Self-Compassion pada Remaja Perempuan Pelaku Self-Harm

Abstract

Self-compassion dipandang sebagai salah satu faktor protektif yang mampu membantu individu menghadapi tekanan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dinamika psikologis pembentukan self-compassion serta menjelaskan faktor-faktor self-compassion yang berperan pada remaja perempuan pelaku self-harm. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan teknik analisis tematik terhadap dua partisipan remaja perempuan berusia 18–21 tahun yang memiliki riwayat self-harm. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proses pembentukan self-compassion berlangsung secara bertahap melalui refleksi diri, kejenuhan emosional, dan pengalaman pribadi yang menyakitkan. Aspek self-kindness terbentuk saat partisipan mulai menerima diri dan berhenti menyalahkan diri sendiri. Aspek common humanity muncul ketika partisipan menyadari bahwa mereka tidak sendiri dalam penderitaan. Mindfulness berkembang seiring kemampuan mengamati emosi tanpa reaksi impulsif. Adapun faktor pendukung pembentukan self-compassion meliputi usia, kecerdasan emosi, dukungan sosial, dan kepribadian conscientiousness. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa self-compassion berperan penting sebagai proses perubahan dan protektif dalam pemulihan remaja dari self-harm. Self-compassion membantu individu mengembangkan sikap welas asih terhadap diri, mengelola emosi secara lebih adaptif, serta mengurangi kecenderungan untuk kembali menyakiti diri. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa self-compassion berperan penting dalam pemulihan remaja dari perilaku self-harm.

Abstract

Self-compassion is regarded as one of the protective factors that can help individuals cope with psychological distress. This study aims to explain the psychological dynamics behind the development of self-compassion and to identify the contributing factors in adolescent girls with a history of self-harm. A qualitative approach with a case study method was used, and thematic analysis was conducted on two female adolescent participants aged 18–21 who had previously engaged in self-harming behaviors. The findings show that the development of self-compassion occurs gradually through self-reflection, emotional exhaustion, and painful personal experiences. The aspect of self-kindness emerged as the participants began to accept themselves and stopped blaming themselves. Common humanity appeared when they realized they were not alone in their suffering. Mindfulness developed along with the ability to observe emotions without reacting impulsively. Supporting factors in the development of self-compassion included age, emotional intelligence, social support, and the personality trait of conscientiousness. These findings suggest that self-compassion plays a significant role as both a transformative and protective process in adolescent recovery from self-harm. Self-compassion helps individuals cultivate a compassionate attitude toward themselves, manage emotions more adaptively, and reduce the tendency to reengage in self-harming behaviors. These results underscore the importance of self-compassion in supporting adolescents’ psychological healing and long-term recovery.