PEMANFAATAN SENYAWA KOMPLEKS FE KELAT (EDTA, DTPA, EDDHA, AMINO) DALAM BIDANG PERTANIAN: SEBUAH TINJAUAN
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Penelitian ini membahas pemanfaatan senyawa kompleks besi (Fe) dalam bentuk kelat seperti EDTA, DTPA, EDDHA, dan amino kelat untuk mengatasi kekurangan Fe pada tanaman. Kekurangan Fe sering terjadi di tanah yang memiliki pH tinggi atau berkapur, yang terlihat dari klorosis pada daun dan penurunan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau aspek sintesis, stabilitas, efektivitas agronomis, dan dampak lingkungan dari berbagai jenis kelat Fe. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur, sumber data yang diambil mencakup artikel dari tahun 2016 hingga 2025, dengan perhatian khusus pada artikel yang membahas penggunaan Fe-kelat pada tanaman. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Fe-EDTA bekerja dengan baik pada pH rendah hingga sedang, tetapi kurang stabil pada tanah alkalis. Fe-DTPA menunjukkan kestabilan yang moderat hingga pH 7, sementara Fe-EDDHA memiliki kestabilan yang tinggi bahkan pada pH 9, sehingga lebih cocok untuk tanah berkapur. Alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan seperti Fe-amino kelat terbukti lebih mudah diserap, memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap lingkungan, dan juga berfungsi ganda sebagai biostimulan. Sehingga, penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi pengembangan Fe-kelat yang ramah lingkungan dan efektif pada tanah alkalis guna mengurangi residu dari bahan sintetis.
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Referensi
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