Rasionalitas Pasangan Usia Subur Memilih Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang Pada Masa Pandemi Di Desa Sumberkarang

Abstract

Abstrak

Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi Jangka Panjang (MKJP) memiliki banyak manfaat. Pada masa pandemi akseptor MKJP mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Peningkatan akseptor MKJP terjadi di Kampung KB Percontohan Desa Sumberkang. Menurut data laporan Petugas Lapangan KB Kecamatan Dlanggu, peningkatan akseptor MKJP mencapai dua kali lipat dari tahun sebelumnya. Jumlah  akseptor MKJP diperkirakan akan terus bertambah. Peningkatan akseptor MKJP terjadi selama pandemi Covid-19. Hal ini membuat ketertarikan peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi rasionalitas pasangan usia subur memilih MKJP pada masa pandemi. Subyek penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang berkaitan dengan fokus penelitian. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pisau analisis teori rasionalitas Max Weber untuk menjelaskan fenomena yang terjadi. Menurut Max Weber, ada empat macam tindakan rasional yaitu tindakan rasional instrumental, tindakan rasional nilai, tindakan affektual, tindakan tradisional. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu kondisi perekonomian keluarga menjadi pertimbangan memillih MKJP. Kondisi perekonomian mendorong pasangan usia subur untuk membatasi jumlah anak dan mencegah kehamilan tidak direncanakan. Tindakan tersebut menurut Max Weber merupakan tindakan rasional instrumental. Pasangan usia subur menolak KB atas dasar nilai agama dan nilai anak termasuk dalam tindakan rasional nilai. Tindakan affektual yang dilakukan pasangan usia subur pengguna MKJP yaitu perasaan takut terhadap penyebaran viru corona. Pasangan usia subur mempertimbangkan saran dari saudara dan tetangga termasuk tindakan tradisional.

Kata Kunci: MKJP, Pandemi Covid-19, Teori Rasionalitas

Abstract

The use of long-term contraceptive methods (MKJP) has many benefits. During the pandemic, MKJP acceptors experienced a significant increase. The increase in MKJP acceptors occurred in the KB Pilot Village, Sumberkarang Village. According to data from the KB Field Officer in Dlanggu District, the increase in MKJP acceptors has doubled from the previous year. The number of MKJP acceptors is expected to continue to grow. The increase in MKJP acceptors occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic. This makes researchers interested in conducting research. This study was conducted to identify the rationality of couples of childbearing age choosing MKJP during the pandemic. Research subjects were selected using purposive sampling technique. Researchers used qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach. This study uses primary and secondary data related to the research focus. The data analysis technique in this study used the interactive technique of Miles and Huberman. This study uses Max Weber's theory of rationality analysis to explain the phenomena that occur. According to Max Weber, there are four kinds of rational action, namely instrumental rational action, value rational action, affective action, and traditional action. The result of this study is that the family's economic condition is a consideration in choosing MKJP. Economic conditions encourage couples of childbearing age to limit the number of children and prevent unplanned pregnancies. The action according to Max Weber is an instrumental rational action. Couples of childbearing age refuse family planning on the basis of religious values ​​and the value of the child is included in the value rational act. Affectual actions taken by couples of childbearing age using MKJP are feelings of fear of the spread of the corona virus. Couples of childbearing age consider suggestions from relatives and neighbors including traditional actions.

Key Word: Long-term contraceptive methods, Covid-19 pandemic, Theory of rationality