Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Materi Limit Fungsi Trigonometri

Abstract

Abstrak

Soal cerita berperan penting dalam pembelajaran matematika karena ketika siswa dihadapkan pada soal cerita, siswa akan lebih mengetahui hakekat suatu masalah matematika. Satu diantara masalah yang siswa lakukan adalah masalah yang berkaitan dengan soal cerita materi limit fungsi trigonometri. Berdasarkan pengalaman peneliti saat mengajar di SMA Negeri 3 Bangkalan, masih banyak siswa yang seringkali melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita yang berkaitan dengan limit fungsi trigonometri serta penerapannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan demikian, perlu dilakukan analisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi limit fungsi trigonometri. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan letak kesalahan, jenis kesalahan, dan faktor penyebab siswa melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi limit fungsi trigonometri. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode tes dan wawancara. Berdasarkan analisis data disimpulkan bahwa letak kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi limit fungsi trigonometri adalah: (1) salah dalam memahami soal, (2) salah dalam membuat model matematika, (3) salah dalam menyelesaikan model matematika, (4) salah dalam menentukan kesimpulan. Sedangkan jenis kesalahannya antara lain: (1) konsep, (2) operasi, (3) fakta, dan (4) prinsip. Selanjutnya, faktor penyebab kesalahannya antara lain: (1) subjek tidak cermat dalam menuliskan konsep padahal siswa memahami konsep tersebut (kurang teliti), (2) subjek tidak cermat atau salah dalam menggunakan aturan-aturan atau rumus-rumus matematika terutama dalam materi prasyarat, (3) subjek kurang teliti dalam menuliskan fakta pada soal, (4) subjek tidak cermat dalam melakukan perhitungan, (5) subjek salah dalam menuliskan kesimpulan akhir sesuai kesimpulan akhir yang diminta dalam soal.

Kata Kunci: soal cerita, materi limit fungsi trigonometri, analisis kesalahan siswa.

Abstract

The problem based on story has an important role in mathematics learning because when students are faced with a matter of stories, students will know more about the nature of a mathematical problem. One of the problems that students is a problem related to the story matter of the limit of trigonometric functions. Based on the experience of the researchers while teaching in SMA 3 Bangkalan, there are still many students who often make mistakes in solving story problems related to the limit of trigonometric functions and their application in daily life. Thus, it is necessary to analyze student errors in solving the limit questions for trigonometric functions. The study aims to describe the location of mistakes, type of mistakes, and factors that cause students to make mistakes in solving the boundary questions of trigonometric functions. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study using test and interview methods. Based on the data analysis, it was concluded that the location of errors made by students in solving the story problems in the material limit of trigonometric functions are: (1) misunderstanding the problem, (2) making a mathematical model, (3) incorrectly completing the mathematical model, (4) wrong in determining conclusions. While the types of mistakes are: (1) conceptual, (2) operating, (3) fact, and (4) principle. Furthermore, the causes of the mistakes include: (1) the subject is not careful in writing concepts even though students understand the concept (inaccurate), (2) the subject is inaccurate or wrong in using mathematical rules or formulas, especially in prerequisite material , (3) the subject is not careful in writing the facts on the question, (4) the subject is not careful in performing calculations, (5) the subject is wrong in writing the final conclusions according to the final conclusions asked in the questions.

Keywords: problem based on story, limit material for trigonometric functions, analysis of student errors.