Penanggulangan Wabah Virus Flu burung (Avian Influenza) Di Surabaya pada tahun 2006-2011

Abstract

In 2006 the city of Surabaya an extraordinary event is occurred, it was an outbreak of a disease known as bird flu (Avian Influenza/AI). AI began to become an epidemic in Indonesia in 2003, starting with sudden deaths of chickens in large numbers due to indications of being infected with the influenza A (H5N1) virus. During 2006 to 2011 the World Health Organization (WHO) noted that there were 163 confirmed cases of bird flu in humans and 138 of them died. The large number of fatalities and losses caused by this virus indicates that this outbreak is a serious disaster. Various efforts were then carried out by the government during 2006 to 2011 by forming the National Committee for Avian Influenza and Influenza Pandemic (Komnas FBPI). Health history is the theme of historical research that rarely carried out, therefore this research is considered important to know how is the health condition of the people on Surabaya in 2006 to 2011 as well as government policies in dealing with AI. With this reason, this research was carried out.
This research was conducted using historical research methods in which there are four stages of research, namely, heuristics is the stage of conducting source searches from related sources regarding Surabaya in 2006 to 2011 and regarding the bird flu virus, such as the Jawa Pos newspaper 24 February 2006, as well as the Appendix of Regulations. Governor of East Java Date : January 24, 2007. In the second stage is source criticism, intended to conduct testing and verification of the sources that have been obtained, the criticism is carried out internally and externally on the sources and archives obtained. In the third stage, interpretation is carried out, this is the stage of interpreting sources that have been verified with the help of social and political science as well as auxiliary science from other disciplines. Finally, the fourth stage is historiography, Which is a chronological and analytical writing of history based on the selected research theme.
This study will discuss (1) how the entry and spread of the bird flu outbreak occurred in the city of Surabaya in 2006-2011; (2) How was the impact caused by the bird flu outbreak in the city of Surabaya 2006-2011; (3) How are the countermeasures taken by the government and the community in controlling and overcoming the bird flu outbreak in Surabaya City 2006-20011.
Based on the research conducted, it is known that the initial outbreak of bird flu was estimated from the spread of the virus through the migration of wild birds, in which the wild birds spread the virus mainly through feces which then interacted with poultry or livestock birds and the virus continued to spread and even infect humans through flu virus as a carrier, then the bird flu virus spreads in various areas, especially Surabaya. With the outbreak of the virus, it certainly has an impact on the economy and social conditions in the community so that the government takes action to deal with the avian flu virus that occurs, among its policies is to form the National Committee for Avian Influenza and Influenza Pandemic (Komnas FBPI) as the agency with special responsibility in tackling the virus and establish various policies in the community such as conducting isolation or quarantine, prohibiting travel to contaminated areas, depopulation of
infected animals and complete and correct vaccination of poultry.