnostik yaitu  80,49% dan 90,24%. Berdasarkan validitas logis dan kelayakan medianya, tes yang dikembangkan dengan memadukan program PHP dan MySQL ini sangat layak untuk digunakan karena memiliki validitas logis 97,58% dan validitas media 90,56%. Berdasarkan diagnosis kesulitan belajarnya, media tes yang dikembangkan dapat dinyatakan layak karena telah dapat memenuhi fungsi-fungsinya dalam memunculkan ketuntasan keseluruhan materi peserta tes, ketuntasan tiap kompetensi dasar, ketuntasan tiap indikator, hubungan antar indikator dengan interpretasinya, dan interpretasi tiap soal. Selain itu juga terdapat prediksi tipe kesulitan belajar siswa berdasarkan ranah kognitif soal.

Kata Kunci: pengembangan tes diagnostik, fungsi tes diagnostik, tes diagnostik struktur atom.

 The aim of this  research is to develop diagnostic test on atomic structure, molecular shape, and intermolecular forces that meet eligibility of empirical validity, logical validity, feasibility of the media and the ability to diagnose learning difficulties. The research method used is a combination of Research and Development (R &D) from Sugiono and the method development test from Djemari Madapi. The result of this research showed the diagnostic test has been developed that meet eligibility of empirical that include level of difficulty, distinguishing and reliability test. This test has a high reliability is 0,7576. From these result, questions that meet based on level of difficulty and distinguishing of diagnostic developed are 80,49% and 90,24%. Based on logical validity and feasibility of the media that developed combination of PHP and MySQL program is very feasible because it has validity respectively 97,58% and 90,56%. Based on the diagnosis of learning difficulties, media test has been developed because fuctions has been fulfilled is to be able to show completeness of the whole matter of each test participants, completeness of each basic competencies, completeness of each indicator, relationship between indicators and interpretation of each question. Moreover, there are also predictions of student learning difficulties based on cognitive domain of question.

 Keywords: development of diagnostic test, diagnostic test function, diagnostic tests of atomic structure.