PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SERAT BULU AYAM SEBAGAI BAHAN TAMBAHAN PADA CAMPURAN GENTENG BETON TERHADAP UJI KEMAMPUAN MEKANIS

Abstract

Abstrak

Genteng beton merupakan salah satu penutup atap yang baik, namun tidak banyak masyarakat yang menggunakan genteng beton dikarenakan genteng beton termasuk penutup atap yang cukup berat, mudah retak oleh karena itu dibutuhkan bahan tambahan untuk memperbaiki kelemahan genteng beton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serat bulu ayam terhadap besar beban lentur, ketahanan terhadap rembesan air, penyerapan air, keseragaman ukuran, dan kualitas genteng beton tanpa bahan tambah dan dengan bahan tambah serat bulu ayam. Perbandingan antara semen portland, kapur mill, dan pasir pada komposisi campuran genteng beton yaitu 1 PC : 2 KM : 2,5 PS. Sedangkan persentase penambahan serat bulu ayam 0%; 0,5%; 1%; 1,5%; dari berat pasir. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung rata-rata hasil pengujian kemudian dibandingkan dengan persyaratan SNI 0096-2007.

Hasil pengujian sifat tampak luar genteng beton permukaan atasnya mulus,siku, tidak terdapat retak, atau cacat lainnya. Hasil uji ukuran genteng beton pengait atas = 2,35 mm, pengait bawah = 2,17 mm, pengait samping = 0,97 mm, tengah = 1,07 mm, lekukan tengah = 1,83 mm, lekukan pengait atas = 2,23 mm, panjang + lekukan = 44,50 mm, P = 420 mm, L = 320 mm. Hasil pengujian berat genteng beton rata-rata pada penambahan serat serat bulu ayam 0% = 4,20 kg; 0,5% = 4,33 kg; 1% = 4,39 kg; 1,5% = 4,44 kg. Hasil pengujian penyerapan air (porositas) rata-rata genteng beton pada penambahan serat serat bulu ayam 0% = 1,59 %; 0,5% = 1,78 %; 1% = 2,14 %; 1,5% = 2.27 %. Hasil pengujian ketahanan terhadap rembesan air genteng beton dengan penambahan serat bulu ayam 0%; 0,5% ; 1%; 1,5% semuanya tidak terjadi rembesan. Hasil pengujian beban lentur rata-rata pada persentase penambahan serat bulu ayam 0% = 1223,47 N; 0,5% = 1256,53 N; 1% = 1355,73 N; 1,5% = 1521,07 N. Maka dari hasil pengujian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan bertambahnya persentase serat bulu ayam pada genteng beton dapat meningkatkan beban lentur hingga kondisi patah. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genteng beton dengan penambahan serat bulu ayam sudah memenuhi SNI 0096-2007 dari segi sifat tampak, dan ukuran, penyerapan air, beban lentur, dan rembesan air.

Kata kunci : bahan tambah, genteng beton, serat bulu ayam

Abstract

Concrete roof tiles are one of the good roof coverings, but not many people use concrete roof tiles because concrete roofs including roof coverings are quite heavy, easily cracked therefore additional materials are needed to improve the weakness of concrete tiles. This study aims to determine the effect of addition of chicken feather fibers on the amount of flexural load, resistance to water seepage, water absorption, uniformity of size, and quality of concrete tiles without added materials and with ingredients added to chicken feather fibers. Comparison between portland cement, lime mill and sand in the composition of concrete tile mix is ​​1 PC: 2 KM: 2.5 PS. While the percentage of addition of chicken feather fiber is 0%; 0.5%; 1%; 1.5%; from the weight of sand. Data analysis is done by calculating the average test results then compared with the requirements of SNI 0096-2007.

The results of testing the properties of the exterior appearance of concrete tiles smooth surface, elbows, no cracks, or other defects. The test results of the size of the hook concrete roof above = 2,35 mm, bottom hook = 2,17 mm, side hook = 0,97 mm, middle = 1,07 mm, middle groove = 1,83 mm, hook top hook = 2, 23 mm, length + indentation = 44.50 mm, P = 420 mm, L = 320 mm. The average weight test results of concrete tiles on addition of chicken feather fiber 0% = 4,20 kg; 0,5% = 4,33 kg; 1% = 4,39 kg; 1,5% = 4,44 kg. Test results of the average water absorption (porosity) of concrete tiles on the addition of chicken feather fiber 0% = 1,59%; 0,5% = 1,78%; 1% = 2,14%; 1,5% = 2.27%. Test results of resistance to concrete tile water seepage with addition of 0% chicken feather fiber; 0.5%; 1%; 1.5% of all seepage does not occur. The results of the average flexural load testing on the percentage of addition of chicken feather 0% = 1223,47 N; 0,5% = 1256,53 N; 1% = 1355,73 N; 1,5% = 15,07 N. So from the results of the test it can be concluded that by increasing the percentage of chicken feather fibers in concrete tiles can increase the flexural load until the condition is broken. Research shows that concrete tile with the addition of chicken feather fiber has fulfilled SNI 0096-2007 in terms of appearance, size and water absorption, flexural load, and water seepage.

Key words : added ingredients, concrete tile, chicken feather fiber