A Psychological Profile of Patients with Paranoid Schizophrenia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v13n01.p379-385Kata Kunci:
Skizofrenia paranoid, Dinamika psikologis, Pendekatan psikoanalisisAbstrak
Skizofrenia paranoid merupakan salah satu gangguan psikotik berat yang ditandai oleh dominasi halusinasi dan waham yang dapat mengganggu fungsi psikologis dan sosial individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika psikologis pasien dengan skizofrenia paranoid melalui perspektif teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus terhadap seorang pasien perempuan dewasa yang menjalani perawatan rawat inap di rumah sakit jiwa. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara (autoanamnesa dan alloanamnesa), observasi, serta studi dokumentasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa gangguan yang dialami pasien dipengaruhi oleh konflik intrapsikis yang berkepanjangan, konflik keluarga, serta pengalaman kehilangan figur otoritas. Kondisi tersebut memicu penggunaan mekanisme pertahanan ego yang tidak adaptif, seperti proyeksi dan distorsi realitas yang termanifestasi dalam bentuk halusinasi auditorik serta waham kejar dan kebesaran. Berdasarkan kerangka psikoanalisis, ketidakmampuan ego dalam mengelola dorongan id dan tuntutan superego menyebabkan melemahnya fungsi realitas, sehingga gejala psikotik semakin menonjol. Implikasi penulisan ini menegaskan pentingnya pemahaman dinamika psikologis pasien sebagai dasar pemberian intervensi psikologis yang komprehensif dan berkesinambungan, selain penanganan farmakologis.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Ihfni Khasya Maulida, Muhammad Nuril Mukminin
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