ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIASI PANJANG KOPLING TERHADAP EFISIENSI TRANSFER CAHAYA PADA SENSOR FIBER OPTIK DIRECTIONAL COUPLER

Febbrya Eka Dewi Waluyo; Muhimmatul Khoiro; Dzulkiflih

doi:10.26740/ifi.v14n3.p349-360

Authors

Febbrya Eka Dewi Waluyo Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Muhimmatul Khoiro Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Dzulkiflih Universitas Negeri Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v14n3.p349-360

Keywords:

Sensor fiber optik, Directional Coupler, Kadmium, gelombang evanescent, intensitas cahaya, Optical fiber sensor, Directional Coupler, Cadmium, evanescent wave, light intensity

Abstract

Abstrak

Industri air minum dalam kemasan yang berkembang pesat memicu peningkatan permintaan akan kualitas air yang lebih baik. Namun, kontaminasi logam berat, terutama kadmium (Cd²⁺), berisiko membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Kadmium dapat merusak organ dan sistem tubuh, sehingga diperlukan metode deteksi yang efisien dan sensitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sensor fiber optik berbasis Directional Coupler untuk mendeteksi kadmium dalam air minum. Sistem deteksi menggunakan Laser BF4R (660 nm) sebagai pemancar cahaya dan Sensor BF5R sebagai penerima. Variabel penelitian meliputi suhu larutan (25±0,5°C), panjang coupling (2,8 cm, 2,9 cm, dan 3,0 cm), konsentrasi larutan Cd (0,05 ppm, 0,10 ppm, dan 0,15 ppm), serta variasi konfigurasi nyala laser (ON-OFF, OFF-ON, ON-ON). Kalibrasi dilakukan dengan memeriksa perbandingan antara fiber optik dengan cladding dan tanpa core, memastikan kedua core fiber optik menempel dengan tepat. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengukur intensitas cahaya yang terkopel pada fiber optik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan panjang coupling 3,0 cm memberikan intensitas output tertinggi pada konfigurasi laser ON-OFF, dengan sensitivitas yang optimal untuk deteksi kadmium. Pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa panjang coupling yang lebih besar meningkatkan perpindahan cahaya antar fiber, dengan mode ganjil memperkuat gelombang evanescent yang meningkatkan efisiensi transfer energi. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa metode Directional Coupler pada fiber optik dapat diterapkan secara efisien untuk deteksi logam berat dalam air secara real-time dan dengan biaya rendah.

Abstract

The rapidly growing bottled drinking water industry has led to increased demand for higher water quality. However, contamination by heavy metals, particularly cadmium (Cd²⁺), poses significant health risks. Cadmium can damage organs and body systems, necessitating efficient and sensitive detection methods. This study aims to develop an optical fiber sensor based on the Directional Coupler method for detecting cadmium in drinking water. The detection system employs a BF4R laser (660 nm) as the light emitter and a BF5R sensor as the receiver. Research variables include solution temperature (25±0.5°C), coupling lengths (2.8 cm, 2.9 cm, and 3.0 cm), cadmium solution concentrations (0.05 ppm, 0.10 ppm, and 0.15 ppm), and laser activation configurations (ON-OFF, OFF-ON, ON-ON). Calibration was performed by comparing fiber optics with and without cladding, ensuring the precise alignment of the cores. Data collection was done by measuring the coupled light intensity on the optical fibers. Results showed that a coupling length of 3.0 cm provided the highest output intensity in the ON-OFF laser configuration, demonstrating optimal sensitivity for cadmium detection. The discussion revealed that longer coupling lengths enhance light transfer between fibers, with the odd mode strengthening the evanescent wave, thus increasing energy transfer efficiency. This research demonstrates that the Directional Coupler method in optical fibers can effectively detect heavy metals in water in real-time and at a low cost.

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