Jejak Budaya di Balik Nasi Krawu: Analisis Historis Transformasi Kuliner Tradisional Gresik sebagai Ikon Budaya Kota

Authors

  • Rivena Amallia Universitas Negeri Surabaya
  • Muhammad Yazid Al Busthomi Universitas Insan Cita Indonesia
  • Khilmi Reza Maulana Universitas Sunan Gresik
  • Budi Marta Saudin King Saud University

Abstract

Abstrak

Nasi krawu tidak hanya hadir sebagai makanan khas Gresik, tetapi juga sebagai arsip budaya yang merekam mobilitas, perjumpaan pesisir, kerja rumah tangga, dan perubahan ekonomi kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan jejak budaya di balik nasi krawu serta menjelaskan transformasinya dari kuliner tradisional menjadi ikon budaya kota. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif sejarah melalui empat tahap, yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Data diperoleh dari artikel ilmiah, dokumen Warisan Budaya Takbenda, laman resmi pemerintah daerah, literatur sejarah Gresik, dan kajian mutakhir tentang kuliner, warisan budaya, foodways, serta city branding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nasi krawu terbentuk melalui dinamika historis Gresik sebagai kota bandar dan ruang perjumpaan masyarakat Jawa, Madura, Islam pesisir, serta jaringan perdagangan. Komponen nasi, daging suwir, serundeng, sambal, dan daun pisang bekerja sebagai simbol material yang menghubungkan rasa, memori, dan identitas lokal. Transformasi nasi krawu berlangsung melalui domestikasi resep, komersialisasi warung, digitalisasi UMKM, dan pengakuan sebagai Warisan Budaya Takbenda. Kesimpulannya, nasi krawu merupakan ikon budaya kota karena mampu mengikat sejarah, ekonomi rakyat, dan kebanggaan kolektif Gresik.

Kata Kunci : Nasi krawu; Gresik; kuliner tradisional; sejarah budaya; ikon kota

 

Abstract

Nasi krawu is not only a signature dish of Gresik but also a cultural archive that documents mobility, coastal encounters, domestic labor, and the city’s economic changes. This study aims to describe the cultural traces behind nasi krawu and explain its transformation from a traditional dish into a cultural icon of the city. The study employs a qualitative historical method through four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data were obtained from scholarly articles, Intangible Cultural Heritage documents, official local government websites, historical literature on Gresik, and recent studies on cuisine, cultural heritage, foodways, and city branding. The research findings indicate that nasi krawu emerged through the historical dynamics of Gresik as a port city and a meeting place for Javanese, Madurese, and coastal Islamic communities, as well as trade networks. The components of the dish—rice, shredded meat, serundeng, sambal, and banana leaves—function as material symbols that connect taste, memory, and local identity. The transformation of nasi krawu has unfolded through the domestication of recipes, the commercialization of street food stalls, the digitalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and its recognition as Intangible Cultural Heritage. In conclusion, nasi krawu serves as a cultural icon of the city because it bridges Gresik’s history, the local economy, and collective pride.

Keywords : Nasi krawu; Gresik; traditional cuisine; cultural history; city icon

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Published

2026-01-05

How to Cite

Amallia, R., Al Busthomi, M. Y., Khilmi Reza Maulana, & Budi Marta Saudin. (2026). Jejak Budaya di Balik Nasi Krawu: Analisis Historis Transformasi Kuliner Tradisional Gresik sebagai Ikon Budaya Kota . Avatara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah, 17(1), 82–94. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/avatara/article/view/79512
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