ARTIKEL REVIEW :KANDUNGAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH (Piper Betle L) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN
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Daun sirih (Piper betle L.) merupakan tanaman obat tradisional Indonesia yang kaya metabolit sekunder dan berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Penelitian tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas antioksidan berbagai senyawa utama daun sirih dan menentukan kelompok senyawa yang paling berperan. Literatur diperoleh melalui pencarian basis data PubMed, Google Scholar, dan Science Direct dengan kata kunci Piper betle dan “aktivitas antioksidan”, kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan relevansi dan metode uji antioksidan. Aktivitas antioksidan diukur menggunakan metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) yang menilai kemampuan ekstrak menetralkan 50 % radikal bebas dan dinyatakan sebagai nilai IC₅₀. Hasil kompilasi menunjukkan hubungan negatif antara nilai IC₅₀ dan kekuatan antioksidan. Senyawa dengan potensi sangat kuat meliputi eugenol (18,27 µg/mL), hidroksikavikol (22,50 µg/mL), dan fenolik total (21,48 µg/mL). Flavonoid total (35,20 µg/mL) dan tanin (42,76 µg/mL) tergolong kuat, sedangkan saponin (53,10 µg/mL) dan alkaloid (60,25 µg/mL) termasuk sedang. Hasil ini menegaskan bahwa komponen fenolik, khususnya eugenol dan hidroksikavikol, merupakan kontributor utama aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun sirih dan mendukung pengembangannya sebagai bahan baku antioksidan alami
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Referensi
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