IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN OPEN ENDED PROBLEM MATERI ARITMATIKA SOSIAL SMP DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA

Abstract

Abstrak

Pada dasarnya, pendidikan merupakan proses untuk mengembangkan potensi diri dalam menghadapi setiap perubahan yang terjadi di kehidupan. Dalam mengembangkan potensi diri, diperlukan suatu kemampuan berpikir kreatif agar seseorang dapat memiliki berbagai macam kemungkinan cara dalam menyelesaikan suatu masalah. Berpikir kreatif perlu dikuasai siswa dan dikembangkan dalam setiap proses pembelajaran. Untuk mengetahui berpikir kreatif siswa, guru dapat memberikan lembar open ended problem. Hal tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang memiliki lebih dari satu cara penyelesaian yang benar. Dalam menyelesaikan masalah, siswa memiliki ide yang berbeda-beda berdasarkan kemampuan setiap siswa. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat berpikir kreatif siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan open ended problem materi aritmatika sosial ditinjau dari kemampuan matematika.

Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 4 Surabaya. Satu siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi dan satu siswa berkemampuan matematika sedang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode tes dan metode wawancara. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis berdasarkan tiga indikator berpikir kreatif yaitu kefasihan, fleksibilitas, dan kebaruan. Selanjutnya peneliti mengelompokan dua siswa tersebut berdasarkan tingkat berpikir kreatif yang dimilikinya.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi dalam menyelesaikan open ended problem materi aritmatika sosial diidentifikasi memenuhi tiga indikator berpikir kreatif diantaranya kefasihan, fleksibilitas, dan kebaruan serta memiliki tingkat berpikir kreatif 4 (sangat kreatif). Sedangkan siswa berkemampuan matematika sedang dalam menyelesaikan open ended problem materi aritmatika sosial diidentifikasi memenuhi dua indikator berpikir kreatif diantaranya kefasihan dan fleksibilitas serta memiliki tingkat berpikir kreatif 3 (kreatif).

Kata Kunci: berpikir kreatif, kemampuan matematika.

Abstract

Basically, education is process of developing self-potential to confront every change that happen in life. On developing self-potential needed creative thinking ability so someone can have various possibilities ways in solving a problem. Creative thinking need to be mastered by students, and developed in every process on learning. To know creative thinking of students, teacher can provide an open problem sheet. It aims to know how ability of students in solve the problem which has more than one ways correct. Students solve the problem with their own ideas based on their abilities. The purpose of this research is to describe creative thinking level of junior high school students in solving open ended problem of social arithmetic matters reviewed from mathematics ability differences.

The type of this research is qualitative descriptive. The subjects of this research are two students from grade VII A of SMP Negeri 4 Surabaya. One student with high mathematics ability and the other one with medium mathematics ability. Data collection methods used were mathematical ability test method, open ended problem test method, and interview method. The data obtained were analyzed based on three indicators of creative thinking: fluency, flexibility, and novelty. Then, the researcher grouped the two students based on the level of creative thinking they have.

The result of the research showed that the female students with high mathematics ability in solving open ended problem social arithmetic matter are identified satisfy three indicators of creative thinking such as a fluency, flexibility, and novelty and she have creative thinking 4th level (very creative). While, the female students with medium mathematics ability in solving open ended problem social arithmetic matter are identified satisfy two indicators of creative thinking such as a fluency and flexibility and she have creative 3rd level (creative).

Keywords: creative thinking, mathematics ability.