PHYTOREMEDIATION OF HOSPITAL WASTEWATER USING WATER HYACINTH (Eichhornia crassipes): A CASE STUDY OF AMMONIA AND pH
Main Article Content
Abstract
Hospital wastewater contains various hazardous compounds such as ammonia (NH3) which can reduce the quality of the aquatic environment if not properly managed. Based on the results of the Hospital Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) test in September 2025, the ammonia level in the effluent exceeded the quality standard of 0.26 mg/L due to damage to the aeration system (blower). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in reducing ammonia levels and pH in wastewater. The study used a Quasi-Experimental design with a descriptive approach, a pretest-posttest with control group model conducted for 7 days. Most of the treated samples experienced a decrease in pH approaching neutral. The highest percentage reduction was found in sample P2 with a percentage of -7.17%. In the ammonia test, most samples experienced a decrease in ammonia levels, as shown by the change from >2 ppm at H0 to 0 ppm at H7 . This shows that water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is able to reduce ammonia levels and lower pH levels approaching neutral pH.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
D. Maniksulistya dan I. M. Djaja, “Gambaran pengelolaan limbah cair di Rumah Sakit X Jakarta,” Kesehatan Lingkungan, Dep, vol. 10, hlm. 60–63, 2006.
[2] C. R. W. Indrawati, S. P. Arso, dan R. T. Budiyanti, “Analisis Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Di Instalasi Central Sterile Supply Departement Rumah Sakit X Kota Semarang Dalam Memenuhi Standar Kompetensi Dan Kewenangan Staf Akreditasi Rumah Sakit,” Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, vol. 11, no. 6, hlm. 573–583, Nov 2023, doi: 10.14710/jkm.v11i6.37514.
[3] Republik Indonesia, “Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Tahun 2009 Tentang Rumah Sakit,” 2009.
[4] M. K. Baeti, M. Raharjo, N. A. Yunita Dewanti, dan S. Sulistiyani, “Efektivitas Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Rumah Sakit Umum Roemani Muhammadiyah Semarang,” Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip), vol. 10, no. 3, hlm. 281–289, Mei 2022, doi: 10.14710/jkm.v10i3.32736.
[5] Gubernur Jawa Timur, “Peraturan Gubernur Jawa Timur Nomor 72 Tahun 2013 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah bagi Usaha dan/atau Kegiatan, Lampiran III angka 6: Air Limbah bagi Usaha dan/atau Kegiatan Rumah Sakit,” 2013.
[6] A. Hasan dan H. Kadarusman, “Pengaruh Aerasi Terhadap Pengolahan Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit Dengan Metode Constructed Wetland,” Ruwa Jurai: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, vol. 16, no. 1, hlm. 41, Mei 2022, doi: 10.26630/rj.v16i1.3157.
[7] W. N. Putri, L. Barus, M. Ahyanti, N. Prianto, F. Masra, dan S. Indarwati, “Kemampuan Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes) Sebagai Fitoremediasi dalam Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tempe,” MJ (Midwifery Journal), vol. 3, no. 3, hlm. 137–145, Sep 2023.
[8] H. Herniwanti, Fitoremediasi Pengelolaan Limbah Air Asam Tambang (AAT). Solok: Penerbit Mitra Cendekia Media, 2021. Diakses: 29 Desember 2025. [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355666655.
[9] A. N. Kusrinah dan N. Nurhayati, “Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pemanfaatan Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) Menjadi Pupuk Kompos Cair Untuk Mengurangi Pencemaran Air dan Meningkatkan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Karangkimpul Kelurahan Kaligawe Kecamatan Gayamsari Kotamadya Semarang,” Jurnal DIMAS, vol. 6, no. 1, hlm. 27–48, Mei 2016.
[10] Muhklisani, P. D. M. Karti, dan I. Prihantoro, “Aklimatisasi dan Respon Pertumbuhan Mutan Leucaena Leucocephala Varietas Tarramba Teradaptasi Asam,” Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan, vol. 19, no. 3, hlm. 66–70, Des 2021, doi: 10.29244/jintp.19.3.66-70.
[11] W. N. Putri, L. Barus, M. Ahyanti, N. Prianto, F. Masra, dan S. Indarwati, “Kemampuan Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes) Sebagai Fitoremediasi dalam Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tempe,” MJ (Midwifery Journal), vol. 3, no. 3, hlm. 137–145, Sep 2023.
[12] N. Roney, F. Llados, S. S. Little, dan D. B. Knaebel, “Toxicological Profile for Ammonia,” Federal Register, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004.
[13] M. Azizah dan M. Humairoh, “Analisis Kadar Amonia (NH₃) Dalam Air Sungai Cileungsi,” Nusa Sylva, vol. 15, 2015.
[14] H. Y. Sriyana, “Kemampuan Eceng Gondok dalam Menurunkan Kadar Pb(II) dan Cr(VI) pada Limbah dengan Sistem Air Mengalir dan Sistem Air Menggenang,” Yogyakarta, 2006.
[15] Irmanto dan Suyata, “Penurunan Kadar Amonia, Nitrit, dan Nitrat Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Menggunakan Arang Aktif dari Ampas Kopi,” Kimia, vol. 4, no. 2, hlm. 105–114, 2009.
[16] U. M. Tang, Fisiologi Hewan Air. Pekanbaru: Unri press, 2010.