Studi Literatur: Pentingnya Dukungan Sosial Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v12n01.p74-80Keywords:
Anak berkebutuhan khusus, dukungan sosial, orang terdekatAbstract
Anak berkebutuhan khusus memiliki hak yang sama seperti orang-orang normal pada umumnya. Hak yang dimaksud di sini adalah hak untuk mendapatkan pendidikan setara, hak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan, dan juga hak untuk mendapatkan dukungan sosial dari orang-orang yang berada di sekitarnya, seperti contohnya keluarga, kerabat, guru, teman sekolah, dan lain-lain. Kita yang diciptakan dengan bentuk fisik yang lengkap tanpa kurang suatu apapun pastinya juga membutuhkan dukungan sosial dari orang-orang terdekat kita, begitupun juga anak berkebutuhan khusus. Dapat dikatakan dalam hal ini dukungan sosial menjadi salah satu hal yang dibutuhkan oleh manusia agar dapat berkembang dengan baik di lingkungan sosialnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mengetahui seberapa pentingnya dukungan sosial bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus dan menjelaskan terkait dukungan sosial apa saja yang dapat diberikan kepada anak berkebutuhan khusus. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian studi literatur dari 13 jurnal maupun buku yang berkaitan dengan dukungan sosial bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus dari tahun 2015-2022. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial digambarkan sebagai sesuatu yang dapat diberikan seseorang kepada orang lain atau kelompok yang dimana bantuan ini dapat berupa kenyamanan, perhatian, penghargaan, ketenangan dan kepedulian. Anak berkebutuhan khusus memperoleh dukungan sosial dari orang-orang terdekat, seperti keluarga, guru, dan teman sebaya, terutama orang tua.
Abstract
Children with special needs have the same rights as normal people in general. The rights referred to here are the right to equal education, the right to protection, and the right to social support from the people around them, such as family, relatives, teachers, school friends, and others. We who are created with complete physical forms without any deficiencies certainly also need social support from those closest to us, and so do children with special needs. It can be said that in this case, social support is one of the things needed by humans to develop well in their social environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the importance of social support for children with special needs and to explain the types of social support that can be provided to them. In this study, the researcher used a qualitative approach. The researcher employed a literature review method, analysing 13 journals and books related to social support for children with special needs from 2015 to 2022. The results of this study indicate that social support is described as something that can be provided by one person to another or to a group, where this assistance can take the form of comfort, attention, appreciation, calmness, and concern. Children with special needs receive social support from those closest to them, such as family, teachers, and peers, particularly parents.
Downloads
References
Aspers, P., & Corte, U. (2019). What is Qualitative in Qualitative Research. Qualitative Sociology, 42(2), 139–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11133-019-9413-7
Campbell, M., Gilmore, L., & Macedonia, W. (2014). The Importance of Social Support for Students with Intellectual Disability : An Intervention to Promote Mental Health and Well-Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 09(1), 21–28. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/70449/
Dash, N. (2019). Social Support Services for Children with Disabilities. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344557110_Social_Support_Services_for_Children_with_Disabilities_Inclusive_Education_DrNeena_Dash
Hapke, L. (2015). Social Support Networks Among Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Honors Theses and Capstones, 250. https://scholars.unh.edu/honors/250/
Kumala, F. N. F., Kamalia, A., & Khotimah, S. K. (2022). Gambaran Dukungan Sosial Keluarga yang Memiliki Anak Tuna Rungu. Personifikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi, 13(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.21107/personifikasi.v13i1.13292
Kurniawati, Y., Faizah, F., & Rahma, U. (2018). Dukungan Sosial Dan Empati Pada Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Berdasar Jenjang Sekolah Menengah Dan Perguruan Tinggi. Insight : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Psikologi, 14(2), 200. https://doi.org/10.32528/ins.v14i2.1393
Kusumastuti, A., & Khoiron, A. M. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif.
Mamas, C., Bjorklund, P., Daly, A. J., & Moukarzel, S. (2020). Friendship and support networks among students with disabilities in middle school. International Journal of Educational Research, 103(May), 101608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101608
Mantri-Langeveldt, A., & Dada, S. (2019). Measures For Special Support In Raising A Child With A Disability: A Scoping Review. NIH: National Library of Medicine, 45(2), 1–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.12646
Rosalina, T. A., & Apsari, N. C. (2020). Dukungan Sosial Bagi Orang Dengan Disabilitas Netra Dalam Pencapaian Prestasi Di Sekolah Luar Biasa. Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 7(2), 414–424. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v7i2.28486
Safitri, H., & Solikhah, U. (2020). Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial dengan Kemampuan Interaksi Sosial Anak Berkebu_tuhan Khusus di SLB C Yakut Purwokerto. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah, September, 302–310. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/jkm.v0i0.5619
Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104(March), 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039
Widhiati, R. S. A., Malihah, E., & Sardin, S. (2022). Dukungan Sosial dan Strategi Menghadapi Stigma Negatif Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Dalam Pendidikan. Jurnal Paedagogy, 9(4), 846–857. https://doi.org/10.33394/jp.v9i4.5612
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Melannie Putri Pradani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Copyright in any article is held by the author.
The author grants the journal, publication rights with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors may enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., posting it to an institutional repository or publishing it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in an institutional repository or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as this can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Abstract views: 61
,
PDF Downloads: 16
