Intervensi Terapi Perilaku pada Anak dengan Hambatan Sosial-Komunikasi Pascapandemi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v12n02.p905-913Keywords:
Terapi perilaku, hambatan sosial-komunikasi, anak pascapandemi, perkembangan anakAbstract
Pandemi COVID-19 telah memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap perkembangan sosial dan komunikasi anak, terutama mereka yang tumbuh dengan keterbatasan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses intervensi terapi perilaku pada anak dengan disabilitas sosial-komunikatif pasca pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus pada anak perempuan berusia 5 tahun yang menjalani terapi di Klinik Tumbuh Kembang dan Kebutuhan Khusus RS Graha Husada Gresik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara alloanamnesa, dan dokumentasi hasil terapi. Intervensi dilakukan selama satu bulan (April–Mei 2025) sesuai dengan prinsip Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). Subjek menunjukkan peningkatan keterampilan komunikasi ekspresif, atensi visual, dan kemampuan mengikuti instruksi. Perilaku maladaptif seperti distraksi, ekolalia, dan stimming berkurang secara signifikan. Terapi perilaku berbasis ABA efektif berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan komunikasi anak dengan gangguan perkembangan, terutama dengan dukungan lingkungan keluarga yang positif.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on children's social and communication development, especially those who grow up with social limitations. This study aims to describe the process of behavioral therapy intervention in children with social-communicative disabilities after the pandemic. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method on a 5-year-old girl undergoing therapy at the Growth and Development and Special Needs Clinic at Graha Husada Hospital in Gresik. Data collection was conducted through observation, alloanamnesis interviews, and documentation of therapy results. The intervention was carried out for one month (April–May 2025) in accordance with the principles of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). The subject showed improvements in expressive communication skills, visual attention, and the ability to follow instructions. Maladaptive behaviors such as distraction, echolalia, and stimming were significantly reduced. ABA-based behavioral therapy effectively contributes to improving the social and communication skills of children with developmental disorders, especially with the support of a positive family environment.
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