Efektivitas Intervensi Individu untuk Kesejahteraan Pekerja Digital: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis

The Effectiveness of Individual Interventions on Employee Well-being: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi digital telah meningkatkan tuntutan kerja dan memunculkan tekanan psikologis seperti technostress yang berdampak pada kesejahteraan pekerja. Pendekatan organisasi yang selama ini dominan dinilai belum sepenuhnya mampu memenuhi kebutuhan individu dalam menghadapi tekanan kerja digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas intervensi level individu dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja di era digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review (SLR) dengan menganalisis 11 artikel ilmiah yang diperoleh dari Google Scholar, jurnal nasional terindeks, dan jurnal internasional bereputasi pada rentang tahun 2015–2025. Seleksi artikel dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi berbasis mindfulness dan cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) merupakan pendekatan yang paling konsisten efektif dalam menurunkan stres, kecemasan, burnout, dan technostress, serta meningkatkan regulasi emosi, kepuasan kerja, keterlibatan karyawan, dan kesejahteraan psikologis. Selain itu, compassion training, emotional competence training, dan stress management juga memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap kesehatan mental pekerja. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa intervensi level individu efektif sebagai strategi pelengkap pendekatan organisasi dalam mendukung kesejahteraan dan produktivitas pekerja di era digital.

Abstract

Digital transformation has increased work demands and created psychological pressures such as technostress, which negatively affect employee well-being. Organizational approaches that have been widely implemented are often insufficient to address individual needs in coping with digital work pressures. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of individual-level interventions in improving employee well-being in the digital era. This study employed a systematic literature review (SLR) method by analyzing 11 scientific articles obtained from Google Scholar, indexed national journals, and reputable international journals published between 2015 and 2025. Article selection was conducted using inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the data were analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings indicate that mindfulness-based interventions and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are the most consistently effective approaches in reducing stress, anxiety, burnout, and technostress, while also improving emotional regulation, job satisfaction, employee engagement, and psychological well-being. In addition, compassion training, emotional competence training, and stress management interventions also contribute positively to workers’ mental health. In conclusion, individual-level interventions are effective complementary strategies to organizational approaches in supporting employee well-being and productivity in the digital era.