PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI BRIKET CAMPURAN KULIT DURIAN (Durio zibethinus Murr) DAN TEMPURUNG KELUWAK (Pangium edule) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF

Abstract

Abstrak.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan karakteristik briket campuran kulit durian dan tempurung keluwak meliputi nilai kalor, kadar abu, kadar air, kuat tekan, volatile matter dan kadar karbon terikat pada briket yang dihasilkan. Perbandingan massa arang kulit durian : tempurung keluwak : perekat biji durian yang digunakan adalah (80:0:20) %, (60:20:20)%, (40:40:20)%, (20:60:20)% dan (0:80:20)%. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji karakterisasi terhadap briket yang dihasilkan dengan acuan SNI 01-6235-2000 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada hasil karakterisasi briket yang diberi penambahan arang tempurung keluwak. Kualitas briket semakin baik seiring dengan bertambahnya komposisi arang tempurun keluwak pada campuran briket. Hasil briket terbaik berdasarkan metode CPI (Composite Performance Index) diperoleh briket pada komposisi campuran 20% arang kulit durian, 60% arang tempurung keluwak dan 20% perekat biji durian. Hasil yang diperoleh nilai kalor (6063 kal/gram), kadar air (5,49%), kadar abu (6,85%), volatile matter (14,87%), kadar karbon terikat (72,97%) dan kuat tekan (10,12 kg/cm²).

Kata Kunci       : Briket, kulit durian, tempurung keluwak, biji durian, CPI

Abstract. The research aims to was to determine the characteristics briquette of the mixture durian’s peel and keluwak shell including heat value, ash content, water content, compressive strength, volatile matter and fixed carbon  to the briquettes produced. Comparison mass of durian charcoal: keluwak shell: the adhesive of durian seeds used is (80:0:20)%, (60:20:20)%, (40:40:20)%, (20:60:20)% and (0:80:20)%. In this research characterization of briquettes was carried out with reference to SNI 01-6235-2000. The results showed that there was a significant effect on the results of briquette characterization given the addition of keluwak shell charcoal. The quality of the briquettes is getting better along with the increase in the composition of the keluwak shell charcoal in the briquette mixture. The best briquette results based on the CPI (Composite Performance Index) method obtained briquettes in the composition of the mixture of 20% durian peel charcoal, 60% keluwak shell charcoal and 20% durian seed adhesive.The result obtained are the heating value (6063 cal / gram), water content (5.49%), ash content (6.85%), volatile matter (14, 87%), fixed carbon (72.97%) and compressive strength (10.12 kg / cm²).

Keywords         :Briquettes, durian peel, keluwak shell, durian seeds, CPI