GAYA HIDUP SEDENTARI, SCREEN TIME, DAN POLA MAKAN TERHADAP STATUS GIZI REMAJA SMAN 1 BOJONEGORO
Keywords:
Gaya Hidup Sedentari, Screen Time, Pola Makan, Status Gizi, Remaja
Abstract
Pandemi Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) memberi dampak yang besar terhadap sistem pendidikan di Indonesia. Adanya peraturan pemerintah untuk melaksanakan sistem pembelajaran daring atau belajar di rumah, menyebabkan siswa/siswi lebih jarang beraktifitas ke luar rumah. Sistem pembelajaran tersebut juga mempengaruhi gaya hidup sedentari, screen time, dan juga pola makan siswa ketika di rumah. Aktivitas fisik yang kurang dan meningkatnya waktu untuk melakukan sedentari juga dihubungkan dengan konsumsi makanan dan peningkatan Body Mass Index (BMI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gaya hidup sedentari, durasi screen time, dan pola makan dengan status gizi siswa kelas XI di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri (SMAN) 1 Bojonegoro ketika pandemi covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan instrumen penelitian kuisioner Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ) dan Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), serta pengukuran antropometri. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa/siswi kelas XI di SMAN 1 Bojonegoro sejumlah 291 siswa, dengan jumlah sampel 75 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan analisis data menggunakan uji rank spearman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat data bahwa sebagian besar siswa/siswi dengan status gizi baik memiliki gaya hidup sedentari dan durasi screen time yang tinggi. Nilai signifikansi antara gaya hidup sedentari, durasi screen time, dan pola makan terhadap status gizi bernilai r>0,05 (r<0,05) yang berarti tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya hidup sedentari, durasi screen time, dan pola makan terhadap status gizi. Akan tetapi, arah hubungan bernilai positif sehingga semakin tinggi gaya hidup sedentari, durasi screen time, dan pola makan, maka akan meningkat pula status gizi pada remaja usia 16-17 tahun.References
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Bhutani, S., & Cooper, J. A. (2020). COVID-19–Related Home Confinement in Adults: Weight Gain Risks and Opportunities. Obesity, 28(9), 1576–1577. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22904
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BPS. (2017). Ragam Konsumsi Makanan Penduduk Jawa Timur 2017. BPS Provinsi Jawa Timur.
Cameron, J. D., Maras, D., Sigal, R. J., Kenny, G. P., Borghese, M. M., Chaput, J., Alberga, A. S., & Gold, G. S. (2016). The mediating role of energy intake on the relationship between screen time behaviour and body mass index in adolescents with obesity : The HEARTY study. 107, 437–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.101
de Pinho, M. G. M., Adami, F., Benedet, J., & de Vasconcelos, F. de A. G. (2017). Association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents. Revista de Nutricao, 30(3). https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652017000300010
Fitria, S., & Surya, D. (2021). The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Adolescence Learning Behavior in Indonesia. JURNAL SERAMBI ILMU, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.32672/si.v22i1.2732
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Houghton, S., Hunter, S. C., Rosenberg, M., Wood, L., Zadow, C., Martin, K., & Shilton, T. (2015). Virtually impossible: Limiting Australian children and adolescents daily screen based media use. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-15-5
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Kurdaningsih, S. V., Sudargo, T., & Lusmilasari, L. (2016). Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle towards teenagers’ overweight/obesity status. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 3(3), 988–988. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20160942
Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson, L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., Vanderloo, L. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: A national survey. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8
Nagata, J. M., Abdel Magid, H. S., & Pettee Gabriel, K. (2020). Screen Time for Children and Adolescents During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Obesity, 28(9), 1582–1583. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22917
Noviyanti, R. dewi & M. D. (2017). Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi, Aktivitas Fisk, dan Pola Makan terhadap Status Gizi Remaja di Kelurahan Purwosari Laweyan Surakarta. University Research Colloquium Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, 421–426. http://journal.ummgl.ac.id/index.php/urecol/article/view/1059
Pramadhan, Y. (2016). Keterkaitan Screen Time, Aktivitas Fisik, Asupan Zat Gizi dengan Status Gizi dan Tingkat Kecukupan Energi Pada Siswa SD Gadog 03 Bogor. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling.
Pramudita, S. R., & Nadhiroh, S. R. (2018). Gambaran Aktivitas Sedentari Dan Tingkat Kecukupan Gizi Pada Remaja Gizi Lebih Dan Gizi Normal. Media Gizi Indonesia, 12(1), 80. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v12i1.80-87
Pratiwi, R., & Mardiyati, N. L. (2018). Screen time dengan konsumsi sayur dan buah serta kenaikan berat badan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan. Jurnal Nutrisia, 20(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.29238/jnutri.v20i2.10
Pribadi, P. S. A., & Nurhayati, F. (2018). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Sedentari Dengan Status Gizi Siswa Kelas X Man Kota Mojokerto. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 6(2), 327–330.
Putra, W. N. (2017). Hubungan pola makan, aktivitas fisik, dan aktivitas sedentari dengan overweight di SMA Negeri 5 Surabaya. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 5(3), 298–310. https://doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v5i3.2017.
Rahman, M. E., Islam, M. S., Bishwas, M. S., Moonajilin, M. S., & Gozal, D. (2020). Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors in the Bangladeshi population during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online cross-sectional survey. Heliyon, 6(10), e05392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05392
Ramachandran, D., & Gill, T. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on self-managed weight loss journeys. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 14(4), 386–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.08.001
Riskesdas. (2018). Hasil Utama Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1–100. https://doi.org/1 Desember 2013
Setiawati, F. S., Mahmudiono, T., Ramadhani, N., & Hidayati, K. F. (2019). Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial, Kebiasaan Olahraga, dan Obesitas Pada Remaja Di SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya Tahun 2019. Amerta Nutrition, 3(3), 142. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v3i3.2019.142-148
Sigman, A. (2012). Time for a view on screen time. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 97(11), 935–942. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-302196
Stockwell, S., Trott, M., Tully, M., Shin, J., Barnett, Y., Butler, L., McDermott, D., Schuch, F., & Smith, L. (2021). Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: A systematic review. In BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine (Vol. 7, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000960
Thamaria, N. (2017). Penilaian Status Gizi. Pusat Pendidikan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan.
Xiang, M., Zhang, Z., & Kuwahara, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. In Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases (Vol. 63, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.013
Zheng, C., Huang, W. Y., Sheridan, S., Sit, C. H. P., Chen, X. K., & Wong, S. H. S. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic brings a sedentary lifestyle in young adults: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176035
Zuhdy, N. (2015). Hubungan pola aktivitas fisik dan pola makan dengan status gizi pada pelajar putri sma kelas 1 di denpasar utara. Tesis.
American Academy of Pediatrics, & WHO. (2019). Screen Time Guidelines by Age. 24–25. https://www.eyepromise.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Screentime-Recommendation-Chart-Final_AAP-WHO.pdf
Bhutani, S., & Cooper, J. A. (2020). COVID-19–Related Home Confinement in Adults: Weight Gain Risks and Opportunities. Obesity, 28(9), 1576–1577. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22904
Boone, J. E., Gordon-Larsen, P., Adair, L. S., & Popkin, B. M. (2007). Screen time and physical activity during adolescence: Longitudinal effects on obesity in young adulthood. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 4, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-4-26
Borraccino, A., Lemma, P., Berchialla, P., Cappello, N., Inchley, J., Dalmasso, P., Charrier, L., Cavallo, F., Giacchi, M., Lazzeri, G., Pilato, V., Rossi, S., Pammolli, A., Santinello, M., Vieno, A., Chieco, F., Lenzi, M., Spinelli, A., Baglio, G., … Scotti, M. T. (2016). Unhealthy food consumption in adolescence: Role of sedentary behaviours and modifiers in 11-, 13- and 15-year-old Italians. European Journal of Public Health, 26(4), 650–656. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw056
BPS. (2017). Ragam Konsumsi Makanan Penduduk Jawa Timur 2017. BPS Provinsi Jawa Timur.
Cameron, J. D., Maras, D., Sigal, R. J., Kenny, G. P., Borghese, M. M., Chaput, J., Alberga, A. S., & Gold, G. S. (2016). The mediating role of energy intake on the relationship between screen time behaviour and body mass index in adolescents with obesity : The HEARTY study. 107, 437–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.08.101
de Pinho, M. G. M., Adami, F., Benedet, J., & de Vasconcelos, F. de A. G. (2017). Association between screen time and dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adolescents. Revista de Nutricao, 30(3). https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652017000300010
Fitria, S., & Surya, D. (2021). The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Adolescence Learning Behavior in Indonesia. JURNAL SERAMBI ILMU, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.32672/si.v22i1.2732
Hardinsyah, & Supariasa, I. D. (2017). Ilmu Gizi Teori dan Aplikasi. In Gizi Bayi dan Balita.
Hardy, L. L., Booth, M. L., & Okely, A. D. (2007). The reliability of the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ). Preventive Medicine, 45(1), 71–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.03.014
Houghton, S., Hunter, S. C., Rosenberg, M., Wood, L., Zadow, C., Martin, K., & Shilton, T. (2015). Virtually impossible: Limiting Australian children and adolescents daily screen based media use. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-15-5
Kemenkes. (2020). Pedoman kesiapan menghadapi COVID-19. Pedoman Kesiapan Menghadapi COVID-19, 0–115.
Kumala, A. M., Margawati, A., & Rahadiyanti, A. (2019). Hubungan Antara Durasi Penggunaan Alat Elektronik (Gadget), Aktivitas Fisik, dan Pola Makan dengan Status Gizi Pada Remaja Usia 13-15 Tahun. Journal of Nutrition College, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v8i2.23816
Kurdaningsih, S. V., Sudargo, T., & Lusmilasari, L. (2016). Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle towards teenagers’ overweight/obesity status. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 3(3), 988–988. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20160942
Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G., Rhodes, R. E., Brussoni, M., Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson, L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., Vanderloo, L. M., & Tremblay, M. S. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: A national survey. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8
Nagata, J. M., Abdel Magid, H. S., & Pettee Gabriel, K. (2020). Screen Time for Children and Adolescents During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Obesity, 28(9), 1582–1583. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22917
Noviyanti, R. dewi & M. D. (2017). Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi, Aktivitas Fisk, dan Pola Makan terhadap Status Gizi Remaja di Kelurahan Purwosari Laweyan Surakarta. University Research Colloquium Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, 421–426. http://journal.ummgl.ac.id/index.php/urecol/article/view/1059
Pramadhan, Y. (2016). Keterkaitan Screen Time, Aktivitas Fisik, Asupan Zat Gizi dengan Status Gizi dan Tingkat Kecukupan Energi Pada Siswa SD Gadog 03 Bogor. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling.
Pramudita, S. R., & Nadhiroh, S. R. (2018). Gambaran Aktivitas Sedentari Dan Tingkat Kecukupan Gizi Pada Remaja Gizi Lebih Dan Gizi Normal. Media Gizi Indonesia, 12(1), 80. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgi.v12i1.80-87
Pratiwi, R., & Mardiyati, N. L. (2018). Screen time dengan konsumsi sayur dan buah serta kenaikan berat badan pada mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan. Jurnal Nutrisia, 20(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.29238/jnutri.v20i2.10
Pribadi, P. S. A., & Nurhayati, F. (2018). Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Sedentari Dengan Status Gizi Siswa Kelas X Man Kota Mojokerto. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 6(2), 327–330.
Putra, W. N. (2017). Hubungan pola makan, aktivitas fisik, dan aktivitas sedentari dengan overweight di SMA Negeri 5 Surabaya. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 5(3), 298–310. https://doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v5i3.2017.
Rahman, M. E., Islam, M. S., Bishwas, M. S., Moonajilin, M. S., & Gozal, D. (2020). Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors in the Bangladeshi population during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online cross-sectional survey. Heliyon, 6(10), e05392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05392
Ramachandran, D., & Gill, T. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on self-managed weight loss journeys. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 14(4), 386–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.08.001
Riskesdas. (2018). Hasil Utama Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1–100. https://doi.org/1 Desember 2013
Setiawati, F. S., Mahmudiono, T., Ramadhani, N., & Hidayati, K. F. (2019). Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial, Kebiasaan Olahraga, dan Obesitas Pada Remaja Di SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya Tahun 2019. Amerta Nutrition, 3(3), 142. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v3i3.2019.142-148
Sigman, A. (2012). Time for a view on screen time. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 97(11), 935–942. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-302196
Stockwell, S., Trott, M., Tully, M., Shin, J., Barnett, Y., Butler, L., McDermott, D., Schuch, F., & Smith, L. (2021). Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: A systematic review. In BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine (Vol. 7, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000960
Thamaria, N. (2017). Penilaian Status Gizi. Pusat Pendidikan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan.
Xiang, M., Zhang, Z., & Kuwahara, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. In Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases (Vol. 63, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.013
Zheng, C., Huang, W. Y., Sheridan, S., Sit, C. H. P., Chen, X. K., & Wong, S. H. S. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic brings a sedentary lifestyle in young adults: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176035
Zuhdy, N. (2015). Hubungan pola aktivitas fisik dan pola makan dengan status gizi pada pelajar putri sma kelas 1 di denpasar utara. Tesis.
Published
2021-07-31
How to Cite
Andriani, F. and Indrawati, V. (2021) “GAYA HIDUP SEDENTARI, SCREEN TIME, DAN POLA MAKAN TERHADAP STATUS GIZI REMAJA SMAN 1 BOJONEGORO”, GIZI UNESA, 1(1), pp. 14-22. Available at: https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/GIZIUNESA/article/view/41269 (Accessed: 25April2024).
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