Rasa Bersalah Pada Ibu Dengan Anak Penyandang Intellectual Disability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v12n01.p81-88Keywords:
Rasa Bersalah, Ibu, Disabilitas IntelektualAbstract
Intellectual disability merupakan anak berkebutuhan khusus yang memiliki kemampuan pikir dan nalar lemah dan berdampak pada kemampuan adaptasi sosial dan belajar anak berada di bawah rata-rata. Berdasarkan data Kemenkes RI pada tahun 2022 terdapat ada 5,2 juta jiwa anak Indonesia yang mengalami intellectual disability. Saat mengetahui anak merupakan penyandang intellectual disability akan muncul berbagai reaksi dari ibu, seperti reaksi emosional yang berupa sedih, marah, dan rasa bersalah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran rasa bersalah yang dialami oleh ibu yang mempunyai anak penyandang intellectual disability serta mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi rasa bersalah tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diketahui bahwa rasa bersalah yang dialami oleh ibu yang mempunyai anak penyandang intellectual disability ialah berupa penyesalan yang mendalam dan kritik diri ibu, rasa bersalah juga mempengaruhi pola pikir ibu yang berpikir bahwa hambatan yang terjadi akibat kesalahan yang telah dilakukan selama kehamilan dan pola asuh saat perkembangan anak. Selain itu, dalam perilakunya ibu berusaha untuk bertanggung jawab akan keadaan yang dialami oleh anak, dengan menyekolahkan anak di SLB, terapi psikolog, dan konsultasi dengan guru yang paham kondisi anak. Faktor lain yang mempengaruhi rasa bersalah ibu ialah kurangnya dukungan keluarga dalam perkembangan anak, serta pandangan buruk dari keluarga dan lingkungan akan keadaan yang terjadi.
Abstract
Intellectual disability refers to children with special needs who have weak cognitive and reasoning abilities, which affect their social adaptation and learning skills, putting them below the average level. Based on data from the Kemenkes RI in 2022, there are 5,2 million Indonesian children with intellectual disabilities Upon learning that a child has an intellectual disability, various reactions can arise from the mother, such as emotional responses including sadness, anger, and guilt. The aim of this research is to understand the guilt experienced by mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities and to identify the factors influencing this guilt. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Based on the research results, it was found that the guilt experienced by mothers of children with intellectual disabilities includes deep regret and self-criticism. The guilt also affects the mother's mindset, leading her to believe that the challenges faced by the child are due to mistakes made during pregnancy and in the parenting approach during the child's development. Additionally, in their behavior, mothers try to take responsibility for their child's condition by sending them to special education schools (SLB), seeking psychological therapy, and consulting with teachers who understand the child's condition. Other factors influencing the mother's guilt include a lack of family support in the child's development, as well as negative perceptions from family and the community regarding the child's condition.
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References
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