EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN TEKNIK TIME OUT TERHADAP PERILAKU AGRESIF ANAK TUNAGRAHITA SEDANG DI SLB YPAC SURABAYA

Abstract

Abstrak

Perilaku adaptif penting bagi anak tunagrahita karena membantu mereka menyesuaikan diri dan meningkatkan kemampuan sosial. Sebaliknya, perilaku agresif dapat menghambat perkembangan sosial, menurunkan fungsi adaptif, dan memperburuk kemampuan sosial sehingga berisiko mengganggu pembelajaran. Salah satu teknik untuk mengatasi agresivitas adalah time out, yaitu mengeluarkan anak dari kondisi pemicu agar dapat mengendalikan diri dan memahami konsekuensi perilaku negatif. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa time out efektif menurunkan perilaku agresif sehingga penerapan time out menjadi strategi penting dalam intervensi anak tunagrahita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas teknik time out dalam mengurangi perilaku agresif anak tunagrahita sedang. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif jenis SSR (Single Subject Research), desain A-B-A dengan instrumen penelitian lembar observasi. Subjek penelitian adalah satu siswa tunagrahita sedang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dengan teknik analisis data visual antar dan dalam kondisi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan perilaku agresif pada anak tunagrahita sedang, ditunjukkan oleh arah kecenderungan yang menurun (−) dan perubahan level antar kondisi sebesar (+2) dan (+1) pada setiap perilaku. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan teknik time out efektif terhadap pengurangan perilaku agresif anak tunagrahita sedang. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini adalah teknik time out dapat menjadi salah satu strategi dalam mengurangi perilaku agresif anak tunagrahita sedang.
Kata Kunci : time out, perilaku agresif, tunagrahita sedang.

Abstract

Adaptive behavior is important for children with intellectual disabilities because it helps them adjust and improve their social skills. In contrast, aggressive behavior can hinder social development, reduce adaptive functioning, and worsen social abilities, potentially disrupting the learning process. One technique to manage aggression is time-out, which involves removing the child from triggering situations to help them regain self-control and understand the consequences of negative behavior. Research shows that time-out is effective in reducing aggressive behavior, making it an important strategy in interventions for children with intellectual disabilities. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the time-out technique in reducing aggressive behavior in children with moderate intellectual disabilities. The research uses a quantitative approach with a Single Subject Research (SSR) design, specifically an A-B-A design, and data was collected using observation sheets. The subject of the study was one student with moderate intellectual disability. Data collection was conducted through observation, and data analysis used visual analysis both within and across conditions. The results show a decrease in aggressive behavior in the child with moderate intellectual disability, indicated by a downward trend (−) and level changes of (+2) and (+1) across conditions for each behavior. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the time-out technique is effective in reducing aggressive behavior in children with moderate intellectual disabilities. The implication of this research is that time-out can be one of the strategies used to reduce aggressive behavior in children with moderate intellectual disabilities.

Keywords : time-out, aggressive behavior, moderate intellectual disability.