Effectiveness of Nutrition Education Intervention on Anemia Status in Adolescent Girls: A Literature Review
Keywords:
anemia, nutrition education, hemoglobin, adolescent girls, narrative reviewAbstract
Anemia is a micronutrient problem that is still common in adolescent girls, especially in developing countries. Nutrition education interventions have been widely used as a preventive approach to reduce the prevalence of anemia, but their effectiveness on changes in hemoglobin levels still shows varying results. This study aims to analyze the results of nutritional education intervention studies on anemia status in adolescent girls and identify factors that influence the success of these interventions. A search was conducted through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria included intervention studies measuring changes in hemoglobin levels after nutrition education in adolescent girls and published between 2015-2024 and nine related articles were retrieved. The study results showed an increase in hemoglobin levels after the intervention. Factors such as intervention duration, delivery method, and social support have been shown to influence the effectiveness of nutrition education. Programs that take place over several weeks with a participatory approach and involve the participants' environment show more consistent results in increasing hemoglobin levels. Conversely, short and passive interventions tend to be less effective. Therefore, nutritional education has great potential as a strategy to overcome anemia if it is designed comprehensively and adjusted to the social background.
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