The Relationship between Smoking Habits and Energy Intake with Muscle Fatigue in Athletes at the UNESA Athletics UKM
Keywords:
smoking habits, energy intake, muscle fatigueAbstract
Background: Muscle fatigue is a condition characterized by a decline in muscle ability to maintain performance during physical activity, influenced by various factors, including smoking habits and adequate energy intake. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between smoking habits and energy intake with muscle fatigue during exercise among athletes in the Athletics Club at Surabaya State University (UNESA). Methods: This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The study participants were 30 athletes from the Athletics Club, selected using total sampling. Data on smoking habits were collected via a smoking behavior questionnaire, and energy intake was measured using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), while muscle fatigue was assessed using the Repeat Anaerobic Ability (RSA) test. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate methods, including the Spearman correlation test. Results: The study found that the majority of respondents had smoking habits in the “low-risk” category (53%), energy intake in the “good” category (60%), and muscle fatigue levels in the “excellent” category (70%). The results of the Spearman correlation test showed a significant relationship between smoking habits (p=0.018; r=0.428) and energy intake (p=0.025; r=0.408) with muscle fatigue.
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