SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF PORANG LEAF EXTRACTS USING DIFFERENT EXTRACTION SOLVENTS
Main Article Content
Abstract
The common bacteria that causes diarrhea is Escherichia coli. Therapy for Escherichia coli bacterial infection uses antibiotics but the use of antibiotics that are relatively high can cause resistance, so alternative medicines are needed using herbal medicinal plants. Based on the studies, one of the plants that can be used as an antibacterial is the porang plant (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) which is a type of plant that has potential both technologically and commercially in terms of medical, industrial and food. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and antibacterial activity contained in porang leaf extract (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) with 96% ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvents. In the antibacterial activity test using the disc diffusion method with NA media (Nutrient Agar), ciprofloxacin as a positive control, 10% DMSO as a negative control and various concentrations of 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%. The three porang leaf extracts can produce the greatest antibacterial activity at a concentration of 60%. Antibacterial activity in the ethanol extract of porang leaves had an average inhibition zone of 1.32 ± 0.59 mm, in the ethyl acetate extract of porang leaves it had an average inhibition zone of 0.73 ± 0.10 mm, and in the n- hexane extract of porang leaves it had an average zone resistance of 0.34±0.39mm. The results of this study concluded that the three porang leaf extracts with 3 solvents had a different antibacterial activity but the inhibition zone formed was in the weak category.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
[1] M. Sandy, T. S. Wardani, and A. D. Septiarini, “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak, Fraksi N-heksan, Fraksi Etil Asetat, Fraksi Air Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) Terhadap Escherichia coli ATCC 25922,” Media Farmasi Indonesia, vol.16, no. 2, pp. 1683-1692, 2021.
[2] D. D. Cahyadi, “Analisis Faktor Iklim Terhadap Kejadian Diare di Kota Banjarmasin Tahun 2014–2019” Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB), 2020.
[3] H. G. Savira and G. Trimulyono, “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Isolat Bakteri yang Diisolasi dari Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) Terhadap Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 dan Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047,” LenteraBio: Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, vol. 10 no. 3, pp. 347–355, 2021.
[4] N. Aryanti, and K. Y. Abidin, “Ekstraksi glukomanan dari porang lokal (Amorphophallus oncophyllus dan Amorphophallus muerelli Blume),” Metana, vol. 11, no. 0, 2015.
[5] S. N. Anisah, and M. Muhtadi, “Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Batang dan Daun Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume), Suweg (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius), Iles- Iles (Amorphophallus oncophyllus), dan Walur (Amorphophallus campanulatus) serta Profil Fitokimianya,” Proceeding of the URECOL, pp. 574-581, 2021.
[6] N. L. Sumitriasih, A. Ridhay, and Indriani. “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak n-Heksan, Etil Asetat dan Etanol Kulit Batang Kayu Eboni (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) Menggunakan Metode Difusi,” Kovalen, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 233–239, 2019.
[7] N. Nurgustiyanti, E. Abriyani, and I. L. P. Mursal, “Skrining fitokimia dari ekstrak daun bunga telang (Clitoria Ternatea L.) dan uji antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli,” Jurnal Buana Farma, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 21-28, 2021.
[8] Saadah, Susy and Sogandi Sogandi, “Efek Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) Terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus,” Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI), vol 7, pp. 203-214, 2020.
[9] N. Suryani, D. Permana, & A. Jambe, “Pengaruh jenis pelarut terhadap kandungan total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun matoa (Pometia pinnata),” Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA), vol 5, no.1, 2016.
[10] C. N. Gupita and A. Rahayuni, “Pengaruh Berbagai pH Sari Buah dan Suhu Pasteurisasi Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Tingkat Penerimaan Sari Kulit Buah Manggis,” Journal of Nutrition College, vo. 1, no. 1, pp. 67- 79, 2012.
[11] M. Sangi, M. R. J. Runtuwene, H. E. I. Simbala, and V. M. A. Makang, “Analisis Fitokimia Tumbuhan Obat di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara,” Chemistry Progress, vol. 1, pp. 47-53, 2008.
[12] W. S. Putri, N. K. Warditiani, and L. P. F. Larasanty, “Skrining fitokimia ekstrak etil asetat kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.),” Jurnal Farmasi Udayana, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 56-60, 2013.
[13] M. Taofik, E. Yulianti, A. Barizi, & E. K. Hayati, “Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Aktif Ekstrak Air Daun Paitan (Thitonia diversifolia) sebagai Bahan Insektisida Botani Untuk Pengendalian Hama Tungau Eriophyidae,” Alchemy, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 104-157, 2010.
[14] R. Romadanu, S. Hanggita and S.D. Lestari. “Pengujian Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Bunga Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). Jurnal FishtecH,” vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2014.
[15] J.B. Harborne, Metode Fitokimia, Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan, trans. Dr. Kosasih Padmawinata dan Dr. Iwang Soediro. Bandung, Indonesia: Penerbit ITB, 1987.
[16] B. Muthmainnah, “Skrining Fitokimia Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Dari Ekstrak Etanol Buah Delima (Punica Granatum L.) Dengan Metode Uji Warna,” Media Farmasi, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 36, 2019.
[17] M. Astuti, D. Umaningrum, and K. Mustikasari, “Toksisitas Ekstrak N-heksana Dan Metanol Daun Kelopak Tambahan Tumbuhan Permot (Passiflora foetida L),” Sains dan Terapan Kimia, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 80-86, 2014.
[18] E. S. Simaremare, “Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gatal (Laportea Decumana (Roxb.) Wedd),” Pharmacy: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 98-107, 2014.
[19] S. A. Rizki, M. Latief, F. Fitrianingsih, and H. Rahman, “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak N-heksan, Etil asetat, dan Etanol Daun Durian (Durio zibethinus Linn.) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jambi Medical Journal," Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan", vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 442-457, 2022.
[20] K. Todar, Antimicrobial Agents Used in Treatment of Infectious Disease, University of Wisconsin Madison Department of Bacteriology, 2008. Available from http://www.textbookofbacteriolgy.net/antimic
[21] O. J. Sumampouw, “Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli Penyebab Diare Balita di Kota Manado,” Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 104-110, 2018.
[22] N. Hidayah, A. K. Hisan, A. Solikin, I. Irawati, and D. Mustikaningtyas, “Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Sargassum muticum Sebagai Alternatif Obat Bisul Akibat Aktivitas Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Creativity Student,” vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 1–9, 2016.
[23] M. Simorangkir, B. Nainggolan, and S, Silaban, “Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak n-Hexana, Etil Asetat, Etanol Daun Sarang Banua (Clerodendrum gragrans V.W) Terhadap Salmonella enterica,” Jurnal Biosains, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 92-98, 2019.
[24] Nuria, C. Maulita, A. Faizaitun, Sumantri, “Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Atcc 25923, Escherichia coli Atcc 25922, dan Salmonella Typhi Atcc 1408,” Mediagro, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 26–37, 2009.
[25] M. Ngajow, A. Jemmy, and S. K. Vanda, “Pengaruh Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Batang Matoa (Pometia pinnata) terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara In Vitro,” Jurnal MIPA Unsrat Online, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 128 –132, 2013.