Pengaruh Lingkungan Keluarga dan Hubungan Teman Sebaya Terhadap Perilaku Prososial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v13n03.p866-895Keywords:
Lingkungan Keluarga, Hubungan Teman Sebaya, Perilaku PrososialAbstract
Latar Belakang: Perilaku prososial merupakan aspek penting dalam perkembangan sosial remaja, namun masih ditemukan rendahnya kepedulian, kerja sama, dan kesediaan membantu sesama pada siswa, sehingga diperlukan kajian mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya, khususnya lingkungan keluarga dan hubungan teman sebaya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan keluarga dan hubungan teman sebaya terhadap perilaku prososial pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei dan desain penelitian asosiatif. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa SMP Negeri 149 Jakarta dengan sampel sebanyak 205 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik proporsional stratified random sampling . Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang telah memenuhi uji validitas dan reliabilitas, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif serta analisis regresi berganda linier. Hasil: Persamaan regresi yang diperoleh adalah Ŷ = −17,62 + 0,377X₁ + 0,426X₂. Hasil uji simultan menunjukkan nilai F sebesar 31,543 dengan signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05), yang menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan keluarga dan hubungan teman sebaya secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku prososial. Secara parsial kedua variabel juga memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku prososial siswa. Simpulan: Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan keluarga yang kondusif dan hubungan teman sebaya yang positif berperan penting dalam meningkatkan perilaku prososial siswa. Hasil penelitian ini berimplikasi pada pentingnya keterlibatan keluarga dan sekolah dalam menciptakan lingkungan sosial yang mendukung pembentukan karakter prososial remaja.
Abstract
Background: Prosocial behavior is an essential aspect of adolescents' social development. However, students continue to exhibit low levels of empathy, cooperation, and willingness to help others, highlighting the need to investigate the factors that influence prosocial behavior, particularly the family environment and peer relationships. Objective: This study aimed to examine the influence of the family environment and peer relationships on the prosocial behavior of junior high school students. Methods: This study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method with an associative research design. The population consisted of students at SMP Negeri 149 Jakarta, with a sample of 205 respondents selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The regression equation obtained was Ŷ = –17.62 + 0.377X₁ + 0.426X₂. The simultaneous test yielded an F-value of 31.543 with a significance level of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that the family environment and peer relationships jointly had a significant effect on students' prosocial behavior. Partially, both independent variables also had a positive and significant influence on prosocial behavior. Conclusion: These findings indicate that a supportive family environment and positive peer relationships play an important role in enhancing students' prosocial behavior. The findings imply that active collaboration between families and schools is essential to create a supportive social environment that fosters the development of adolescents' prosocial character.
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