KARAKTERISTIK SILIKA DARI LIMBAH PADAT HASIL SINTESIS FURFURAL BERBAHAN DASAR SEKAM PADI SILICA CHARACTERIZTIC FROM SOLID WASTE OF SYNTHESIS MADE FROM FURFURAL BASIC HUSK RICE

Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik silika dari limbah padat hasil proses sintesis furfural berbahan dasar sekam padi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 tahap, tahap pertama adalah persiapan limbah padat, tahap kedua adalah pembuatan dan karakterisasi silika. Persiapan limbah padat dilakuakan dengan cara mensintesis furfural dari sekam padi dengan metode refluks. Pembuatan silika dilakukan dengan tahap dehidrasi, pemanasan dengan lama 2 jam, 3 jam, dan 4 jam, ekstraksi dengan KOH, pengendapan dengan HCl 5% dan 10 %. Karakterisasi silika dilakukan dengan uji kadar air, kadar abu, daya adsorpsi terhadap I₂ hasil yang diperoleh dibandingan dengan SNI 06-2477-1991, sedangkan hasil penentuan gugus fungsi silika dibandingkan dengan teori. Karakteristik silika terbaik diperoleh dari pemanasan 4 jam dengan konsentrasi HCl 10 % karena memiliki kadar air terendah sebesar 8,12 %, kadar abu terendah sebesar 30,06 %, serta daya adsorpsi terhadap I₂ tertinggi sebesar 414,459 mg/g. Penentuan gugus fungsi silika dengan dalam penelitian ini mengandung gugus silanol dan siloksan.

Kata kunci: karakterisasi silika, limbah padat furfural, sekam padi.

Abstract. The aim of this research is to know the characteristic of silica from solid waste of furfural synthesis process from rice husk as raw materials. This research concist of two processes. The first process was solid waste preparation and the second process was making and characterization of silica. Solid waste preparation was done by synthesizing furfural from the rice husk by reflux method. Silica preparation was conducted including dehydration process, heating during2 hours, 3 hours and 4 hours, extraction with KOH, precipitation with HCl 5% and 10%. Characteristics of silica was done by testing moisture content, ash content, the adsorption capacity of the I₂, in which their results compared with SNI. determination of functional groups of silika are carried out by comparing to those of literature. The best characteristics of silica is obtained from heating during 4 hours with 10 % HCl because it has the lowest moisture content as 8.12%, the lowest ash content as 30.06%, and the highest adsorption power of I₂ as 414.459 mg / g. Functional groups of silica obtained in this research have silanol and siloxane.

Keyword: silica characterisatic, solid waste of furfural, rice husk.