PENENTUAN FENOLIK TOTAL, FLAVONOID TOTAL, DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK BAWANG LANANG (Allium sativum L.)
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC, TOTAL FLAVONOIDS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SINGLE BULB GARLIC EXTRACT (Allium sativum L.)
Abstract
Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can lead to damage to cells, tissues, and organs, which can lead to degenerative diseases. Oxidative stress can be reduced by increasing the body's immunity through antioxidants, where these antioxidants can be found in one of the natural ingredients, namely single bulb garlic. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of imported single bulb garlic with various solvents as a source of natural antioxidants based on total phenolic levels, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. The Follin-ciocalteu method was used to determine total phenol, total flavonoids were determined colorimetrically with AlCl3, and antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl) method. The results showed that the total phenolic extract of ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane were 13.77 (medium); 26.60 (medium); and 6.36 (low) mg GAE/gr extract. The total flavonoids of ethanol 96% extract, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane were 0.97; 2.88; and 0.47 mgQE / gr extract. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity (IC50 value) for 96% ethanol extract was 339.69 ppm (weak), 174.03 ppm for ethyl acetate extract (medium), and 430.48 ppm for dichloromethane extract (weak). Based on the research results, it can be concluded that imported single bulb garlic with the three solvents have potential as a source of natural antioxidants, but the test results are no better than total phenolic, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of local single bulb garlic.
Key words: Total Phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant, single bulb garlic
References
Adawiyah, R., 2018. Hubungan Perilaku Konsumsi Makanan, Minuman Instan da Aktivitas Fisik dengan status Gizi Siswa/i di SMP Dharma Pancasila Medan. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Yusnita & Nugraha, G. I., 2013. Pengaruh Pemberian Jeruk dengan Nanas pada Kadar Malondialdehid Plasma Subjek Terpapar Polusi Gas Buang Kendaraan Bermotor. MKB, Volume 45, pp. 91-97.
Anliza, S. & Hamtini, 2017. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol dari Daun Alocasia Macrorrhizos dengan Metode DPPH. Jurnal Medikes.
Parwata, M., 2016. Bahan Ajar Antioksidan. Bali: Kimia Terapan, Pascasarjana, Universitas Udayana.
Sayuti, K. & Yenrina, R., 2015. Antioksidan Alami dan Sintetik. Padang: Andalas University Press.
Berawi, K. N. & Agverianti, T., 2017. Efek Aktivitas Fisik pada Proses Pembentukan Radikal Bebas sebagai Faktor Risiko Ateroklerosis. Majority, Volume 6, pp. 85-90.
Prawitasari, D. S., 2019. Diabetes Melitus dan Antioksidan. KELUWIH: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran, Volume 1, pp. 48-52.
Fasya, A. & Assidiqy, H. P., 2020. Potensi Cengkeh sebagai Pencegah Kerusakan Mata Akibat Stres Oksidatif. Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional, Volume 2, pp. 45-54.
Zalukhu, M. L., Phyma, A. R. & Pinzon, R. T., 2016. Proses Menua, Stres Oksidatif, dan Peran Antioksidan. CDK-245, Volume 43.
Wibawa, J. C., Arifin, M. Z. & Herawati, L., 2020. Mekanisme Vitamin C Menurunkan Stres Oksidatif setelah Aktivitas Fisik. Journal of Spor and Education, pp. 57-63.
Amin, S., 2015. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Bawang Lanang terhadap Radikal Bebas DPPH. Jurnal Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada, pp. 124-129.
Miguel, C. R., 2017. Phenolic Antioxidant Capacity: A Review of the State of the Art. London: IntechOpen Limited.
Syamsu, N. et al., 2019. Korelasi Antara Kadar Total Flavonoid dan Fenolik dari Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Jati Putih (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika.
Wedhasari, A., 2014. Peran Antioksidan bagi Kesehatan. Jurnal Biotek Medisiana Indonesia, pp. 59-68.
Kothari, D., Lee, W. & Kim, S., 2020. Allium Flavonols: Health Benefits, Molecular Targets, dan Bioavailability. Antioxidants IX, pp. 1-35.
Bhara, P. & et al., 2014. Comparative Analytical Study of Single Bulb and Multi Bulb Garlic (Allium sativu Linn). Int. J. Ayu. Alt.Med., pp. 86-91.
Dewi, S. T. R., Salim, H. & Karim, D., 2020. Efek Pemberian Perasan Bawang Putih Lanang terhadap Daya Hambat Prtumbuhan Candida lbicans, Streptococcus mutans, dan Propionibacterium. Media Farmasi .
Januarti, I. B., Taufiq, H. & Sulistyaningsih, 2019. The Correlation of Total Flavonoid and Total Phenolic with Antioxidant Activity of Single Bulb Garlic (Allium sativum) from Tawangmangu and Magtan. Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas , Volume 16, pp. 96-103.
Harianto & Hasian, T., 2019. Uji Efektivitas Sifat Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Bawang Lanang pada Tikus Wistar Jantan yang Diinduksi Parasetamol. Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri.
Fachriyah, E. et al., 2020. Phytochemical Test, Determination of Total Phenol, Total Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activiy of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam). Jurnal Of Scientific and Applied Chemisty.
Sediarso, Saputra, E. & Efendi, K., 2018. Ekstrak Biji Petai (Parkia Spesiosa Hassk) sebagai Hepatprotektor Berdasarkan Kadar SGPT, SGOT dan Hisologi Hati Tikus Putih Jantan yang Diinduksi CCL-4. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, Volume 10, pp. 181-189.
Permaidi, A., Sutanto & Wardatun, S., 2018. Perbandingan Metode Ekstraksi Bertingkat dan Tidak Bertingkat terhadap Flavonoid Total Herba Ciplukan secara Kolorimetri. JOM Farmasi Unpak.
Harborne, J., 1987. Metode Fitokimia: Penuntun cara Modern Mnganalisis Tumuhan. Bandung: Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Wirasti, 2019. Penetapan Kadar Fenolik Total, Flavonoid Total, dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Benalu Petai (Scurrula atropurpurea Dans.) Beserta Penapisan Fitokimia. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Meicinal Sciences, pp. 1-5.
Sari, D. P., Oktavia, I. N. & Sutoyo, S., 2020. Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Batang Tumbuhan Ashitaba(Angelica keiskei). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia, pp. 174-184.
Utami, Y. P., Umar, A. H., Syahruni, R. & Kadullah, R., 2017. Standardisasi Simplisia dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Leilem. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Sciences, pp. 32-39.
Siswati, 2020. Analisa Kadar Air dan Kadar Abu pada Simplisia Temu Giring dan Simplisia Kunyit di Balai Riset Standarisasi Industri Batam. Batam: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Widyastuti, Maulifia, D. N. & Rohdiana, D., 2019. Karakteristik Mutu Ekstrak Teh Putih yang Dihasilkan dari Metode Maserasi Bertingkat dengan Pelarut n-heksana, Aseton 70%, dan Etanol 96%. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung, pp. 293-299.
Vifta, R. L. & Advistasari, Y. D., 2018. Skrining Fitokimia, Karakterisasi, dan Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak dan Fraksi-Fraksi Buah Parijoto. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Unimus, pp. 8-14.
Chezem, W. & Clay, N., 2016. Regulation of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Associated Specialized Cell Development by MYBs and bHLHs. Phytochemistry, pp. 26-47.
Djaafar, et al., 2012. Pengaruh Perendaman dan Perebusan terhadap Kandungan Protein, Gula, Total Fenolik dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Kerandang. Agritech, pp. 294-300.
Safaa, Y., Ahmed, N., & Mona, A., 2014. Screening of Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Selected Food Itms Cited in The Holly Quran. EJBS, vol. 4
Kupina S, Fields C, Roman MC & Brunelle SL, 2018. Determination of Total Phenolic Content Using the Follin-C Assay. J AOAC Int.
Andriani D & Murtisiwi L., 2018. Penetapan Kadar Fenolik Total Ekstrak Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) dengan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Cendikia J Pharm, pp. 32-38.
Mukhriani, et al., 2019. Kadar Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Etanol Daun Anggur (Vitis vinifera L). ad-Dawaa' J. Pharm, Volume 2, pp. 95-102.
Huliselan, Runtuwene & Wengkang, 2015. Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Etil Asetat, dan N-Heksana dari Daun Sesewanua. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi UNSRAT, pp. 155-163.
Tensiska, Marsetio & Yudiastuti, S. O. N., 2017. Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kasar Isoflavon dari Ampas Tahu. Hasil Penelitian Universitas Padjajaran, pp. 1-5.
Yulianthi, N.N.S., Suhendra, L., & Wrasiati, P., 2017. Pengaruh Perbandingan Jenis Pelarut terhadap Kandungan Senyawa Total Fenol, Tokofero, dan Total Karetenoid Ekstrak SUrgassym polycytum. Jurnal Rekayasa dan Manajemen Agroindustri, pp. 1-10,
Zhafira, R., 2018. Pengaruh Lama Aging Terhadap Sifat Fisik, Sifat Kimia, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Produk Bawang Hitam Lanang. Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri, pp. 34-42.
Liang, N. & Kitts, D., 2014. Antioxidant Property of Coffee Components: Assessment of Methods that Define Mechanisms of Action. Molecules, pp. 19180-19208.
Yosihara, D., Fujiwara, N., & Suzuki, K., 2010. Antioxidants: Benefits and Risk For Long-Term Health. Journal Maturitas, pp. 1-5.
Abstract Views: 198
PDF Downloads: 906
