PERANAN TINGKAT KONDISI FISIK DAN KETERAMPILAN BERMAIN HOCKEY DALAM PENCAPAIAN PRESTASI

Abstract

Abstrak

Permainan hockey adalah permainan yang kemenangannya dihitung dari banyaknya bola masuk ke gawang lawan yang masing-masing pemainnya membutuhkan kelengkapan kondisi fisik dan keterampilan bermain yang baik guna untuk mengembangkan dan meningkatkan prestasi. Komponen kondisi fisik antara lain, kekuatan, daya tahan, daya ledak otot, kecepatan, koordinasi, fleksibilitas, kelincahan, keseimbangan, ketepatan, dan reaksi. Serta olahraga hockey memiliki beberapa macam keterampilan bermain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor kondisi fisik serta beberapa keterampilan bermain yang paling dominan dalam menentukan prestasi olahraga hockey. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian literatur review menggunakan 28 sumber literatur, 10 diantaranya digunakan sebagai data yang direview serta diambil dari sembilan database (Google Scholar, Ejournal UPI, Journal UNY, Research Article, Portal Garda, Sinta ristekbrin, JOSSAE) yang menunjukkan penelitian pencapaian prestasi olahraga hockey. Kesimpulan komponen dalam kondisi fisik yang dominan digunakan olahraga hockey diantaranya kelincahan, kecepatan, kekuatan, daya tahan aerobik dan anaeobik, power otot tungkai dan power otot lengan, sedangkan untuk keterampilan bermain yang paling menonjol dan penunjang prestasi adalah bidikan ke gawang (shooting) yang biasanya menggunakan teknik push, hit, slap shot, drive, dan sweep.

Kata Kunci: kondisi fisik; keterampilan bermain; prestasi hockey

Abstract

The game of hockey is a game in which the victory is calculated from the number of balls entering the opponent's goal, each player requires complete physical condition and good playing skills to develop and improve performance. The components of the physical condition include strength, endurance, muscle explosiveness, speed, coordination, agility, balance, accuracy, and reaction. As well as the sport of hockey has several kinds of playing skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical condition and playing skills that were most dominant in determining the achievement of hockey sports. By using the literature research method using 28 literature sources, 10 of which are used as data that are reviewed and retrieved from nine databases (Google Scholar, Ejournal UPI, UNY Journal, Research Article, Portal Garda, Sinta ristekbrin, JOSSAE) which shows research on sports achievement hockey. Conclusion: The components in the physical condition that hockey is predominantly used include agility, speed, strength, aerobic and anaeobic endurance, leg muscle strength and arm muscle strength, while the most prominent playing skills and performance support are aiming at goal (shooting). Which usually uses push, hit, slap shot, drive, and sweep techniques.

Keyword: physical conditioning; playing skills; hockey achievement