NEGOSIASI KEPERCAYAAN KOSMOLOGI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SAINS INFORMAL: PERAN SEKOLAH, MEDIA DIGITAL, DAN ANIME ORB

Rustu Buyung Adi Nurroh; Rini Wedhayanti

doi:10.26740/pensa.v14i2.77563

Authors

Rustu Buyung Adi Nurroh SMAN 1 Penajam Paser Utara
Rini Wedhayanti Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26740/pensa.v14i2.77563

Keywords:

heliosentrisme, kepercayaan kosmologi, literasi sains, media populer, pendidikan astronomi

Abstract

Studi kualitatif eksploratif ini menelaah bagaimana lima partisipan memaknai heliosentrisme, penalaran geosentris intuitif, dan klaim kosmologi non-arus utama dalam pembelajaran sains informal. Fokus penelitian dipersempit pada negosiasi sumber kepercayaan, bukan pada pengujian penguasaan konsep astronomi secara kuantitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara informal semi-terstruktur, observasi non-intervensi terbatas terhadap wacana publik di TikTok dan YouTube, arsip tangkapan layar diskusi publik bertema heliosentrisme-geosentrisme, serta pembacaan reflektif terhadap anime Orb: On the Movements of the Earth sebagai teks budaya populer. Jumlah lima partisipan dipilih karena penelitian berfungsi sebagai eksplorasi awal dengan variasi paparan epistemik; kecukupan data dinilai melalui keterulangan kategori awal, meskipun tidak diklaim sebagai saturasi teoretis penuh. Analisis tematik menunjukkan empat tema: sekolah sebagai otoritas penerimaan heliosentrisme, media populer sebagai pemantik minat, penalaran intuitif dan klaim non-arus utama, serta pergeseran otoritas epistemik di ruang digital. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa penerimaan heliosentrisme belum selalu disertai pemahaman bukti astronomi, sedangkan keraguan terhadap sains arus utama dapat dipengaruhi pengalaman inderawi, keterbatasan pengetahuan, tafsir literal, dan komunitas daring alternatif. Studi ini terbatas pada partisipan kecil dan dokumentasi digital eksploratif sehingga tidak dimaksudkan untuk generalisasi. Kontribusi artikel ini adalah menawarkan kerangka pedagogis awal untuk menghubungkan literasi sains, epistemic cognition, miskonsepsi astronomi, dan budaya populer dalam pembelajaran astronomi kritis.

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