The Association Between Potassium, Magnesium, and Fiber Intake with Blood Pressure among Pre-Elderly Women in Getas Village, Tanjunganom, Nganjuk

Abstract

Background: The pre-elderly phase (aged 45–59 years) is a transition period prone to degenerative diseases, including hypertension. Micronutrient intake, such as potassium, magnesium, and dietary fiber, plays an essential role in regulating blood pressure. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between potassium, magnesium, and fiber intake and blood pressure among pre-elderly individuals in Getas Village, Tanjunganom, Nganjuk. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 102 pre-elderly individuals aged 45–59 years were selected using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data on potassium, magnesium, and fiber intake were collected using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), while blood pressure data were obtained through direct measurement using a sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using Spearman-rho test. Result:  The results showed that most respondents had inadequate potassium intake with an average of 1,697.04 mg/day; inadequate magnesium intake, with an average of 243.8 mg/day; and inadequate fiber intake, with an average of 12.6 g/day. The majority of respondents also had high blood pressure (90.2%). Spearman-rho Test revealed significant relationships between potassium intake and blood pressure (p<0.001) with r=-0,613, magnesium intake and blood pressure (p<0.001) with r=-0,594, and fiber intake and blood pressure (p<0.001) with r=-0,762. Conclusion: It can be concluded that potassium, magnesium, and fiber intake are significantly associated with blood pressure among pre-elderly individuals. Increasing the consumption of foods rich in potassium, magnesium, and fiber is recommended as an effort to prevent hypertension in the pre-elderly population.