Motif Sosial Mahasiswa Laki-Laki Mempertahankan Rambut Gondrong di Tengah Stigma Sosial

Perspektif Alfred Schutz

Abstract

Long hair on men is not just about style choices, but also carries social meanings related to identity, freedom, and societal judgment. In daily life, men with long hair still often face stigma as being messy, untidy, wild, unkempt, or even associated with deviant behavior. This study frames the issue around how male students’ social motives influence their decision to keep long hair despite social stigma, based on Alfred Schutz’s phenomenological perspective. The study aims to identify because motives, analyze in-order-to motives, describe forms of social stigma, and understand how students interpret and respond to that stigma. Schutz's social motive theory is used to distinguish past experiences that underlie actions from the goals that are intended to be achieved through those actions. The study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach involving five male students from Surabaya State University. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The study results show that because motives include an interest in music and idol figures, experiences of hair restrictions at school, curiosity, environmental influence, economic considerations, and emotional experiences. Meanwhile, in-order-to motives include forming identity, freedom of expression, self-image, exploring appearance, environmental acceptance, and self-acceptance. The stigmas encountered include cleanliness, moral, criminal, gender, and emotional stigmas. Students respond to stigma through ignoring it, self-reflection, hair care, accepting social awkwardness, and giving explanations. This study concludes that keeping long hair is a meaningful social act that reflects bodily autonomy and affirming one’s self-definition.

Keywords: Social Motive; Phenomenology; Long-haired Students; Social Stigma; Alfred Schutz