PERGERAKAN FASISME DAN NASIONALIS-SOSIALIS DI PULAU JAWA TAHUN 1933-1945

Abstract

One of the most important ideologies that had given great influence to national revival in Europe and the World globally of the early XX century was fasism and nationalist-socialism. These Ideologies spread and competed with another great ideologies, such as liberalism, capitalism, socialism, and communism. As the main part of the European colonies, Asia had been affected by the spread of world facism, and nationalist-socialism immediately, including the Dutch-East-Indies, ecspecially on the island of Java. The creation of facism and nationalist-socialism on the islands of Java which were inseparable from the coming of these ideologies to their mother country, the Kingdom of Netherlands, so it created some of party such as Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging (NSB), Partai Fasis Indonesia (PFI), Partai Indonesia Raya (Parindra), and Gerakan Rakyat Indonesia (Gerindo). The outbreak of the Second World War brought the facism and nationalist-socialism to be one of the special movement in the islands of Java. The combination between historical romanticism and the presence of these “extreme” ideologies, influenced the nation’s leaders in expressing their thoughts, so these ideologies indeed gave a special part to the independence of Indonesia.

Keywords: Facism, Nationalism-Socialism, Ideology