Pengembangan Program Rehabilitasi Sosial Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kesempatan Kerja Penyandang Disabilitas di UPT Rehabilitasi Sosial Cacat Tubuh Pasuruan

Abstract

Abstrak

Pendekatan dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptiif kualitatif.  Informan dalam penelitian ini terbagi menjadi dua yaitu klien yang merupakan informan utama, serta penyelenggara, instruktur, dan eks klien yang merupakan informan pendukung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi dengan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, display data, verifikasi data dan simpulan. Sedangkan untuk uji keabsahan data peneliti menggunakan kredibilitas, dependabilitas, konfirmabilitas, dan transferabilitas.

Penelitian yang dilakukan di UPT Rehabilitasi Sosial Cacat Tubuh Pasuruan  menunjukkan hasil bahwa: 1) Program rehabilitasi sosial di UPT Rehabilitasi Sosial Cacat Tubuh Pasuruan terdiri dari bimbingan pokok yaitu  bimbingan sosial, bimbingan mental, bimbingan keterampilan, dan bimbingan fisik dan bimbingan penunjang yaitu home industry dan bimbingan salon  2) Program Rehabilitasi Sosial di UPT Rehabilitasi Sosial Cacat Tubuh Pasuruan meliputi penerimaan, pemeriksaan kesehatan, pra rehabilitasi, assesment, pembinaan dan bimbingan sosial, resosialisasi, bimbingan lanjut, dan terminasi. 3) rehabilitasi sosial memiliki manfaat dalam mengembangkan berbagai sektor yang menjadi bekal positif dalam upaya peningkatan kesempatan kerja penyandang disabilitas. Perkembangan tersebut adalah perubahan sikap dan konsep diri, pengembangan kepercayaan diri, berani menghadapi tantangan, penyesuaian diri dengan lingkungan, dan pengembangan produktivitas vokasional. 4) kekurangan dari program rehabilitasi sosial di UPT Rehabilitasi Sosial Cacat Tubuh Pasuruan adalah luasnya daerah sasaran yang berpengaruh terhadap sosialisasi, terbatasnya pekerja profesional, kurang lengkapnya bimbingan yang ada, dan perbedaan latar belakang klien. Sedangkan kelebihannya adalah adanya dukungan dari pihak ketiga yang peduli akan masalah kesejahteraan sosial, dan semangat klien dalam mengikuti program rehabilitasi sosial.

Kata kunci: rehabilitasi sosial, penyandang disabilitas, dan kesempatan kerja.

Abstract

This study was a descriptive qualitative research within the same approach. Subjects of this study were the coordinator of the program as the main subject, also the client, social employee, and the ex clients as the supporting subjects. This study employed interview, observation, and documentation in collecting data, meanwhile in analysing the data, techniques used were data reduction, display data, verification and conclusion. Also, in maintaining the validity of the data, the researcher applied crdeibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability.

The results obtained showed that 1) there were two types guidance in the social rehabilitation program in disability social rehabilitation Technical and Operational Units of Pasuruan, they are basic guidance and supporting guidance. Basic guidance included social, mental, skill, and physical guidances, and supporting guidance contained home industry and beauty care guidance. 2) the activities which were done in the social rehabilitation program in disability social rehabilitation Technical and Operational Units of Pasuruan were reception, medical examination, pre rehabilitation, assessment, development and social guidance, resocialization, further guidance, and termination. 3) The social rehabilitation have some advantages in developing various sectors as an effort in advancing employment opportunity for people with disability. The development arise in the some sectors, they were changing attitudes and self-concept, the development of self confidence, encouraged to face challenges, adjusting to the environment, and the development of vocational productivity. 4) there were also disadvantages of this program, they were the extent of the target area which affect the socialisation, lack of professional workers, incomplete the material of guidance, differences of backgrounds among the clients. However, there were also advantages of this program, they were the supports of the third persons who care about the issue of social welfare, also the spirit of the clients in the social rehabilititation program.  

Keywords: social rehabilitation, employment opportunity.